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IIR document

Measurements of pρTx and specific heat capacity cv for (R290 + R1243zf) binary mixtures at temperatures from (292 to 350) K and pressures up to 11 MPa.

• Author(s) : SHENG B., DONG X., ZHAO Y., LI Z., YAN H., ZHONG Q., WANG J., GONG M., SHEN J.
• Publication date: 2020/04
• Languages :
• Keywords : R290, Propane, R1234zf, Thermodynamic property, Temperature, Pressure, Heat capacity, Expérimentation, Mixture
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 112
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Cryogenic high-pressure thermomechanical pressurizer.

• Author(s) : SYMONENKO I., CHYHRIN A., KOSTENKO Y.
• Publication date: 2023/04/25
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Compressor, Cryogenics, High pressure, Heat transfer, Prototype
• Source: Cryogenics 2023. Proceedings of the 17^th IIR International Conference, Dresden, Germany, april 25-28 2023
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

A novel dual pressure-temperature interpolation model for mathematically exact adsorption equilibrium for performance simulation of integrated absorption-adsorption refrigeration system using the MIL-101(Cr)/ water pair.

• Author(s) : QADIR N. U., BAHAIDARAH H.
• Publication date: 2026/02
• Languages :
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 182
• Formats : PDF

RACHP Systems: the pressure equipment (safety) regulations and pressure equipment directive

• Author(s) : IoR
• Publication date: 2021/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Refrigerating equipment, Safety, Pressure, Flammability, Regulations
• Formats : PDF, Website

IIR document

A hydrostatic pressurization test of high pressure helium gas storage vessels at IPR.

• Author(s) : SHARMA R., TANNA V., PATEL J. C., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/05/15
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Safety, Liquid helium, Control (automatic), Pressure, Testing
• Source: Cryogenics 2017. Proceedings of the 14^th IIR International Conference: Dresden, Germany, Mai 15-19, 2017.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Saturation pressure measurements of the new refrigerant HFO1132(E).

• Author(s) : PERERA U., THU K., MIYAZAKI T., SAKODA N., HIGASHI Y.
• Publication date: 2021/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R1132(E), Saturation, Pressure, Critical pressure, Thermodynamic property, Expérimentation, HFO
• Source: 2^nd IIR Conference on HFO Refrigerants and Low GWP Blends
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Experimental investigation on ejector performance near critical back pressure.

• Author(s) : WANG L., WANG C., HOU W., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Performance, Modelling, Pressure, Expérimentation, Ejector
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 80
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Effects of temperature and pressure on the surface tension of low viscose lubricants in high pressure atmospheres.

• Author(s) : GÖPFERT T., THOMAS C., HESSE U.
• Publication date: 2017/04/23
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Measurement, Lubricant, Surface tension, Temperature, Polyester, Mixture, Pressure, Refrigerant, Compressor
• Source: 5^th IIR Conference on Thermophysical Properties and Transfer Processes of Refrigerants.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Measurements of saturation pressures for the novel refrigerant R1132(E).

• Author(s) : PERERA U., SAKODA N., MIYAZAKI T., THU K., HIGASHI Y.
• Publication date: 2022/03
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Air conditioning, Thermodynamic property, HFO, Low GWP, Saturation, Vapour pressure, Critical pressure, R1132(E), Expérimentation, Substitute
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 135
• Formats : PDF

Database of equilibrium vapor pressures for sorption materials.

• Author(s) : GLUESENKAMP K. R., YANG Z., FRAZZICA A.
• Publication date: 2017/08/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Vapour pressure, Adsorption, Sorption, Simulation, Material, Expérimentation
• Source: International sorption heat pump conference, ISHPC 2017, Tokyo august 7-10.

IIR document

Saturated pressure measurements of cis-pentafluoroprop-1-ene (R1225ye(Z)).

• Author(s) : FEDELE L., DI NICOLA G., BROWN J. S., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Measurement, Vapour, R1234ye, Pressure, Refrigerant
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 69
• Formats : PDF

Modeling of the microbial inactivation by high hydrostatic pressure freezing.

• Author(s) : MARESCA P., FERRARI G.
• Publication date: 2017/03
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Food, Bacteria, High pressure, Expérimentation, Freezing
• Source: Food Control The International Journal of HACCP and Food Safety - vol. 73

IIR document

Stepped pressure cycle. A new approach to Lorenz cycle.

