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Simulation of flow and heat transfer in liquid-hydrogen tank with a thermodynamic vent system.

Author(s) : CHAO D. F., SANKOVIC J. M., MOTIL B. J., et al.

Summary

For long term storage of cryogens in a space mission, the thermal gradients result in excessive tank pressure rise and the formation of undesirable liquid-vapour mixtures within the bulk liquid in the tank. Because the ullage location in microgravity environments is no longer always at the top of the tank as in normal gravity environment and is not easily predictable, direct gaseous venting to reject heat is not available in space. An indirect venting manner through using a thermodynamic vent system (TVS) has been developed to effectively control the rise of excessive tank pressure and prevent the formation of undesirable liquid-vapour mixtures produced by evaporation in the bulk liquid and in relevant transfer tubes in microgravity environments. The TVS concept defined by Rockwell International consists of a recirculation pump and a simple heat exchanger mounted on a spray injection system. As a core problem of the TVS, the function of the spray bar in the tank and the effects of the liquid spray injection on the flow and temperature fields in the tank are the most interested issues which are critically concerned by engineers designing spray-bar in TVS for space and other industrial applications involving long term storage of the subcritical cryogenics. The numerical simulation can give the density, temperature, velocity vector, stream function, and pressure fields at any predetermined time, which are very useful for understanding of the function and operation of the spray bar in a TVS.

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Pages: ICR07-D1-807

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Details

  • Original title: Simulation of flow and heat transfer in liquid-hydrogen tank with a thermodynamic vent system.
  • Record ID : 2008-0021
  • Languages: English
  • Source: ICR 2007. Refrigeration Creates the Future. Proceedings of the 22nd IIR International Congress of Refrigeration.
  • Publication date: 2007/08/21

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