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A review of the state of the art of the cryogenic magnetocaloric systems for gas liquefaction.

Author(s) : CIRILLO L., GARGIULO S., GRECO A., MASSELLI C., ORABONA V., VERNEAU L.

Type of article: IJR article

Summary

The liquefaction of hydrogen, essential for its storage and transport in a high energy density form, requires efficient and reliable cryogenic cooling technologies capable of reaching temperatures below 20 K. Magnetocaloric refrigeration, based on the magnetocaloric effect, has emerged as a viable alternative to conventional vapor-compression and Joule-Thomson cooling cycles, offering the potential for higher efficiency, compactness, and environmentally benign operation. This review provides a detailed and systematic analysis of magnetocaloric cooling systems developed for operation in the cryogenic regime, with particular emphasis on their application to hydrogen liquefaction. A wide framework of the state-of-the-art in device design, including active magnetic regenerative cooling cycles and staged cascades optimized for deep cryogenic spans is presented. Thermodynamic modelling approaches are discussed to elucidate the performance limitations and optimization strategies for sub-80 K magnetic refrigeration cycles and a critical evaluation of magnetocaloric materials is also presented. The aim of this comprehensive review is to identify the route for developing system configurations for
advancing magnetocaloric hydrogen liquefaction technology with the most promising materials and highlight key challenges and opportunities for future research in this field.

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Pages: 20 p.

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Details

  • Original title: A review of the state of the art of the cryogenic magnetocaloric systems for gas liquefaction.
  • Record ID : 30034348
  • Languages: English
  • Subject: Technology
  • Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 179
  • Publication date: 2025/11
  • DOI: http://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.08.007

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