• Author(s) : CAO X., ZHANG C. L., ZHANG Z. Y.
• Publication date: 2017/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R134a, Lorentz, R32, Pressure, Expérimentation, Cycle, COP, Refrigerant
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 74
• Formats : PDF

Investigation of screw compressors for low pressure ratio applications.

• Author(s) : LU Y., KOVACEVIC A., READ M., BUCKNEY D., ENDO Y.
• Publication date: 2021/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Screw compressor, Performance, Geometry, Low pressure, Modelling, Compression
• Source: 12^th International Conference on Compressors and their Systems
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Experimental frictional pressure gradient of R455A in multiport mini-channel tubes.

• Author(s) : HOANG H. N., OH J. T., KIM J. K.
• Publication date: 2025/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R455A, Pressure drop, Minichannel, Mixture, Comparison
• Source: 1^st IIR International Conference on Refrigeration Adapting to Rising Temperatures
• Formats : PDF

Increasing pressure on HFCs

Policy-makers worldwide are increasing pressure to reduce HFC use.

• Publication date : 2011/12/05
• Subjects: Regulation

Pressure exchanger enhances efficiency of CO2 refrigeration systems

A new pressure exchanger technology, adapted from the desalination industry, offers significant energy efficiency improvements for CO2 refrigeration systems, addressing challenges of high energy...

• Publication date : 2024/12/02

GEA AWP develops a new high-pressure float valve for NH3 and CO2

The Company GEA AWP has introduced an innovative mechanical high-pressure float valve designed for industrial refrigeration systems using NH3 and CO2. 

• Publication date : 2025/01/17

Japan: update of the High Pressure Gas Safety Act

Since July 2017, revisions of this regulation expedite the adoption of alternative refrigerants with lower GWP.

• Publication date : 2018/01/02
• Subjects: Regulation

A cryogenic distillation column

A high-pressure cryogenic distillation column which replicates a key component of a liquefied natural gas (LNG) plant has been developed in Australia.

• Publication date : 2018/08/08

Refrigeration thanks to plastic crystals

Researchers have found that "plastic crystals" undergo particularly high temperature variations when subjected to pressure changes. These materials could be used for the development of the promising technology of barocaloric refrigeration.

• Publication date : 2019/04/30

Bunker under highly controlled-atmosphere to measure Earth’s rotation

Equipment with extremely stable laser requires perfect mastery of air pressure and temperature.

• Publication date : 2012/08/30

Liquid nitrogen for French cuisine

The system uses the natural pressure of nitrogen during evaporation according to a vertical discharge principle.

• Publication date : 2015/03/12

Lighting systems for cold stores

Various types of lighting exist for below 0°C temperature cold stores including mercury vapor (MV) lamps, high pressure sodium (HPS) and light-emitting diodes (LED).

• Publication date : 2014/03/28

Is an ‘isochoric freezing’ revolution really in the offing?

Comparing isochoric freezing to classical isobaric freezing and new terminology proposal based on the conclusions of a group of IIR experts.

• Publication date : 2023/03/13
• Subjects: Technology

The benefits of 3D printing in refrigeration and air conditioning

The various applications of 3D printing in the field of refrigeration and air conditioning highlight possible tremendous advantages in terms of energy efficiency and cost minimisation.

• Publication date : 2020/05/27
• Subjects: Technology

Cryogenics: Energy Saving for Cryogenic Systems

The Cryogenics Group in the Accelerator Engineering Department of the Accelerator Division of Thomas Jefferson's National Accelerator Facilities has discovered a way of cutting the energy consumption of the compressors involved in cryocooling. The...

• Publication date : 2007/05/04

Better air in planes - at last!

A series of technical changes is making it possible to improve the quality of cabin air in airplanes which until now has been invariably dry and poor in oxygen. The reason: the air was derived from the jet engines. This so-called "bleed air" is...

• Publication date : 2007/02/12

Refrigerated delivery vehicles: device facilitates door closing

In order to avoid unwanted temperature rises due to awkward door closing, an EPDM valve has been designed by the German company Maagtechnic.

• Publication date : 2011/10/03

The heart inspires a new cooling system

In August 2004, at the Micro Nano Breakthrough Conference in Portland, engineers from Oregon State University in the US, presented a new successful desorption system using branching microchannels. The system was inspired by the human blood pumping...

• Publication date : 2004/09/14

New IIR publications: Properties of Secondary Working Fluids for Indirect Systems

This expanded 2nd edition responds to rising use of secondary refrigerant systems used in many applications. It comprises comprehensive data on a number of aqueous solutions of ethylene and propylene glycol, ethanol, glycerol, ammonia, chlorides...

• Publication date : 2010/05/27

News from IIR members: Alfa Laval

Alfa Laval is providing solutions for the fast-expanding CO2 market and has launched two new brazed heat exchanger models designed for transcritical CO2 systems for transport refrigeration, commercial refrigeration and heat-pump applications. The...

• Publication date : 2009/12/09

Valuable publications: Refrigeration and Air Conditioning

A new edition of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning, fully revised and updated by Guy Hundy was published in July 2008. This 392-page book is an introductory text and ideal for new entrants to the industry, particularly suited to students and...

• Publication date : 2009/05/18

International events: Antony

The 1st IIR Workshop on Refrigerant Charge Reduction in Refrigerating Systems was held in Antony, France, on April 6-7, 2009. Besides charge reduction, key topics covered included enhancement of heat and mass transfer, pressure and oil issues and...

• Publication date : 2009/05/18

News from IIR members: Air Liquide

Air Liquide and VitalAire are launching a new, personalized support programme for sleep apnoea patients. This disorder affects 1.5 million people in France, and 5% of the world's adult population. Eight out of 10 persons suffering from this...

• Publication date : 2009/05/18

IIR Conference: Auckland

Innovative Equipment and Systems for Comfort and Food Preservation , an IIR conference, will be held in Auckland, New Zealand, on February 16-18, 2006. Deadlines: June 1, 2005 for abstracts and September 16, 2005 for papers. December 9, 2005:...

• Publication date : 2005/06/14

New IIR publication

The CD-ROM proceedings of Ammonia Refrigerating Systems, Renewal and Improvement, an IIR conference held in Ohrid, Macedonia (FYROM), on May 6-8, 2005, comprise 29 papers spanning a wide range of ammonia applications. Key topics: past, present and...

• Publication date : 2005/07/19

Heat pumps, the central theme of the recent IIR Congress

An overview of the research carried out in the field of heat pumps, with the aim of achieving greater flexibility and increased energy efficiency, in particular through to the use of thermal energy...

• Publication date : 2023/10/24

Download the latest technical papers from the IIR Cryogenics Conference

Held on 8-11 April this year, the 15th IIR Cryogenics Conference welcomed over 120 guests from more than 22 countries.

• Publication date : 2019/07/02

Member news: Efficient Energy has been rewarded for its remarkable growth over the last 4 years

Energy Efficient, an IIR corporate member, ranked third in the latest Deloitte Technology Fast 50 in Germany. This ranking rewards companies based on the percentage increase in their revenue over the last four...

• Publication date : 2021/12/15
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Member news : Danfoss launches thermostatic expansion valve for CO2

Danfoss has recently launched a thermostatic expansion valve for CO2, based on its TE2 valve. It is suitable for small to medium size remote refrigeration systems such as cold rooms and display...

• Publication date : 2022/10/27

Engagement of an External Copyright Specialist

1. Background and Context The International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) is an intergovernmental organisation whose mission includes the production, dissemination, and promotion of scientific and technical...

• Publication date : 2026/04/28

REAL Alternatives 4 LIFE achievements!

After 3 years of hard work, the REAL Alternatives 4 LIFE consortium is pleased to announce the achievements of this European funded project to develop an EU-wide training on alternative low GPW...

• Publication date : 2020/06/29
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

News from IIR members: Alfa Laval

Two major Belgian supermarket chains have recently ordered Alfa Laval's air gas coolers, and three of them have already been installed. Both supermarkets were specifically searching for cooling systems compatible with CO2 to reduce their energy...

• Publication date : 2013/02/22

IIR member news: Star Refrigeration

After a year’s research project into low GWP cooling, Star Refrigeration proposes a new chiller using R1234ze.

• Publication date : 2014/02/03

Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : Blends, HFCs, HFO et HCFO

Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : Blends, HFO et HCFO

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Blends

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs