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IIR document

An experimental investigation on the entire pool boiling curve of R14 under 0.1 MPa pressure.

• Author(s) : ZHAO C., GONG M. Q., DING L., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R14, Pool boiling, Pressure, Heat flux, Expérimentation, Flow, Nucleate boiling
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 41
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Experimental study on the optimum ratio of R22/R23/R14 self-cascade refrigeration system.

• Author(s) : ZHENG D., LI M. L., FENG S., XIONG X., CHEN S.
• Publication date: 2020/08/26
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Mixture, Thermodynamic property, Cascade system, Optimization, Modelling, Expérimentation, R22, R23, R14
• Source: 6^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Nantes, France, August 26-28 2020
• Formats : PDF, Video

Rheological behavior of Al2O3/R141b nanorefrigerant.

• Author(s) : MAHBUBUL I. M., KHALEDUZZAMAN S. S., SAIDUR R., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Viscosity, Rheology, Alumina, R141b, Nanorefrigerant, Nanofluid, Mixture, Expérimentation, Refrigerant
• Source: International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer - vol. 73

IIR document

An alternative analysis applied to investigate the ejector performance used in R141b jet-pump refrigeration system.

• Author(s) : THONGTIP T., APHORNRATANA S.
• Publication date: 2015/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Refrigerating system, R141b, Heat pump, Performance, Ejector
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 53
• Formats : PDF

An experimental analysis of the impact of primary nozzle geometries on the ejector performance used in R141b ejector refrigerator.

• Author(s) : THONGTIP T., APHORNRATANA S.
• Publication date: 2017/01/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Ejector system, Nozzle, Refrigerator, R141b, Performance, Expérimentation
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 110

IIR document

Structural properties of glancing angle deposited nanostructured surfaces for enhanced boiling heat transfer using refrigerant R-141b.

• Author(s) : RAY M., BHAUMIK S.
• Publication date: 2018/04
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Pool boiling, Heat transfer, Titanium, Coating (materials), R141b, Nanoparticle, Expérimentation
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 88
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Experimental evaluation of the performance of a thermodynamic vent system for a vapor–liquid storage tank with R141b as the testing fluid.

• Author(s) : HUANG Y., WANG B., CHEN Z., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Thermodynamics, HCFC, Tank, R141b, Storage, Pressure, Expérimentation, Space, Cryogenics
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 90
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Experimental study on the effect of filling ratio on an R141b two-phase thermosyphon loop with a horizontal parallel tube evaporator.

• Author(s) : YAO M., GAN Y., LUO Q., LI R., LIU R., FENG J., MAO Y., LI Y.
• Publication date: 2022/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Loop, Thermosyphon, Heat transfer, R141b, Stability, Expérimentation, Two-phase flow
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 137
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Experimental investigation into pool boiling heat transfer performance of TIO2-R141b nanofluid for horizontal low-finned U-tube.

• Author(s) : CHEN R. H., CHANG T. B.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Pool boiling, Oxide, Finned tube, Heat transfer, Titanium, R141b, Performance, Expérimentation
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Enhancement of pool boiling characteristics by an addition of nano Aluminum oxide to R-141b over a rough horizontal steel circular heater.

• Author(s) : EID E. I., KHALAF-ALLAH R. A., TOLAN M.
• Publication date: 2019/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Pool boiling, Oxide, Heat transfer coefficient, Aluminium, R141b, Nanoparticle, Nanorefrigerant, Heat flux, Expérimentation, Concentration
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 98
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Experimental study on flow boiling heat transfer and pressure drop of R245fa/R141b mixture in a horizontal microfin tube.

• Author(s) : WANG Z., LUO L., XIA X., HE N., PENG D., WU S.
• Publication date: 2020/10
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Organic Rankine cycle, Mixture, Heat transfer, Flow boiling, Pressure drop, Microfin tube, R245fa, R141b, Expérimentation
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 118
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Isothermal measurement and modeling of VLE properties for 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene + trifluoromethane + tetrafluoromethane ternary system at temperatures from 253.15 K to 273.15 K.

• Author(s) : QIN Y., LIU B., ZHANG H.
• Publication date: 2020/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Zeotropic mixture, Expérimentation, Cascade system, R1234yf, Thermodynamic property, Modelling, R23, R14
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 117
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Investigation of the solid-liquid phase equilibria for cryogenic argon-fluorocarbon mixed refrigerant.

• Author(s) : BAE J., LEE C., JEONG S.
• Publication date: 2017/04/23
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R23, R218, R14, Freezing temperature, Argon, Performance, Mixture, Expérimentation, Cryocooler, Cryogenics
• Source: 5^th IIR Conference on Thermophysical Properties and Transfer Processes of Refrigerants.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Performance of Linde-Hampson refrigerator operating with a zeotropic refrigerant for ultralow temperature applications.

• Author(s) : BARBADE S., VENKATARATHNAM G.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Linde, Zeotropic mixture, R14, R23, Vaccine, Expérimentation, Hydrocarbon, Test rig, Low temperature, Cryocooler, Propane, R290
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Study on the growth process of HCFC141b hydrate in isobaric system by a macroscopic kinetic model.

