Share

IIR document

Several motivations, improved procedures, and different contexts: the first liquefactions of helium around the world.

Author(s) : REIF-ACHERMAN S.

Type of article: Article, IJR article

Summary

Helium was the last member of the list of the so-called permanent gases to be liquefied. The main reasons for that were the very late discovery of the element on the earth's surface and its boiling point, the lowest of all substances. This account of the earliest and different methods for its liquefaction reveals, both chronologically and geographically, the technical developments involved. An effort is made to show how the availability of the natural resource, together with political circumstances and economic limitations, had different roles in specific moments of the entire history.

Available documents

Format PDF

Pages: 738-762

Available

  • Public price

    20 €

  • Member price*

    Free

* Best rate depending on membership category (see the detailed benefits of individual and corporate memberships).

Details

  • Original title: Several motivations, improved procedures, and different contexts: the first liquefactions of helium around the world.
  • Record ID : 2009-1805
  • Languages: English
  • Subject: Technology
  • Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 32 - n. 5
  • Publication date: 2009/08

Links


See other articles in this issue (38)
See the source

Indexing