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A numerical modelling study on submerged condensers for heat pump water heaters using low-GWP refrigerants.

• Author(s) : ZHANG M., SHEN B.
• Publication date: 2022
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Propane, Domestic heat pump, Water heater, Modelling, Low GWP, Simulation, CFD, R290
• Source: 2022 Purdue Conferences. 19^th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Experimental results of a high-temperature heat pump prototype with R1336mzz(Z) for various production temperatures.

• Author(s) : MOTA BABILONI A., BARRAGÁN-CERVERA A., UDROIU C-M., GIMÉNEZ-PRADES P., NAVARRO-ESBRÍ J.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Keywords : High temperature, Heat pump, R1336mzz(Z), Expérimentation, Prototype, Waste heat, COP, Low GWP, R245fa
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Experimental investigation of high-glide refrigerant mixture R1233zd(E)/R1234yf in a high-temperature heat pump.

• Author(s) : BRENDEL L. P. M., BERNAL S. N., ARPAGAUS C., WIDMAIER P., ROSKOSCH D., BARDOW A., BERTSCH S. S.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Zeotropic mixture, High temperature, Heat pump, R1233zd(E), R1234yf, Expérimentation, COP, Glide, HFO, Industrial application, Thermodynamic cycle, Modelling
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Experimental assessment of the use of R515B as R1234ze(E) alternative in a small water-to-water heat pump.

• Author(s) : COLOMBO L. P. M., FRIGERIO D., LUCCHINI A., MOLINAROLI L.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Expérimentation, R515B, R1234ze(E), Water-water, Heat pump, Drop-in, COP, Testing
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Une nouvelle approche d'optimisation de pompe à chaleur tenant compte du couplage entre les réservoirs thermiques et le cycle.

• Author(s) : FEIDT M., COSTEA M.
• Publication date: 2021/12
• Languages : French
• Keywords : Heat pump, Optimization, Carnot, Cycle, Reversed cycle, Tank, COP, Energy consumption, Review, Modelling
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 132
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Heat pumps.

• Author(s) : LAZZARIN R.
• Publication date: 2017
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Heat pump, Market, Generality
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

A cascade heat pump for water heating.

• Author(s) : CLELAND D. J., CAVILL J. P., JOHNSON D.
• Publication date: 2016/04/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : New Zealand, Heat pump, Performance, Cascade system, Heating, Water
• Source: 4^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Auckland, New Zealand, April 7-9, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

Thermoelectric heat pump performance characterization.

• Author(s) : PATEL V. K., GLUESENKAMP K. R., BOUDREAUX P.
• Publication date: 2021/08/31
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Thermoelectricity, Heat pump, Performance, Expérimentation, Minichannel, Heat exchanger
• Source: 13^th IEA Heat Pump Conference 2021: Heat Pumps – Mission for the Green World. Conference proceedings [full papers]
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Thematic file: Heat pumps for decarbonising heating and cooling.

• Publication date: 2017/09/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Renewable energy, Heat pump, Solar energy
• Formats : PDF

Heat pumps (heating only). Fact Sheet 11.

• Author(s) : ONU Environnement (ex-PNUE)
• Publication date: 2015/04
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Substitute, Heat pump, HFC, Heating

IIR document

Investigation of air-source heat pump using heat pipes as heat radiator.

• Author(s) : XU S., DING R., NIU J., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Heat pipe, Air-source system, Heat pump, Performance, Expérimentation, COP, Heating
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 90
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR

Field performance of domestic heat pumps for heating and hot water in Switzerland - Part II: results, analysis and optimization.

• Author(s) : KUSTER R., PRINZING M., BERTHOLD M., ESCHMANN M., BERTSCH S.
• Publication date: 2021/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Heat pump, Domestic heat pump, Switzerland, Testing, Hot water, Heating, Energy efficiency, Optimization, Performance
• Source: 2021 Purdue Conferences. 18^th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Heating Glasgow University with river sourced heat pumps.

• Author(s) : MCCONKEY A., POON-KING A., YU Z.
• Publication date: 2014/06/23
• Languages : English
• Keywords : United Kingdom, Building, Temperature, Simulation, Heat pump, Case study, Flow rate, Heating
• Source: 3^rd IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: London, UK, June 23-25, 2014
• Formats : PDF

Heat pump assisted solar thermal system.

