A review of mist air evaporative cooling systems for enhanced refrigeration and air conditioning performance.

Energy-efficient Evaporative Cooling Systems (ECS) emerge as environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional refrigeration systems. Energy-efficient evaporative cooling systems work optimally in warm and dry conditions to provide effective cooling solutions that require much less energy during periods of heightened energy demands and climate change concerns. The paper examines operational performance of cooling systems through environmental benefits and major technological advances in hybrid systems and advanced nozzle designs integrated with artificial intelligence optimization. Key findings highlight their effectiveness in reducing ambient temperatures, enhancing thermal comfort in indoor and outdoor spaces, and significantly improving energy efficiency, especially in hot-dry environments. The ability of these systems to function in both urban and industrial settings broadened through their integration with existing refrigeration systems but their benefits remain limited in addressing high water use and mineral build-up while requiring regular maintenance. Future research should focus on addressing water management challenges, optimizing system performance, and leveraging emerging technologies for enhanced efficiency and environmental impact.