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Cooling performance of encapsulated ice plates used for the underground refuge chamber.

• Author(s) : XU X., ZHENG X., YOU S., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/02/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Ice, Cooling, Energy storage, Underground, Simulation, Plate, Performance, Encapsulation
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 112

IIR document

Safety and reliability assessment of CO2 refrigeration system for underground applications below -50 °C.

• Author(s) : BARROCA P., VERLAAT B., HAFNER A., BLUST S., HULEK W., ZWALINSKI L., TEIXEIRA D.
• Publication date: 2021/09/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : CO2, R744, Accelerator, Particle, Safety, Underground, Prototype, Design, Expérimentation, Low temperature
• Source: 9^th IIR Conference on Ammonia and CO₂ Refrigeration Technologies. Proceedings: Ohrid, North Macedonia, 16-17 September, 2021
• Formats : PDF

Numerical modeling and optimization of an insulation system for underground thermal energy storage.

• Author(s) : KIM H., PARK D., PARK E. S., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/12/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Heat transfer, Temperature, Underground storage, Performance, Optimization, Mineral wool, Multilayer insulation, Thermal energy storage
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 91

Numerical evaluation on the effects of soil freezing on underground temperature variations of soil around ground heat exchangers.

• Author(s) : YANGA W., KONGA L., CHEN Y.
• Publication date: 2015/01/22
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Geothermy, Temperature variation, Heat transfer, Underground, Heat pump, Modelling, Ground freezing
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 75

Using a mine dewatering system to increase cooling capacity and energy recovery of underground refrigeration plant: a case study.

• Author(s) : OBRACAJ D., SZLAZAK N., KORZEC M.
• Publication date: 2022/12
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Mine, Case study, Underground, Waste heat, Heat recovery, Chiller, Heat pump, Poland
• Source: Energies - vol. 15 - 24
• Formats : PDF

Klimatizacija podzemnih objekata posebne namjene. na primeru objekta "D-0".

Air-conditioning of underground installations for special purpose. Case study “D-0“ facility.

• Author(s) : TOVAROVIC A.
• Publication date: 2014/12/03
• Languages : Serbian
• Keywords : Operation, Military application, Design, Republic of Serbia, Underground, History, Case study, Development, Thermal comfort, Air conditioning
• Source: Zbornik radova. 45. Medunarodnikongres i izložba o grejanju hladenju i klimatizaciji./ Proceedings. 45th International congress and exhibition on heating, refrigeration and air conditioning (HVAC&R).
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Heat from Underground Energy London (Heat FUEL).

• Author(s) : LAGOEIRO H. R. P., CURRY D., FAULKS G., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

Ventilation system design of an underground car park.

• Author(s) : GOMAA S. M., KHALIL E. E.
• Publication date: 2017/07/20
• Languages : English
• Source: 8th international conference on compressors and refrigeration, 2017.
• Formats : PDF

Current developments and challenges of underground mine ventilation and cooling methods.

• Author(s) : KAMYAR A., AMINOSSADATI S. M., LEONARDO C., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/02/10
• Languages : English
• Source: 2016 Coal Operators' Conference
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Evaporative cooling system with natural refrigerant at -50 ℃ and 100 m underground.

• Author(s) : BARROCA P., HAFNER A., PARDINAS A., VERLAAT B., ZWALINSKI L., HULEK W., PETAGNA P., HANF P., BATTISTIN M.
• Publication date: 2020/12/07
• Languages : English
• Source: 14^th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2020). Proceedings. Kyoto, Japon, December 7-9^th 2020.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

The ICARUS T600 liquid argon detector operation in the underground Gran Sasso Laboratory.

• Author(s) : VIGNOLI C.
• Publication date: 2014/04/07
• Languages : English
• Source: Cryogenics 2014. Proceedings of the 13^th IIR International Conference: Prague, Czech Republic, April 7-11, 2014.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Interactions of ground source heat pumps with nearby underground railway tunnels in an urban environment.

• Author(s) : REVESZ A., CHAER I., THOMPSON J., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Thermal performance of underground heat exchanger for ground source heat pump that uses direct expansion method.

• Author(s) : OKAZAWA R., TAKEDA T., ISHIGURO S.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

A novel geothermal heat pump system integrated with underground thermal storage for shifting building electric demands.

• Author(s) : SHI L., QU M., LIU X.
• Publication date: 2021/08/31
• Languages : English
• Source: 13^th IEA Heat Pump Conference 2021: Heat Pumps – Mission for the Green World. Conference proceedings [full papers]
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Numerical investigation of a novel phase-change renewable energy system for underground mine heating and cooling.

• Author(s) : AKHTAR S., SASMITO A. P., MADISEH A.
• Publication date: 2018/05/21
• Languages : English
• Source: 12^th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning. Proceedings: Orford, Canada, May 21-23, 2018.
• Formats : PDF

London: a look underground

Despite a £100 000 prize and several thousand entries from all over the world, the competition launched in London to find innovative new solutions to cool its underground system has failed to find a winner. The competition was first reported by...

• Publication date : 2005/09/30

Underground storage of liquid CO2

Dispensing of CO2 by storing it underground usually implies placing it in aquifer rocks deep enough (-800 m) to achieve sufficient pressure to maintain the CO2 in a supercritical (fluid) phase. This approach has many shortcomings as in this form,...

• Publication date : 2006/11/15

Underground river to cool the London tube

The "Cooling the Tube" competition in 2003, promising GBP 100 000 to those finding a workable solution to cool the Tube, received 3400 entries. Modern systems with large tunnels and surface lines can be cooled using air-cooling systems. However,...

• Publication date : 2005/02/11

Ammonia and hard ice revolutionizing the mining industry

Temperatures in mines can exceed 60°C, so keeping the underground cool and safe for workers represents an enormous challenge for the mining industry.

• Publication date : 2015/05/12

CERN milestone

CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research and a corporate member of the IIR, has announced that an important milestone was reached in August 2005 with the installation of the two largest magnets ever built for experiments at CERN. On...

• Publication date : 2005/10/26

Green buildings: Darmstadtium

Darmstadtium features pioneering energy-saving and environmental technologies. For instance, a "Calla" - a flower-like funnel-shaped glass roof - in the heart of the building collects rainwater, lets in daylight and sucks in fresh air. Cooling is...

• Publication date : 2008/07/11

Mine cooling

Cooling the world's deepest single-shaft mine: cooling Anglogold Mponeng gold mine in Gauteng, South Africa, is a challenge - the mine is 3.68 km deep and without cooling, temperatures can reach 60°C at the mine face. Six 3.5 MW Eco-Vim...

• Publication date : 2006/01/28

Supercooling the LHC

CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the new research instrument of the world's elementary particle physics community. This discovery-making machine will explore the structure of matter and basic forces of nature on a scale never attained before....

• Publication date : 2007/02/12

Bunker under highly controlled-atmosphere to measure Earth’s rotation

Equipment with extremely stable laser requires perfect mastery of air pressure and temperature.

• Publication date : 2012/08/30

Martinique: a geothermal cooling network project

Storengy and TLS Geothermics have been granted a research permit to explore the subsoil of Martinique and the potential of geothermal energy. Engie Solutions will bring its expertise in heating and cooling...

• Publication date : 2021/09/03
• Subjects: Environment

ICR2011 highlights: cooling particle detectors

Cooling systems for particle detectors attracted interest at the IIR’s Congress in Prague in August 2011. These highly specific applications have very strict requirements compared with standard cooling systems: refrigerants should be resistant to...

• Publication date : 2012/02/21

Trigeneration for new MediaCityUK

MediaCityUK, based at Salford Quays, on Manchester’s historic Ship Canal, is a new media enterprise zone for northern England. The BBC relocated five of its departments from London to the site in 2011.

• Publication date : 2012/07/17

Windcatchers: the birth of air conditioning and natural refrigeration?

Windcatchers, which can reduce indoor temperatures by around 10°C and store water at near-freezing temperatures during summer months, have been used over centuries in many regions around the world.

• Publication date : 2018/11/22

Recent geothermal energy-based district cooling projects

In December 2023, district cooling projects using geothermal energy were launched in France and the United Arab Emirates.

• Publication date : 2024/01/25
• Subjects: Technology

Innovative solutions to reduce cooling needs for data centres

As the world’s demand for data continues to expand, the creation of new data centres poses the issue of cooling. Innovative solutions using renewable energy sources and heat recovery are presented...

• Publication date : 2020/05/27
• Subjects: Technology

IIR Member news: Star Refrigeration installs ammonia chillers in an indoor skiing facility

After 90 years of existence, indoor skiing now uses modern and energy efficient technologies. Star Refrigeration participates in this evolution with its ammonia chillers.

• Publication date : 2018/12/27