• Author(s) : KARAMODDIN M., VARAMINIAN F.
• Publication date: 2014/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Gas, R141b, Thermodynamic property, Microscopy, Hydrate, Growth
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 44
• Formats : PDF

US: R134a, R410A and R407C could be banned in chillers from 2025

AHRI and NRDC issue joint letter supporting EPA SNAP proposal to prohibit R134a, R410A and R407C in new chillers from 2025.

• Publication date : 2016/04/06
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

R32 vs HFOs as alternatives to R410A

During the IIR-co-sponsored 14thInternational Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference at Purdue, USA, in July 2012, H. Pham and R. Rajendran presented the results of an evaluation of R32, HFO1234yf, HFO1234ze and various HFO blends as...

• Publication date : 2013/01/07

Purdue highlights: R410A “drop-ins”performance

According to a paper presented at Purdue in July 2016, two new “drop-in” alternatives to R410A are said to have exhibited very similar performance in experimental tests. This paper will be available in Fridoc in te near future.

• Publication date : 2016/09/07

HFO1123: a new alternative to R410A?

Japanese firm Asahi Glass announced its own refrigerant for use in air conditioning systems, based on the new HFO molecule HFO1123.

• Publication date : 2014/04/28

Performance test results of alternative low-GWP refrigerants to R410A

Emerson Climate Technologies has published the results of drop-in tests of new low GWP refrigerants, L41b and DR5, in a R410A scroll compressor.

• Publication date : 2014/06/18

Air conditioning: which refrigerant will become the leading alternative to R410A?

R32 is being adopted widely for residential and small commercial air conditioning applications, but R466A, R452B and R454B are promising candidates, especially for larger size systems.

• Publication date : 2019/05/29
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

R410A/R22 alternatives for AC in high-ambient temperature environments: R32 and R290

The final US Oak Ridge National Laboratory report – presented during MOP27 in Dubaï – compares the performance of low-GWP alternative refrigerants to HFC R410A in mini-split air conditioners (ACs) under high-ambient-temperature conditions.

• Publication date : 2016/05/11

Performance of R32 and R290 as alternatives to R22 and R410A in domestic air conditioning

According to the authors, regardless of the capacity difference, R290 could be considered as the most appropriate substitute in air conditioners with small finned tube heat exchangers

• Publication date : 2014/09/25

Development and evaluation of a reversible CO2 residential air conditioning system compared to a state-of-the art R410a unit

This paper was presented at the IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference in Glasgow (Sep. 2004). A reversible CO2 prototype RAC split unit system was designed, built and installed in two calorimetric test chambers. The unit is based on the Lorentzen Cycle...

• Publication date : 2004/11/24

Replacement of R404A in supermarkets

R404A is particularly targeted by the EU F-gas Regulation and many refrigerant producers announced important price rises. Various option can be considered to replace it.

• Publication date : 2017/12/12
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Alternatives to replace R404A for refrigerated transport

With about 5 million refrigerated vehicles operating worldwide, there is active research and development focusing on identifying alternatives to R404A, which is traditionally used in truck and trailer...

• Publication date : 2020/09/04
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Honeywell tests new R404A replacement

Honeywell has been testing a new low-GWP refrigerant as a potential replacement for R404A in hermetically-sealed refrigeration systems

• Publication date : 2014/09/24

Refrigerated transport: R452A as a “drop-in” alternative to R404A

Two major transport refrigeration companies recently announced they will offer R452A as an alternative to R404A in their transport refrigeration units.

• Publication date : 2015/08/13
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Supermarkets: retrofit of refrigerating systems from R404A to R449A

Two examples of retrofitting supermarket refrigerating systems from R404A to R449A.

• Publication date : 2017/08/09
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

New low GWP replacement for R404A in hermetically-sealed systems

A new lower GWP replacement for R404A, which blends an HFO and an HFC with a “natural” refrigerant is to be made commercially available next year.

• Publication date : 2015/12/06

Highlights: IIR Cold Chain Conference 2020 Welcomed Over 140 Participants

Offering both on site and online access, the 6th IIR Cold Chain conference was the first ever hybrid IIR conference!

• Publication date : 2020/09/03

Member news: Koura introduces new refrigerant for air conditioning

Refrigerant manufacturer Koura recently introduced R468C, a refrigerant that could replace R410A in air conditioning systems.  

• Publication date : 2022/10/27
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

IIR member news: Carrier Transicold

Carrier Transicold, major transport refrigeration company, will offer R452A as an optional alternative to R404A.

• Publication date : 2015/04/23
• Subjects: Regulation

News from IIR members: Alfa Laval wins € 6 million energy efficiency order in Kazakhstan

Alfa Laval – a world leader in heat transfer, centrifugal separation and fluid handling – recently won an order to supply Alfa Laval Packinox heat exchangers to a refinery in Kazakhstan.

• Publication date : 2011/12/14

Conference reports: Sydney

The 9th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Working Fluids was held in Sydney, Australia, on April 12-14, 2010. Almost 200 participants from 28 countries were able to gain an insight into this increasingly mature technology. The proceedings...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants

Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...

• Last update : 2023/09/15
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : HFCs

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information