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Copenhagen 1992: a revision or a landmark? Development in international agreements and regulations.

Author(s) : KUIJPERS L. J. M.

Type of article: Article, IJR article

Summary

During the recent Copenhagen conference, which was the Fourth Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol, a large number of issues were dealt with. As a part of a 31 decisions package, decisions for adjustments and an amendment to the Montreal Protocol have been taken. CFCs, carbon tetrachloride and methyl chloroform will be phased out by the end of 1995. HCFCs and methyl bromide have become controlled substances; for HCFCs a reduction scheme has been decided that implies a virtual phase-out by 2020, and a complete phase-out by 2030. The functioning of the financial mechanism for the assistance of developing countries has become a very important issue in these negotiations. The Parties have decided on a Multilateral Fund for the period 1993-1996, In the near future a large number of specific items will have to be investigated by the UNEP assessment panels, and in particular by the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel. These relate to essential uses, the halon bank, recycling and recovery, the use of and the substitutes for methyl bromide, and the uses for HCFCs. In this paper a review will be given of the 1991 assessment, of the relevant decisions taken in Copenhagen, of the financial mechanism for the developing countries, and of the future tasks for the assessment panels. More than just a revision of the Protocol, the Copenhagen Meeting has become a landmark that relates to a new way of dealing with halocarbon compounds in a declining 'CFC society'. In particular, for the refrigeration area, the paper highlights some of the phenomena that play a role in the selection of refrigerants as long-term viable substitutes, and the possible consequences for applications in equipment. Given all kinds of drivers for the tcchnology, the future is characterized by more uncertainties than certainties.

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Pages: 210-220

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Details

  • Original title: Copenhagen 1992: a revision or a landmark? Development in international agreements and regulations.
  • Record ID : 30001897
  • Languages: English
  • Subject: Regulation
  • Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 16 - n. 3
  • Publication date: 1992/05

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