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Liquefied Natural Gas Cold Energy Utilization for Land-Based Cold Water Fish Aquaculture in South Korea.
IIR document
Thermodynamic design and analysis of air-liquefied energy storage combined with LNG regasification system.
Low capacity nitrogen liquefier.
Recommended by the IIR / IIR document
Techno-economic analysis of cold energy recovery in L-CNG stations.
Cryogenic H2-cooling system for refueling vehicles.
Low-pressure liquid CO2 terminal – a model study of the loading of a liquid CO2 tanker.
Free-surface flow of liquid oxygen under non-uniform magnetic field.
Dynamic analysis of large-scale transfer operations for liquid hydrogen.
Application of industrial gases and cryogenic technology in food industry.
Numerical study of condensation heat transfer performance and liquid film distribution characteristics in small-scale helium liquefiers.
Cryogenics-based energy storage concepts: evaluation using exergy-based methods.
The ICARUS T600 liquid argon detector operation in the underground Gran Sasso Laboratory.
Hydrogen permeabilty testing of fibre reinforced thermoplastics under cryogenic conditions – a test rig concept.
Numerical investigation on precipitation characteristics of slush hydrogen in cryogenic container.
New cryogenic processes implemented for 3? medical imaging with liquid xenon.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
78 results
Global liquefied natural gas figures
According to the International Gas Union, global liquefied natural gas (LNG) trade set a new record in 2016, reaching 258 million tonnes.
First liquefied hydrogen carrier launched in Japan
In line with its commitment to pave the way for the first "Hydrogen Society", Japan intends to use this carrier to transport hydrogen from Australia, where it is produced from lignite.
Natural gas and liquefied gases in the maritime transport
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) increased its share of global gas trade carried by sea in 2014. Volumes increased by 2.5%, taking the total to 333.3 billion cubic meters.
Cruise ships and liquefied natural gas
Driven by tougher international and environmental standards, LNG is more and more used as a transportation fuel in cruise ships.
Liquefied Natural Gas for trucks is coming to France.
Several manufacturers have already entered this new promising market that could represent up to 20% of road transport in 2025.
The world’s first liquified hydrogen carrier ship en route from Japan to Australia
Since the end of December 2021, the world’s first liquefied hydrogen (LH2) carrier, the “Suiso Frontier”, is achieving its first round trip between Japan and Australia. The voyage is...
Magnetic refrigeration, a promising technology for the liquefaction of hydrogen
A keynote at the recent IIR Congress highlights magnetic refrigeration as a technology with high potential for the liquefaction of hydrogen, an essential energy vector for decarbonisation.
Comparison of oxygen liquefaction methods for use on the surface of Mars
An article published in Cryogenics reviews the various methods by which oxygen (used with methane as a propellant for ascent from the planet's surface) could be liquefied and stored on the surface of Mars.
Cryogenic carbon capture technologies
Cryogenic carbon capture is in the early stages of development, however, several projects have achieved a Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of 6, for applications such as blue...
Cryogenics 2019: NICA project aims at studying the state of matter existing shortly after the Big Bang
NICA project for a new superconducting accelerator complex in Russia attracted a lot of interest during IIR Cryogenics conference in Prague, in April 2019.
Changes in the use of cryogenic propellants in space
Near-term exploration beyond low Earth orbit will require the use of cryogenic propellants and in-space cryogenic propellant storage durations will exceed our current capabilities by at least two orders of magnitude. This will require the...
Cryogenics 2021 highlights: applications of liquid nitrogen
Cryopreservation of biological materials to favour biodiversity and cooling of superconducting cables to allow transmission of electrical energy with zero resistance are key applications of liquid...
Growing popularity of LNG as a fuel in maritime and land transport
Less than 1% of the world fleet is LNG-powered, but this figure is expected to grow at least fivefold over the coming years. Recent figures suggest that the use of liquefied natural gas (LNG) as a fuel for...
Successful test of the cryogenic engine to be used to launch India's second moon mission
The Indian Space Research Organisation has successfully tested the Cryogenic Engine CE-20, which will power GSLV Mk-III, the launch vehicle for Chandrayaan-2, India's second lunar exploration mission.
Supercomputer with advanced cooling system to support NASA moon missions
The new liquid-cooled Aitken supercomputer will run modeling and simulation workloads for lunar landings.
IIR news
50 results
New IIR Informatory Note on Liquefied Natural Gas
The latest IIR Informatory Note stresses that LNG is expected to play a major role in global energy strategies as it has many advantages and helps mitigate global warming when used instead of coal and...
Conference: Oslo
The First International Conference on Small Scale LNG in Europe, an IIR-co-sponsored event held in Oslo on September 29-30, 2005, attracted 121 experts from 18 countries. Twenty PowerPoint presentations were given. Unlike the widely used methods...
Now available: IIR Congress papers 2019
Download your copy of the ICR 2019 proceedings. Over 630 technical papers are available!
IIR member news: Air Liquide joins the fight against the Covid-19 epidemic
To deal with the Covid-19 epidemic in France, the Air Liquide group, member of the IIR, has decided to produce 10,000 respirators in 50 days.
IIR member news: Engie
Engie (formerly GDF SUEZ) LNG Solutions has opened the first Liquefied Natural Gas filling station for trucks at Leeuwarden in the north of the Netherlands.
Philippe Lebrun awarded the Samuel C. Collins Award
Philippe Lebrun, President of IIR Section A “Cryogenics and liquefied gases” and member of the IIR Management Committee, has just received the prestigious Samuel C. Collins Award.
Canada to Host LNG2023 in Vancouver
Vancouver will be the venue for the 20th International Conference & Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG2023) following the selection of the Canadian Gas...
News from IIR members: GDF-SUEZ
GDF SUEZ continues to develop its small scale liquefied natural gas (LNG) activities in North West Europe following the awarding by Fluxys of additional berthing and storage capacity long-term rights at the Zeebrugge LNG terminal.
International LNG Conference and Exhibition rescheduled to 2023
The 20th International Conference and Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas, St Petersburg, has been rescheduled to 3 – 7 July 2023 and will be rebranded as LNG2023.
New in our Encyclopedia: cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry
This summary document presents the potential applications of liquid cryogens in the pharmaceutical sector.
News from IIR members: Total
Total is the world's fourth-largest listed producer of natural gas and one of its top three liquefied natural gas suppliers and has published recent statistics on LNG. Consumption has been growing almost 3% a year for more than 30 years. According...
News from IIR members: Air Liquide: fast expansion in Turkey
Turkey has a dynamic economy with a growth rate of 9% in 2010. Its industries are developing and diversifying, and the petrochemical sector is expanding.Air Liquide recently signed a long-term contract with the Turkish petrochemical Group...
Conference update: Oran
The 16th International Conference & Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG16) will be held in Oran, Algeria, on April 18-21, 2010. Check out the programme and register for this event co-organized by the IIR:
Upcoming IIR events: Barcelona
LNG 15 - Liquefied Natural Gas, a conference co-organized by the IIR, will take place on April 24-27, 2007 in Barcelona, Spain. The IIR will be running a stand and giving out its Informatory Note on LNG:
News from IIR members: Mega project for Technip
Shell Gas & Power Developments BV is joining forces with Technip and Samsung to design, build and install multiple floating liquefied natural gas (FLNG) facilities over a period of up to 15 years. Shell and Technip-Samsung also signed a...
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
3 results
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
