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Applications of slush hydrogen.

Author(s) : CADY E. C.

Summary

Slush hydrogen has been investigated as a fuel for advanced aerospace vehicles for over 20 years. In this context, slush hydrogen is defined as a mixture of solid hydrogen particles in liquid hydrogen at the triple point. A slush fraction of 50% means the mixture is 50% solid particles by mass. Slush hydrogen is an attractive fuel for these vehicles because of two attributes: increased density, and increased heat capacity. The heat of fusion of the solid, together with the heat capacity of the liquid from triple point to normal boiling point, adds about 24% to the cooling (heat of vaporization) capacity of normal boiling point liquid hydrogen. The extra heat capacity is available without boiling and potential loss of liquid hydrogen, which leads to reduced quantities of fuel, smaller tanks and smaller, less costly vehicles. The paper describes, a slush test facility, its instrumentation and its operation. Along with the advantages described above, there are a number of system design issues associated with the use of slush hydrogen as a vehicle fuel. Most of these issues result from the low vapour pressure of slush hydrogen and its rather low heat of fusion. Five of these design issues are also described.

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Pages: 356-362

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Details

  • Original title: Applications of slush hydrogen.
  • Record ID : 1993-0655
  • Languages: English
  • Source: New challenges in refrigeration. Proceedings of the XVIIIth International Congress of Refrigeration, August 10-17, 1991, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
  • Publication date: 1991/08/10
  • Document available for consultation in the library of the IIR headquarters only.

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