PartagerAlliages à mémoire de forme: refroidissement avec des muscles de métal (en anglais)
Des chercheurs de l'Université de Saarland en Allemagne construisent un prototype de système de refroidissement d'air dans lequel la chaleur et le froid sont transférés à l'aide d'alliages de nickel et de titane "à mémoire de forme" grâce à l'effet élastocalorique.
Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are used to remove heat thanks to elastocaloric effect. “Shape memory” means that wires or sheets made from a nickel-titanium alloy have a certain ability to remember their original shape. If a nickel-titanium wire or sheet is deformed, the change in the crystal structure (phase transition) causes the shape memory alloy to become hotter.
If the stressed sample is allowed to relax after temperature equalization with the environment, it undergoes substantial cooling to about 20 degrees below ambient temperature.
The basic idea this research team had was to remove heat from a space by allowing a pre-stressed shape memory material to relax and thus cool significantly. The German Research Foundation (DFG) has agreed to invest a further 500,000 euros into the project. In total, 950,000 euros have been injected so far.
If the stressed sample is allowed to relax after temperature equalization with the environment, it undergoes substantial cooling to about 20 degrees below ambient temperature.
The basic idea this research team had was to remove heat from a space by allowing a pre-stressed shape memory material to relax and thus cool significantly. The German Research Foundation (DFG) has agreed to invest a further 500,000 euros into the project. In total, 950,000 euros have been injected so far.