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  • HFCs: projected emissions

    Two recent studies on projected emissions of HFCs have been published: - US: according to the June 2010 US Climate Action report under the UNFCCC, from 2005 through 2020, total US greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are projected to rise by 4% under a...

    • Publication date : 2011/02/04
  • Increasing pressure on HFCs

    Policy-makers worldwide are increasing pressure to reduce HFC use.

    • Publication date : 2011/12/05
    • Subjects: Regulation
  • India’s capacity to leapfrog HFCs

    A paper* presented by Non Governmental Organizations during MOP-24 in Geneva describes preliminary results of a project to explore the business case in India for avoiding high-GWP HFCs in new room air conditioners and motor vehicle air...

    • Publication date : 2013/02/22
  • HFCs: to be banned soon?

    Consult the following articles: - The large contribution of projected HFC emissions to future climate forcing, by Guus J. M. Velders, David W. Fahey, John S. Daniel, Mack McFarland and Stephen O. Andersen; PNAS:

    • Publication date : 2009/07/08
  • UNEP report on HFCs: key findings

    During the United Nations COP9/MOP23 Conference of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol which took place in Bali, Indonesia, on November 21-25, 2011, the IIR participated in a side-event presenting a new report "HFCs: A Critical Link in Protecting...

    • Publication date : 2012/02/20
    • Subjects: Figures, economy
  • HFCs: US-India joint Task Force

    During a workshop on hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) convened by the US and India on February 18, 2011, the two countries agreed to convene a joint Task Force to examine approaches to reduce the use of HFCs.The Task Force will include representatives...

    • Publication date : 2011/06/08
  • HFCs: diverging opinions regarding phase-out/phase-down

    A report prepared by Michael Kauffeld for the Environmental Investigation Agency (EIA) outlines a timetable specifying dates by which the use of HFCs could be banned in new equipment for each refrigeration and air-conditioning sub-sector, with a...

    • Publication date : 2012/09/06
  • Regulations and use of HFCs in the USA

    Under section 608 of the Clean Air Act, it has been illegal since November 15, 1995, to knowingly vent substitutes for CFC and HCFC refrigerants during the maintenance, service, repair and disposal of air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment....

    • Publication date : 2004/09/14
  • Australia to set up a carbon price for HFCs

    In September 2011, the Australian Government introduced to the Parliament a set of Bills that aim to cut emissions of greenhouse gases by 159 million tonnes CO2 eq. a year. Included are bills that will introduce a carbon charge on imports of...

    • Publication date : 2011/12/05
    • Subjects: Regulation
  • The future of HFCs was at the heart of discussions in Geneva

    Several issues of importance for the refrigeration sector were handled during the 30th meeting of the Open-ended Working Group of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer in Geneva, on June 15-18, 2010 where...

    • Publication date : 2011/02/04
  • Scientists recommend modifying the Montreal Protocol so that it covers the use of HFCs.

    In a new paper published in Science, G. Velders et al. estimate that climate benefits resulting from the Montreal Protocol – which regulates ozone-depleting CFCs and HCFCs – will soon be counterbalanced by HFC emissions, which are currently...

    • Publication date : 2012/07/16
    • Subjects: Environment, General information
  • Alternatives to HCFCs/HFCs in warm developing countries

    Öko-Recherche considers that “in developing countries, approx. 90% of HCFCs and high-GWP HFCs can be replaced by substances with low or moderate GWP.

    • Publication date : 2015/02/20
    • Subjects: HFCs alternatives
  • Price increase for HFCs

    Chemours, Mexichem and Arkema have announced 10-15% rise in cost of several HFCs from 1st January 2016

    • Publication date : 2015/12/09
    • Subjects: HFCs alternatives
  • International discussions on HFCs

    North America and Micronesia submitted amendments aiming to phase down HFCs under the framework of the Montreal Protocol during the joint 10th Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Vienna Convention and the 26th Meeting of the Parties to...

    • Publication date : 2015/02/11
    • Subjects: Regulation, HFCs alternatives
  • Recent trends in global emissions of HCFCs and HFCs

    Global-scale atmospheric measurements were used by S.A. Montzka et al. to investigate the effectiveness of recent adjustments to production and consumption controls on HCFCs under the Montreal Protocol.

    • Publication date : 2015/05/27
    • Subjects: Regulation, HFCs alternatives
  • Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants

    Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...

    • Last update : 2023/09/15
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : HFCs
  • Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants

    Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : HFCs, Blends, HFO et HCFO
  • Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector

    This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...

    • Last update : 2022/01/20
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)
  • Hydrocarbon refrigerants

    Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

    • Last update : 2022/06/22
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction
  • Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants

    Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : Blends, HFO et HCFO
  • Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants

    Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : Hydrocarbons, Blends
  • Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

    This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

    • Last update : 2022/11/17
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)
  • Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

    From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

    • Last update : 2023/06/30
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Ice creams
  • Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

    The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

    • Last update : 2023/11/07
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs