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I refrigeranti e l'ambiente.
Refrigerants and the environment.
Good servicing practices: phasing out HCFCs in the refrigeration and air-conditioning servicing sector.
Montreal protocol in the context of the marine mobile refrigeration and air-conditioning sector.
IIR document
Atmospheric chemistry and environmental impact of CF3CF=CH2 (HFO-1234yf), E-CF3CH=CHF (1234ze(E)), CF3CF=CF2, (FO-1216), Z-CF3CH=CHCI (HCFO-1233zd(Z)), and E-CF3-CH=CHCI (HCFO-1233zd(E)).
Emission quantification of refrigerant CFCs, HCFCs and HFCs in megacity Lahore (Pakistan) and contributed ODPs and GWPs.
Report of the UNEP Technology and Economic Assessment Panel. Decision XXVI / 9 Task Force Report Additional Information on Alternatives to ODS ( Extract for OEWG-35).
Key trends in international refrigerated cargo flows & reefer fleet.
Report of the UNEP Technology and Economic Assessment Panel. Volume 1. Decision XXVII / 4 Task Force Update Report Further Information on Alternatives to Ozone-Depleting Substances.
Control of ODS for international shipping
New trends in the natural and mixed refrigerants used in air conditioning and refrigeration systems - a review.
Assessment of refrigerant selection for ejection system driven by low-grade heat.
Safe use of HCFC alternatives in refrigeration and air-conditioning.
Recommended by the IIR
Scientific assessment of ozone depletion: 2018.
SCIENCE OF THE OZONE DEPLETION THEORY: CURRENT STATUS.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
12 results
Management and destruction of ozone depleting substances
A recent GIZ study analyses the management and destruction of ozone depleting substances (ODS) – primarily used as refrigerants – particularly in developing countries.
Europe: focus on the consumption, exports, production and destruction of ozone depleting substances.
The European Environment Agency published in September 2017 a report aggregating data submitted by companies using ozone depleting substances.
Quantifying ozone recovery: new scientific study confirms Montreal Protocol’s success in reducing Antarctic ozone depletion
Through rigorous statistical detection of the temporal and spatial structure of Antarctic ozone recovery, a study published in Nature in March 2025 confirms that ozone recovery is due primarily to the reduction...
HFCs are “ weak ozone-depleting substances”
Although HFCs are promoted as being zero ODP refrigerants, they do have a small but measurable effect on ozone depletion, according to a new study by NASA.
The Montreal Protocol pays off
According to a recent UNEP report, the ozone layer is recovering. It could be restored to its initial state from 2040, except in Antarctica and the Arctic.
UNIDO project to help green Gambia’s refrigeration and air-conditioning sector
The Gambia and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) will implement a demonstration project to reduce greenhouse gases and ozone-depleting substances in the country's refrigeration and air-conditioning sector.
A surprising increase in the emissions of trichlorofluoromethane (R11) since 2012
An article published in Nature underlines the unexpected and persistent increase in global emissions of ozone-depleting R11.
Contribution of the Montreal Protocol to declining greenhouse gases emissions from the United States
A study confirms the positive impact of the Montreal Protocol on the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the United States.
CFC banks release larger emissions than expected
The leaks of CFC11 and CFC12 stored up in banks, if left unchecked, would delay the recovery of the Antarctic ozone hole by 6 years and add 9 billion metric tons of CO2eq to the...
Potential impact of dichloromethane on the ozone layer recovery
In a study published in Nature Communications, Ryan Hossaini and a team of researchers consider the impact of dichloromethane (CH2CL2) on the ozone layer.
The European Commission has initiated an evaluation of the Regulation n°1005/2009 on ozone-depleting substances (ODS)
The European Commission recently published a roadmap ahead of the evaluation of the effectiveness of European ODS Regulation n°1005/2009.
The life cycle of fluorocarbons: case studies
The Climate and Clean Air Coalition has published a guide for policymakers in which good practices regarding the life cycle of fluorocarbons are discussed. Concrete examples of refrigerant recycling in...
IIR news
2 results
Participation of the IIR in the 31st Meeting of the Parties (MOP 31)
The 31st Meeting of the Parties (MOP 31) took place on November 4-8, 2019 in Italy at FAO headquarters. The Rome declaration on the reduction of food losses was signed.
MOP37 Highlights
The 37th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol (MOP37) were held in Nairobi, Kenya from 1 November to 7 November 2025.
