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Freeze-drying in biological-pharmaceutical research and industry.

Gefriertrocknung in der biologisch-pharmazeutischen Forschung und Industrie.

Author(s) : OETJEN G. W.

Summary

There are three steps to freeze-drying: freezing, drying (primary and secondary drying) and packaging. One main theme is dealt with from each of the stages: freezing speed, temperature of the sublimation front during primary drying, and determination of the residual moisture at the end of primary drying before packaging.

Details

  • Original title: Gefriertrocknung in der biologisch-pharmazeutischen Forschung und Industrie.
  • Record ID : 1998-0614
  • Languages: German
  • Source: DKV-Tagungsbericht 23. 1996 Leipzig.
  • Publication date: 1996/11/20
  • Document available for consultation in the library of the IIR headquarters only.

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