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Energy efficient heating and air conditioning concept for city cars and microcars.

Number: 2378

Author(s) : AURICH J., BAUMGART R.

Summary

The ever-increasing population especially in urban and suburban areas requires new mobility concepts. At least for the next years, the individual motor traffic will play a major role. However, there will be an increase in electric driven city cars and microcars. The energy efficient heating and air conditioning of these cars is challenging since the installation space and the battery capacity are highly limited due to the low vehicle size. In particular, under wintry conditions the heating is a critical factor regarding the energy demand and the resulting cruising range decrease. A possible solution is the installation of an energy efficient heat pump system. However, available heat pumps with R134a or R1234yf as refrigerant cannot be used at very low temperatures, e.g. below -5 °C. In contrast, systems with the refrigerant CO2 (R744) do not have this restriction, but they have a very high pressure level and they are significantly more expensive which limits their applicability especially in cost sensitive small cars. A possible solution approach is the use of propane (R290) combined with a compact air conditioning and heat pump system. This contribution starts with a comparison of different refrigerants and system concepts for the application in electric driven city cars and microcars, followed by the specific requirements for the heating and cooling of these vehicles. Afterwards, different circuits for a propane based air conditioning and heat pump system are described and simulated in detail. Furthermore, the systems are evaluated in terms of the pressures and temperatures as well as the power requirements and the energy efficiency. The paper closes with some conclusions and an outlook for future topics.

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Pages: 10 p.

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Details

  • Original title: Energy efficient heating and air conditioning concept for city cars and microcars.
  • Record ID : 30030702
  • Languages: English
  • Subject: Technology
  • Source: 2022 Purdue Conferences. 19th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
  • Publication date: 2022

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