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Frigorigènes naturels dans les pays en développement, problèmes et suggestions.

Natural refrigerants in developing countries, problems and suggestions.

Auteurs : CICONKOV R.

Résumé

Some figures for the developing world are presented: population, energy demand, CO2 emissions, HCFCs and HFCs consumptions. The developing countries are classified in Article 5 of Montreal Protocol with corresponding commitments for phase-out of CFCs and HCFCs. Because the role of the Montreal Protocol is very important its structure and functioning are explained (Executive Committee, Multilateral Fund and TEAP) together with the implementing agencies (UNEP, UNDP, UNIDO and World Bank). The author analyzes the projects supported by the Montreal Protocol and gives comments on the policy and recommendations regarding replacement technologies for CFCs and HCFCs. In 2007 for first time it is mentioned to consider the climate change in replacement technologies, but until today there is confusion how to implement this in practice. The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of Kyoto Protocol is used for GHG reduction in developing countries. However, it is disused in the CDM projects for destruction of HFC-23. The reasons why natural refrigerants are used in a very small number of applications in developing countries are explained. These are: a lack of information on new technologies with natural refrigerants, high first cost of equipment, proper information on safety, incorrect measures of international community, importing second-hand equipment from developed countries. The author proposes some suggestions such as: promotion of technologies with natural refrigerants, demonstration refrigerating systems in every country, education and training for safe operation, activities with national RAC associations, introduction of standards and regulations in the RAC sector, incentives etc. Without technical and financial support, success in using natural refrigerants cannot be expected.

Documents disponibles

Format PDF

Pages : 2010-2

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    20 €

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    Gratuit

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Détails

  • Titre original : Natural refrigerants in developing countries, problems and suggestions.
  • Identifiant de la fiche : 2010-1756
  • Langues : Anglais
  • Sujet : Réglementation, Pays en développement
  • Source : 9th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Working Fluids (GL2010). Proceedings. Sydney, Australia, April 12-14, 2010.
  • Date d'édition : 12/04/2010

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