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Trans-critical carbon dioxide and ammonia: energy efficiency and basic capital cost comparison for industrial refrigeration systems.
Number: 285361
Author(s) : PISANO G.
Summary
Carbon dioxide (CO2 - R744) has for years being used as an alternative to hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) in numerous refrigeration market sectors due to its environment friendly characteristics as well as its performance figures in many applications. But until quite recently, the lack of large-scale CO2 trans-critical components has limited the application of CO2 in the industrial refrigeration segment, leaving anhydrous ammonia (NH3, R717) as the preferred choice for larger duty applications (e.g. > 500
kW). And while ammonia is an excellent refrigerant from a thermodynamic standpoint, its application can be hampered by local government regulation and, sometimes, by its associated energy efficiency drawback. For instance, local safety regulation may lead to the installation of smaller ammonia charges thus making it difficult to implement flooded configurations and thus negatively impacting the overall system energy efficiency. In recent years, however, significant technological advances, such as large-displacement 6 cylinders CO2 trans-critical compressors are enabling cost effective carbon dioxide solutions for industrial refrigeration. This paper describes a performance comparison between various CO2 and ammonia technologies applied to an industrial CO2 refrigeration system with a capacity of 3 MW.
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Details
- Original title: Trans-critical carbon dioxide and ammonia: energy efficiency and basic capital cost comparison for industrial refrigeration systems.
- Record ID : 30027550
- Languages: English
- Subject: Technology
- Source: 6th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Nantes, France, August 26-28 2020
- Publication date: 2020/08/26
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18462/iir.iccc.2020.285361
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