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IIR document
Survey of freeze concentration methods for the concentration of fish protein hydrolysates.
Estimation of DMSO concentration for cell cryopreservation on adhesion state.
Modelling of crystallization during freeze-concentration of hydrolysates.
A new concept to reduce indoor air particle concentration.
R290 concentrations arising from leaks in commercial refrigeration cabinets.
Determination of the ice concentration of ice slurries using impedance measurement.
Progressive freeze concentration of whey in a pilot plant: process performance.
Novel Application of CO2 Gas Hydrate Technology in Selected Fruit Juices Concentration Process.
Evaluation of joining techniques for air-conditioning and refrigeration systems using concentration accumulation method.
A new method for online measurement of the concentration of working fluids in absorption refrigeration systems.
Assessment of factors affecting R290 concentrations arising from leaks in room air conditioners.
Influence of oil concentration on wetting behavior during evaporation of refrigerant–oil mixture on copper surface.
Effect of the block freeze concentration process in the casein content of skimmed goat milk.
Effect of initial aqueous solution concentration on rheological behavior of ice slurry.
Calculation of the effective concentration for nitrogen and krypton in the surface layer of the cryogenic liquids solutions (N2/Ar) and (Kr/Xe).
Refrigeration sector monitoring
61 results
Cryoconcentration for improved flavour
Cryoconcentration is a relatively new food technology which consists in transforming milk, fruit or vegetable juices into a sorbet, before removing water ice crystals in order to obtain a highly flavoured concentrate.
Africa’s first concentrating solar cooling system
Mobile telecommunications company MTN has launched Africa’s first Concentrating Solar Cooling System in its Head office in Johannesburg.
Photovoltaic thermal system combined with adsorption cooling achieves 75% efficiency
Researchers from IBM Zurich research laboratory combined photovoltaic (PV) and solar thermal techniques in a high-concentration PV thermal (HCPVT) system to achieve efficient electrical cooling output without the need for extra cells.
Cryochemistry: chemical reactions accelerated by freezing
Surprisingly, some chemical reactions can be accelerated by freezing. The possible applications of studying such cryoreactions include the food and pharmaceutical cold chain, as well...
Honey is an efficient natural cryoprotectant in fertility preservation
While several review articles point to the need for new, effective and less toxic cryoprotectants, honey has proven to be an effective non-penetrating...
Cryopreservation techniques in reproductive medicine: improving cell survival after warming
A recent literature review presents the technical progress in cryopreservation techniques. The vitrification concept is presented as crucial to ensure cell survival after cryopreservation.
Latest news on the regulation of flammable refrigerants
Because many alternative low-GWP refrigerants are flammable, the evolution of the regulation governing these refrigerants is an issue that gives rise to many debates and initiatives.
Refrigeration innovations for the avocado market
The booming global avocado market calls for increasing standards of quality. Refrigeration technologies offer cutting-edge solutions for fruit ripening and seed preservation for future crops.
Latest figures on HFC impact on climate change
EU reports that hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) emissions from refrigeration and air conditioning (RAC) have decreased for the fourth consecutive year since 2014. On a global scale, the impact of HFCs on climate...
Assessing indoor air quality: Air conditioning
The quality of indoor air and how to assess it are increasingly raising concern, whether this is related to the efficiency of air-conditioning systems or of air cleaners. Air conditioning against high CO2 levels. According to a recent KPMG study...
Propane air conditioners: improving leakage safety
The latest research and developments in leakage safety of R290 air conditioners are presented in several articles recently published in the IJR.
Cryogenic carbon capture technologies
Cryogenic carbon capture is in the early stages of development, however, several projects have achieved a Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of 6, for applications such as blue...
The French Health Protection Agency (InVS) warns against Legionella outbreaks
In an official statement dated July 2004, the French Health Protection Agency called for vigilance with regards to the risk of Legionella outbreaks during summer 2004. In 2003, 1044 legionella cases were recorded in France and 129 patients died....
Refrigerant news: HFO-1234yf
The US EPA has proposed to list HFO-1234yf as an acceptable alternative refrigerant in mobile air-conditioning (MAC) systems. The proposed decision only applies to new MAC systems in passenger cars and trucks since EPA had previously determined...
Briefs: NOAA Greenhouse Gas Index
Researchers at the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) developed what they call a "scientifically unambiguous" index, that they say will allow them to track changes in the gases that contribute the most to the warming...
IIR news
4 results
News from IIR members: Star Refrigeration
Star Refrigeration just announced a new collaboration with Core Enterprises, an American portable instruments developer to distribute AccuToolsR eL-720 carbon dioxide gas leak detector. The detector is easy to handle and effective at locating even...
Walk-In Cold Rooms: A Practitioner’s Technical Guide
In many developing countries, agriculture is crucial to livelihoods, and developing the cold chain from field to table can boost incomes and stimulate economic growth. Cold stores are an essential link in the...
OEWG36: Tough week of negotiations, no agreement except possible additional meetings
OEWG 36 spent much of its time focusing on moving the discussion on HFCs management forward.
IIR Conference overview: 5th IIR Conference on Thermophysical Properties and Transfer Processes of Refrigerants - TPTPR2017
With over 150 participants from 12 countries, the 5th IIR Conference on Thermophysical Properties and Transfer Processes of Refrigerants featured 85 technical presentations, including six plenary keynote lectures.
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
Nanorefrigerants
Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
