Maritime transport: Improving the energy efficiency of refrigeration systems

As maritime industries face growing environmental regulations, the need for energy-efficient solutions in ship refrigeration systems has become more urgent. 

 

A paper ^[1] presented at the 11^th IIR Conference on Compressors and Refrigerants in Bratislava in September 2024 explores methods for modernising refrigeration systems in maritime transport. 

 

The study focuses on two key options for improving energy efficiency: a cascade refrigeration system using hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide, and a two-stage refrigeration system using ammonia. These two solutions help reduce fuel consumption and improve energy efficiency by up to 26%.

 

The study also presents a roadmap for implementing energy management practices and conducting energy audits to comply with the International Maritime Organization (IMO) regulations.

 

The study emphasises the importance not only of retrofitting refrigeration systems but also of adopting energy management strategies to reduce environmental impact and comply with evolving standards. Energy audits play a crucial role in identifying areas for improvement, and the research provides guidelines to help shipowners comply with current and future regulations. In that regard, a key element of the study is the development of a Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) to help shipowners comply with the new regulations that came into effect in 2023. 

 

Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of innovative systems such as the combined compression-ejector refrigeration system (CCER). By integrating waste heat from a basic vapor compression refrigeration system, the CCER system can enhance performance and increase the coefficient of performance (COP) by up to 19%. This system represents a significant advancement in improving energy efficiency while maintaining low operating costs. The research also explores the adoption of natural refrigerants, promoting the transition from harmful chemicals like HCFC-22 to more sustainable alternatives, in line with international environmental protocols.

 

Continuous innovation in the maritime refrigerated transport sector is crucial to reducing energy consumption and meeting environmental requirements. By optimising existing systems, adopting energy management strategies, and prioritising eco-friendly refrigerants, shipowners can not only improve energy efficiency but also balance economic profitability with environmental responsibility. The study’s findings provide practical solutions to help the maritime sector meet the challenges of sustainability and adapt to new regulations.

 

 

Source

^[1] Khmelniuk, M., Trandafilov, V., Yakovleva, O., & Yalama, V. (2024). Analysis of methods to improve the energy efficiency for sustainable marine solutions. Paper presented at the 11^th IIR Conference on Compressors and Refrigerants, September 2024, Bratislava, Slovakia. Paper No. 0625. Link