• Author(s) : LOTZ D., HUTZEL W., ARNETT W., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/07/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Solar collector, Energy consumption, Heat pump, Performance, Solar energy, Heating
• Source: 2016 Purdue Conferences. 4^th International High Performance Buildings Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Modular heat pumps: energy performance.

• Author(s) : ALBIERI M., FALDELLI P., MASOCH A., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Renewable energy, Heat pump, Performance, Reliability, Energy efficiency
• Source: REHVA Journal - vol. 51 - n. 6

Heat pumps

- Analysis of sales of heat pumps in Austria over 2003 and 2004 has shown good growth in the heating and controlled dwelling ventilation segments. The figures were compiled with the National Ministry for Transportation, Innovation and Technology,...

• Publication date : 2005/07/19

Markets: Heat Pumps

- Heat pumps hot in Europe According to the Swedish Heat Pump Association, SVEP, the Swedish market for domestic heat pumps has developed greatly over the last ten years, with over 100 000 heat pumps being sold in 2004. Exhaust air heat...

• Publication date : 2006/05/05

Markets: Heat pumps

The French heat-pump market grew 112% in 2006, reaching 53 510 units sold. The sales increase was even greater in Germany, where 139% growth occurred.

• Publication date : 2008/02/12

New combined CO2 heat pump and solar heating system.

The Institut für Thermodynamik at the Technical University of Braunschweig (www.ift.tu-bs.de) has developed a new heating system based on a CO2 heat pump connected with a solar storage tank. A...

• Publication date : 2007/12/03

CHEs in heat pumps

In its Annex 33, "Compact Heat Exchangers in Heat Pumping Equipment" issued in September 2010, the Heat Pump Programme details the benefits of using compact heat exchangers (CHEs): . Improved heat exchanger thermal effectiveness: thermal...

• Publication date : 2011/02/07

Residential CO2 heat pump system for combined space heating and hot water heating

This paper was presented at the IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference in Glasgow (Sep. 2004). A theoretical and experimental study was carried out for a residential brine-to-water CO2 heat pump system for combined space heating and hot water heating - a...

• Publication date : 2004/11/24

Heat Pump Programme success

The International Energy Agency (IEA) launched a Heat Pump Programme in January 2003, which ended in May earlier this year. Ten countries participated in the programme: Austria, Canada, France, Japan, Norway, Sweden, UK and USA. They joined...

• Publication date : 2005/11/23

GL2012 highlights: compact CO2 air-heating heat pump for industrial drying

Researchers in Japan studied and developed a small capacity CO2 heat pump for industrial drying that is hoped will reduce power consumption to about one third.

• Publication date : 2012/10/04

Market: European heat pump market

- The European Heat Pump Association (EHPA) has published an updated version of its outlook for the European heat pump market. The report shows that after 2 years of very difficult economic times, the market decline has stopped and heat pump...

• Publication date : 2011/02/07

Market: Japanese heat pump market

A Japanese market research company has analysed the Japanese heat pump market for applications in Eco-Cute water heaters and air-conditioners and published a forecast for market development over the next 10 years. Growth expectations for the...

• Publication date : 2011/02/07

Markets: Nordic heat-pump markets

In Sweden, heat pump sales reached a record 48 806 in 2003. Until now, single-family homes were the main niche, but growth is expected to shift to apartment buildings. Source: Swedish Heat Pump Association, Martin Forsén, Tel: +46 8 762 75 Norway...

• Publication date : 2004/07/27

Geothermal heat pumps on the rise

Geothermal (ground-source) heat pumps (GHPs) are one of the fastest growing applications of renewable energy in the world with worldwide annual growth rate which exceeded 10% over the past 10 years.

• Publication date : 2012/07/06
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Heat pump penetration in Europe

In spite of the overall market setback in 2009, the long-term growth trend for heat pumps in Europe is upwards, says a report from the IEA Heat Pump Centre (Sweden). For the 9 countries analysed, the total installation rate was 525 000 units...

• Publication date : 2011/06/09

China: new CO2 heat pump standard

Standard GB/T26181-2010 is for hermetic motor-compressors for household and similar-use heat pump water heaters using CO2 refrigerant, and is expected to accelerate the introduction of new products on the Chinese market.

