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Impacts potentiels des restrictions de CFCs sur les matériels de refroidissement et de conditionnement d'air.

Potential impacts of CFC restrictions on refrigeration and space-conditioning equipment.

Auteurs : CRESWICK F. A., FISCHER S. K., SAND J. R.

Type d'article : Article, Article de la RIF

Résumé

Several organizations have recently surveyed alternatives to the use of CFC compounds in refrigeration and space-conditioning applications. ORNL has conducted a preliminary analysis of potential energy-use impacts and an industry survey of R & D needs in response to CFC restrictions. Of the restricted compounds, R11 and R12 will have the major impact due to their wide use in automotive air conditioning, domestic and commercial refrigeration, and centrifugal chillers. Alternative refrigerants available in the short term include R22, R500, R502, and certain blends, but these are not suitable substitutes for all applications. R134a and R123 are environmentally acceptable substitutes which appear promising for new equipment, but information on them is preliminary and they will not be commercially available for several years. Blends of previously unused compounds present additional possibilities. Provided that the new refrigerants prove to be fully acceptable substitutes, long-term adverse energy-use impacts on new equipment will be minor. Impacts will be severe if identified substitutes prove to be unacceptable or if R22 is also restricted in the future. However, significant penalties may be incurred by the use of substitute insulation materials in appliances and buildings. Substitute refrigerants for existing equipment may be a major problem. Generation of comprehensive and accurate information on the engineering properties and health effects of R 134a and R 123 is an urgent R & D need. Cooperative efforts are needed. The potential use of refrigerant mixtures needs to be explored as replacement substitutes and for efficiency and modulation benefits that can be derived by the use of non-azeotropic mixtures. Alternative cycles need to be re-examined as back-up substitutes.

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Format PDF

Pages : 217-221

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Détails

  • Titre original : Potential impacts of CFC restrictions on refrigeration and space-conditioning equipment.
  • Identifiant de la fiche : 30001598
  • Langues : Anglais
  • Source : International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 11 - n. 4
  • Date d'édition : 07/1988

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