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Reduction of emissions of refrigerants and containment in systems, 14th informatory note on refrigerants.
Type of article: Informatory note
Summary
The Montreal Protocol has led to the gradual phase out of CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons) and HCFCs (hydrochlorofluorocarbons), used as refrigerants among other applications. When enforced, the Kyoto Protocol governing greenhouse gases will entail reduction of emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), and three other types of gas, including HFCs (hydrofluorocarbons). This reduction will affect the refrigeration and air-conditioning industries by imposing additional controls on: emissions of the refrigerants concerned (direct effect); CO2 emitted during the production of the energy used in refrigeration and air-conditioning (indirect effect). From this point of view, criteria such as TEWI can be useful in decision-making. Finally, safety requirements dictate that strict containment of toxic or flammable fluids in plant must be achieved. Emissions reduction has thus become even more important in the management of controlled refrigerants. This note presents a series of measures to be taken including general measures, as well as specific containment measures. Commercial and political issues are discussed and recommendations are proposed.
Available documents
Details
- Original title: Reduction of emissions of refrigerants and containment in systems, 14th informatory note on refrigerants.
- Record ID : 2000-2434
- Languages: French, English
- Subject: Figures, economy, Regulation, Environment, HFCs alternatives
- Source: IIF, Note Inf./IIR, Inf. Note/Bull. IIF-IIR/www.iifiir.org - 10 ref./vol. 79 - n. 14
- Publication date: 1999/05
- Document available for consultation in the library of the IIR headquarters only.
Links
- See also: IIR Informatory Notes on Refrigerating Technologies.
Containment of Refrigerants within Refrigeration, Air Conditioning and Heat Pump Systems, 24th Informatory Note on refrigeration technologies.
See the source
Indexing
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Themes:
CFCs;
HCFCs;
HFCs;
Containment, refrigerant charge reduction;
Refrigerants, secondary refrigerants: regulations and standards;
Refrigerants, secondary refrigerants: economics and statistics - Keywords: HCFC; Economy; CFC; Reduction; Recovery; Recommendation; World; Refrigeration industry; HFC; Environment; Greenhouse effect; Destruction; Refrigerant; Air conditioning
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Emissions from HFC-based refrigeration and air-...
- Author(s) : CLODIC D.
- Date : 1999/05/26
- Languages : English
- Source: Joint IPCC/TEAP expert meeting on options for the limitation of emissions of HFCs and PFCs. Proceedings + Meeting report.
View record
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Fluorocarbon recovery and destruction: legislat...
- Author(s) : HISASHIMA S.
- Date : 2003
- Languages : Japanese
- Source: Refrigeration - vol. 78 - n. 904
View record
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Post treatment of fluorinated refrigerants.
- Author(s) : PAULUS-LANCKRIET M.
- Date : 2000
- Languages : English
- Source: Kelvin - n. 3-4
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Destruction des CFC : dossier.
- Author(s) : HAENTJENS H., PUTAVY C., FERRAND M., et al.
- Date : 2000/11
- Languages : French
- Source: La revue pratique du froid et du conditionnement d'air - n. 887
View record
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New European regulation on ozone-depleting subs...
- Date : 2000
- Languages : English
- Source: IIF, Note Inf./IIR, Inf. Note/Bull. IIF-IIR/www.iifiir.org - vol. 80 - n. 2
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