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Experimental cabinet-boundary energy and exergy analysis of a cabinet-integrated direct-expansion refrigeration system for data center applications. 

Auteurs : TIKTAS A., ERKEK T. Ü.

Type d'article : Article de la RIF

Résumé

Cabinet-integrated direct-expansion (DX) refrigeration is increasingly adopted for high-density server racks; however, its thermodynamic effectiveness remains insufficiently characterized because conventional coefficient of performance (COP) metrics do not resolve cabinet-side irreversibilities, airflow penalties, or humidity-driven latent effects. This study applies a cabinet-boundary moist-air exergy framework to a 10 kW split DX rack integrated system, defining the useful cooling product at the supply–return air interface and explicitly ac counting for cabinet fan power. Experimental evaluation of 24 steady-state cases, covering two refrigerants (R410A and R454B), two IT heat loads (6 and 9 kW), and inverter-driven part-load operation, yields COP values of 2.18–4.73 and cabinet-boundary exergy efficiencies of 0.35–0.75, revealing a pronounced non-monotonic COP–ηₑₓ relationship. Component-resolved analysis identifies the compressor and cabinet-integrated evapo rator as the dominant sources of irreversibility, accounting on average for approximately 50 % and 33 % of total exergy destruction, respectively. Elevated return-air humidity increases evaporator exergy destruction by 8–12 %, a penalty not captured by COP-based evaluation. A multi-objective Pareto–TOPSIS analysis identifies Case 22 (R454B, 9 kW, 4692 rpm) as the optimal compromise between energy efficiency and thermodynamic effec tiveness. The results establish cabinet-boundary moist-air exergy analysis as a physically grounded and experi mentally validated diagnostic framework for design and control optimization of rack-integrated DX systems.

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Format PDF

Pages : 18

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    20 €

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Détails

  • Titre original : Experimental cabinet-boundary energy and exergy analysis of a cabinet-integrated direct-expansion refrigeration system for data center applications. 
  • Identifiant de la fiche : 30034928
  • Langues : Anglais
  • Sujet : Technologie
  • Source : International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 187
  • Date d'édition : 07/2026
  • DOI : http://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2026.106924

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