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Reversible residential air conditioners and heat pumps using carbon dioxide (CO2, R744) as working fluid.

Author(s) : HAFNER A., NEKSÅ P., STENE J.

Summary

The current world market for reversible air conditioners (RAC) split-type units is roughly 30 to 35 million units per year. Virtually all of them use HCFC-22, R407C or R410A, which are powerful greenhouse gases with relatively high global warming potentials (GWP-values). Although the refrigerant leakages from HCFC and HFC RAC systems are relatively small, an alternative solution is to utilize refrigerants that do not have any negative impact on the global environment, such as the nonsynthetic fluids ammonia, hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide (CO2, R744) is one of the few non-toxic and non-flammable working fluids that contributes neither to ozone depletion nor global warming. Due to its favourable thermophysical properties, R744 is regarded an interesting alternative to the HCFCs and HFCs in many applications including residential air-conditioners and heat pumps.

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Details

  • Original title: Reversible residential air conditioners and heat pumps using carbon dioxide (CO2, R744) as working fluid.
  • Record ID : 2010-0221
  • Languages: English
  • Subject: Technology
  • Source: Latest technologies in refrigeration and air conditioning: energy issues and climate change, new refrigerants, new European regulations, new plants, the cold chain. XIII European Conference: June 12-13, 2009, Milan.
  • Publication date: 2009/06/12

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