Search results

Implementation, calibration and validation of a T-history experimental setup for measuring thermal properties of nano-enhanced phase change materials.

• Author(s) : PRADO J. I., CABALEIRO D., LUGO L.
• Publication date: 2020/11/11
• Languages : English
• Source: X Congreso Ibérico y VIII Congreso Iberoamericano de Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, CYTEF 2020.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

My Resignation; Some History and Future Developments in Cryogenics.

• Author(s) : SCURLOCK R.
• Publication date: 2019/05/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Generality, History, Development, Cryogenics
• Source: Cryogenics 2019. Proceedings of the 15^th IIR International Conference: Prague, Czech Republic, April 8-11, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

25 years working with ice slurry: history, current technologies and future developments.

• Author(s) : KAUFFELD M.
• Publication date: 2018/05/21
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Ice slurry, Research, Review, History, Development
• Source: 12^th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning. Proceedings: Orford, Canada, May 21-23, 2018.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR

Improving screw compressor rotors – a collaboration of manufacturing and design engineers.

• Author(s) : SAULS J. R., HOLMES C. S.
• Publication date: 2021/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : History, Generality, Screw compressor, Rotor, Geometry, Manufacture
• Source: 12^th International Conference on Compressors and their Systems
• Formats : PDF

The odyssey of air-conditioning.

• Author(s) : JAIN P. C.
• Publication date: 2016/03
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Outlook, History, Air conditioning
• Source: Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Journal - vol. 19 - n. 2
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Hydrocarbon refrigerants through the ages.

• Author(s) : COLBOURNE D.
• Publication date: 2022/06/13
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Hydrocarbon, History, Safety, Flammability, Regulations, Standard
• Source: 15^th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2022). Proceedings. Trondheim, Norway, June 13-15^th 2022.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Qualitative and quantitative changes in the use of cryo-technology during the 70-year history of the tissue bank, university hospital Hradec Kralove

• Author(s) : MERICKA P., GREGOR J., JANDOVA M.
• Publication date: 2023/04/25
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Cryopreservation, Tissue bank, Case study, Czech Republic, Liquid nitrogen, History
• Source: Cryogenics 2023. Proceedings of the 17^th IIR International Conference, Dresden, Germany, april 25-28 2023
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Past and future of natural refrigerants.

• Author(s) : PALM B.
• Publication date: 2018/06/18
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Household refrigerator, Review, Sweden, Hydrocarbon, History, Refrigerant
• Source: 13^th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2018). Proceedings. Valencia, Spain, June 18-20th 2018.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Past, present and future of refrigeration: Pathways to the next generation heating and cooling technologies

• Author(s) : ZIVIANI D., GROLL E. A.
• Publication date: 2020/07/31
• Languages : English
• Keywords : History, Refrigeration, Generality, Review, Compression system, Heat pump, Working fluid, Refrigerant, Technology
• Source: IIR Rankine Conference 2020.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Authentic form and origin of a popular predictive equation for specific heat capacity of unfrozen foods.

• Author(s) : FIKIIN K.
• Publication date: 2021/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Freezing, Frozen food, Equation of state, Heat capacity, Thermodynamic property, History
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 126
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Mega-trends in industrial refrigeration.

• Author(s) : PEARSON A.
• Publication date: 2017/05/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Technology, Refrigerating system, Industrial application, Generality, History, Environment, Development
• Source: 7^th Conference on Ammonia and CO₂ Refrigeration Technology. Proceedings: Ohrid, North Macedonia, May 11-13, 2017.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Net zero, renewables, and natural refrigerants.

• Author(s) : KUIJPERS L. J. M.
• Publication date: 2022/06/13
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Energy efficiency, CO2 emission, History, Regulations, Natural refrigerant, Sustainability, Environment
• Source: 15^th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2022). Proceedings. Trondheim, Norway, June 13-15^th 2022.
• Formats : Video, PDF

Saving History, saving energy.

• Author(s) : HELLER J.
• Publication date: 2016/04
• Languages : English
• Source: ASHRAE Journal - vol. 58 - n. 4

IIR document

Ice slurry – History, current technologies and future developments.