• Publication date : 2011/12/22

Heat pumps sales soar in France

AFPAC (Association Française pour les Pompes à Chaleur) has announced a record sales figure for air-to-water heat pumps (HPs). Sales recorded by AFPAC members were 133 080 in 2008, up over 160% over 2007. The overall market in 2008 is estimated...

• Publication date : 2009/08/13

New IIR publications: Saving Energy in Refrigeration, Air-Conditioning and Heat-Pump Technology

The French version of the IIR guide Saving Energy in Refrigeration, Air-Conditioning and Heat-Pump Technology will be published in November 2009; the goal of this guide is to provide practical ways of minimizing the energy consumption of...

• Publication date : 2009/12/09

INDEE+: Focus on the two-day workshop “Hotel Decarbonisation using R744 Heat Pump/chiller” organised in April

A two-day workshop titled “Hotel Decarbonisation using R744 Heat Pump/chiller” was organised on 26-27 April 2024 at Antarim Resorts, Goa. The technical session was followed by a demonstration of the R744 HP/C...

• Publication date : 2024/05/28

New IIR Informatory Note on Air-source heat pumps for space heating and cooling

The IIR has issued a new Informatory Note on Air source heat pumps for space heating and cooling. A summary for policymakers and a Chinese version of this note have also been published.

• Publication date : 2021/02/23

New IIR Informatory Note on high-temperature heat pumps

IRR’s latest Informatory Note demonstrates that high-temperature heat pumps are a key technology in the decarbonisation of process industries. 

• Publication date : 2021/10/22

Heat pumps, the central theme of the recent IIR Congress

An overview of the research carried out in the field of heat pumps, with the aim of achieving greater flexibility and increased energy efficiency, in particular through to the use of thermal energy...

• Publication date : 2023/10/24

See you at the 2nd China Heat Pump Conference in 2024

Join this co-sponsored IIR conference on heat pumps in China set to be bigger than the first!

• Publication date : 2023/06/13
• Subjects: Technology

Call for papers: 2014 International Sorption Heat Pump Conference

ISHPC 2014 extends abstract deadline until September 13, 2013

• Publication date : 2013/09/03

Commission E2: at the forefront of heat pumps and energy recovery

Activities of the IIR’s Commission E2 “Heat Pumps, Energy Recovery”

• Publication date : 2015/07/01

Activities of the IIR’s Commission E2 “Heat Pumps, Energy Recovery”

Presentation of IIR Commission E2 activities by Per Lundqvist, President of Commission E2

• Publication date : 2015/05/22

Hot off the press: Handbook on Indirect Refrigeration and Heat Pump Systems

Be the first to read the newly published IIR Handbook on Indirect Refrigeration and Heat Pump Systems.

• Publication date : 2015/08/05

IIR publishes a new Technical Brief: Domestic heat pumps using hydrocarbons - Current status and market overview in Europe

At a time when the energy transition is at the top of the global agenda, the IIR is publishing a new Technical Brief on domestic hydrocarbon heat pumps. This strategic document...

• Publication date : 2024/11/21
• Subjects: Figures, economy

ATMOsphere MAC Summit 2024 x TU Berlin: natural refrigerants for mobile air conditioning and heat pumps

On 12 and 13 September 2024, the ATMOsphere MAC Summit 2024 was held in Berlin, co-organised with the Technical University of Berlin (TU Berlin).

• Publication date : 2024/10/03

Focus on Shecco's Virtual Trade Show, the IoR annual conference and the 13th IEA Heat Pump Conference

Focus on the latest events in which the IIR has been involved. 

• Publication date : 2021/04/29

Add the latest refrigeration publications to your bookshelf!

Check out the latest IIR publications including CO2 as a Refrigerant, Handbook on Indirect Refrigeration and Heat Pump Systems and the 1st IIR International Conference of Cryogenics and Refrigeration Technology (ICCRT 2016).

• Publication date : 2016/09/06

Past events: The IIR around the world

Focus on ammonia, cryogenics and heat pumps! Take a look back at the most recent events in which the IIR has participated. 

• Publication date : 2023/05/27

For IIR members only

Heat pump stock in Europe

This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.

• Last update : 2021/12/14
• Langues : English
• Themes : Heat pumps, energy recovery: economics and statistics

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants

Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...

• Last update : 2023/09/15
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : HFCs

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : HFCs, Blends, HFO et HCFO

Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : Blends, HFO et HCFO

Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Blends

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs