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Thermal performance enhancement of R744 heat pump systems through configuration optimization in high-temperature environments.

Author(s) : WANG X., HUANG L., JIN H., REN J., YIN X., WANG W., CAO F.

Type of article: IJR article

Summary

This study focuses on enhancing the refrigeration performance of the CO₂ heat pump system in high-temperature environments through an optimization of component configuration. Traditional CO₂ systems often experience a significant reduction in the coefficient of performance (COP) when operating in high-temperature conditions. Therefore, this paper proposes the integration of a water-cooled condenser (WGC) and improvements to the lowtemperature radiator (LTR) to enhance the COP in these environments. A validated high-fidelity model is employed to evaluate three system configurations: the baseline system (OGC + upstream standard-size LTR), position-optimized configuration (OGC + downstream standard-size LTR + WGC), and size-optimized configuration (OGC + downstream enlarged-size LTR + WGC). The results show that the ultimate position and sizeoptimized configuration led to an 18 % increase in cooling capacity and a COP improvement of 0.19 at 43◦C. Notably, these enhancements are most pronounced under low wind speeds with 1.5 m⋅s − 1 and high air volumes with 480 m³⋅h− 1 . The study also reveals the limited impact of water flow rate while highlighting the significant effects of motor thermal load, with cooling capacity improving by 28.6 % at a 4000 W thermal load. Overall, the proposed hierarchical layout optimization of the WGC and LTR effectively enhances heat dissipation and improves system performance, offering a practical and environmentally friendly approach for electric vehicle CO₂ heat pump systems.

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Pages: 11 p.

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Details

  • Original title: Thermal performance enhancement of R744 heat pump systems through configuration optimization in high-temperature environments.
  • Record ID : 30034377
  • Languages: English
  • Subject: Technology
  • Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 179
  • Publication date: 2025/11
  • DOI: http://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.07.023

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