• Author(s) : KAUFFELD M., GUND S.
• Publication date: 2019/03
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 99
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

From past to present: a net-zero framework with various hurdles and opportunities for RACHP.

• Author(s) : KUIJPERS L. J. M.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Climate change, History, Environment, GWP, CO2 emission, Sustainability, Energy consumption, Regulations, Natural refrigerant, Refrigerant
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

Briefs: Permafrost - a glimpse of Alaska's History

In 1963, the Alkirk miner, an experimental tunnelling machine, was tested on the permanently frozen silt, sand and gravel of Hill 456, 10 miles north of Fairbanks, Alaska. The result was a man-made permafrost tunnel that runs 360 feet deep into...

• Publication date : 2009/05/18

Refrigeration is the greatest invention in the history of food and drink

The Royal Society, a pre-eminent UK national academy of science classified refrigeration as the greatest invention in the history of food and drink in a project identifying the 20 most important inventions throughout human history.

• Publication date : 2012/11/23
• Subjects: General information

Trends and Figures: Recent History of Russian Air-conditioning Trade

JARN recently published an overview of Russian AC consumption trends, based on a review of "Climate World 2006" held in Moscow last March, and which compensates for previous lack of information on the subject. The historical summary starts around...

• Publication date : 2006/11/15

History of the expansion of air conditioning in the United States

An article published in the Guardian goes through the history of air conditioning development in the United States.

• Publication date : 2019/09/30
• Subjects: General information

Prehistoric flower from the permafrost blooms again

A team of scientists has reportedly resurrected seeds of a 30 000-years-old variety of Silene stenophylla.

• Publication date : 2012/06/18

International milestone agreement on the phase-down of HFC production and consumption in Kigali

The 28th Meeting of the Parties (MOP28) to the Montreal Protocol which was held in Kigali, Rwanda, from October 10 to 14, 2016, led to an international agreement on the phase-down of the production and consumption of HFCs.

• Publication date : 2016/10/18
• Subjects: Regulation, HFCs alternatives

1924 – 2024: Celebrating 100 years of the frozen food industry

In 1924, Clarence Birdseye patented the first apparatus for freezing and packaging fish. 

• Publication date : 2024/02/26
• Subjects: General information

Refrigerated containers: state of play and perspectives

Refrigerated containers play an essential role in the maritime refrigerated transport sector; a look back at the stages of their development and the recent and future technological advances of this...

• Publication date : 2024/02/26
• Subjects: Technology

Plans to save Grimsby Ice Factory

An irreplaceable piece of industrial refrigeration history is endangered

• Publication date : 2011/11/17

Award for the first air-conditioned building in the UK

Opened in 1903, the Royal Victoria Hospital’s air conditioning system is seen as a milestone in the history of environmental engineering, cleaning the air and controlling both temperature and humidity in the hospital for the comfort of staff and...

• Publication date : 2018/12/27

Museums dedicated to refrigeration in the United States

There are several museums dedicated to refrigeration in the United States: one in Pennsylvania has just added a 1936 refrigerated wagon to its collection. 

• Publication date : 2021/11/29
• Subjects: General information

Next generation of working pairs in absorption heat pumps

The history and latest developments in working pairs for absorption heat pumps were discussed in a recent review article.

• Publication date : 2023/01/26
• Subjects: Technology

Vapour compression refrigeration for space applications

An IJR review paper presents the history of vapour-compression refrigeration systems used in microgravity environments and sets the next steps of research needed to achieve reliable...

• Publication date : 2021/01/27

Why the Montreal Protocol is the most successful environmental treaty: 40 years of global impact

2025 marks the 40th anniversary of the Montreal Protocol, a landmark international agreement. Adopted in 1987 to phase out ozone-depleting substances (ODSs), the Protocol has not only protected the...

• Publication date : 2025/09/15
• Subjects: Regulation

Restoration plans approved for Grimsby ice factory

In the UK, local council has approved plans to turn the derelict Grimsby Ice Factory into a multipurpose venue, while preserving the historical compressor room. 

