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Techno-economic assessment of ozonation in open cooling towers.

Author(s) : LUBIS A., MANALU B. N., FADILLAH M. H., ARRAZAQ A. F. A., PRASETYO R. R., GIANNETTI N., ALHAMID M. I.

Type of article: IJR article

Summary

Cooling towers are essential for industrial heat dissipation but suffer from scaling, corrosion, and biofouling. Conventional chemical treatments mitigate these issues but incur high operational costs and environmental risks. This study evaluates ozonation as a sustainable and cost-effective alternative. A 15-day comparative experiment was conducted on a lab-scale open-loop cooling tower. Three scenarios were tested, namely an untreated control, daily chemical slug dosing (phosphonate inhibitor and biocide), and continuous ozonation (1.3 g/h). Performance was evaluated by tracking water quality parameters (TDS, EC, pH) and scaling indices (LSI, RSI, POSI). Ozonation proved superior, actively reducing TDS (264 to 172 ppm) and EC (329 to 266 μS/cm), while these parameters increased in the chemical group. Ozonation also enabled higher water reuse, achieving a maximum cycle (36.7) versus the chemical treatment (28.8). A techno-economic analysis for a 100-TR cooling tower showed that ozonation’s CAPEX (USD 5800) is recouped in just 0.8 years due to annual savings of USD 7300.

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Pages: 9

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Details

  • Original title: Techno-economic assessment of ozonation in open cooling towers.
  • Record ID : 30034920
  • Languages: English
  • Subject: Technology
  • Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 187
  • Publication date: 2026/07
  • DOI: http://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2026.106919

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