• Publication date : 2024/02/09
• Subjects: General information

New IIR publication: Serving the Needs of Mankind: a History of Refrigeration

This 40-minute DVD produced for the 21 st IIR International Congress of Refrigeration held in Washington DC in August 2003 retraces the history of refrigeration from prehistoric times to today and touches on future challenges and potential...

• Publication date : 2005/06/14

IIR’s historical commitment to heat pump excellence and sustainable solutions

IIR is committed to supporting, informing and connecting scientists, policymakers, manufacturers and end-users of heat pump technologies through reference publications and dedicated...

• Publication date : 2025/10/21
• Subjects: General information

Learn about the contribution of ammonia pioneers at the IOR historical talk on November 3

Travel back in time and find out more about the early pioneers of ammonia refrigeration at the Institute of Refrigeration's (IOR) historical TechTalk to be held online on November 3.

• Publication date : 2022/10/27
• Subjects: Technology

A new era for the IIR’s archives: 2,000 historical publications now available online

As part of its campaign to promote and preserve its documentation heritage, the International Institute of Refrigeration has launched a large-scale project to digitise its historical archives. This initiative...

• Publication date : 2025/09/24
• Subjects: General information

International events: Shanghai and Prague

Two important Conferences on cryogenics took place in April 2008: the IIR co-sponsored conference ICCR2008 in Shanghai, China on April 6-9 and the IIR conference Cryogenics 2008 in Prague, Czech Republic, on April 22-25. The history of cryogenics...

• Publication date : 2008/08/12

News from IIR members: AICVF

AICVF is 100! The French Association of Air-conditioning, Ventilation and Refrigeration Engineers is celebrating its centenary in 2010. It will produce a book retracing the history of the association, and each issue of its CVC journal will...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

International events: NvVK

The Dutch Association of Refrigeration (NvVK) was founded in 1908, like the IIR with which it has been strongly linked over the years. It celebrated its 100th Anniversary in Arnhem (The Netherlands) on September 23, 2008 (in the zoo!), after...

• Publication date : 2008/10/25

Briefs: 100th Anniversary Video

IIR producing 100th Anniversary Video: have you got any interesting material? To highlight its centennial in 2008, the IIR is now producing a short video celebrating the IIR and refrigeration research around the world. A small segment of the video...

• Publication date : 2007/05/04

Obituary: Raymond Cohen

Raymond Cohen, who was Herrick Laboratories Professor Emeritus and a long-time contributor to IIR activities, passed away at the age of 96.

• Publication date : 2020/10/22

2008, Refrigeration Year

Many events and actions have already been scheduled or have already taken place in various countries in order to celebrate the IIR's centenary and the 100th anniversaries of several national associations of refrigeration (France, the Netherlands,...

• Publication date : 2008/05/13

The Centenary in Paris and future events

A joint IIR/French Refrigeration Association (AFF) conference was held in Paris on June 12, 2008 in order to celebrate the centenaries of both organizations. It was combined with the IIR statutory meetings on June 10, 11 and 13 and with various...

• Publication date : 2008/08/12

World Refrigeration Day 2025: IIR reaffirms the importance of collaboration for advancing refrigeration science, policy and industry at a landmark event

Explore the diverse materials below to learn how this successful event underscored the essential role of collaboration between science, industry, and policy in ensuring access to sustainable refrigeration for...

• Publication date : 2025/06/27
• Subjects: General information

News from IIR members: Carrier is 110!

This year marks the 110th anniversary of the invention of modern air conditioning by Willis H. Carrier on July 17, 1902.

• Publication date : 2012/08/14

Obituary: Maxime Duminil

The IIR expresses its sincere condolences to the family and relatives of Maxime Duminil, who died at the age of 96. 

• Publication date : 2021/03/29

IIR Congress 2023: The programme is now available!

The exciting 5-day programme of the upcoming IIR Congress 2023 includes 600 scientific papers, 1 plenary address, 14 keynote speakers, 21 workshops and 3 technical tours. 

• Publication date : 2023/06/29
• Subjects: General information

André Lebon

André Lebon (1859 – 1938). Membre fondateur de l’Association Internationale du Froid puis de l’Institut International du Froid

• Last update : 2025/06/17
• Langues : French
• Themes : History of refrigeration

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers