Share

HFCS or naturals, what is the future?

Refrigeranti HFC o naturali, qual è il futuro?

Author(s) : HALOZAN H.

Type of article: Article

Summary

The article is the Italian translation of a paper presented at the IIR conference, held in Dubrovnik, Croatia, August 2001 (see this Bulletin, reference 2005-0563). Since January 1, 1996, the production of CFCs is forbidden in the industrialised countries, and for the HCFCs a phase-out schedule until 2030 - in the EU until 2015 - already exists. In some countries even more rigid phase-out schedules have been decided. Alternatives for the CFCs and the HCFCs are either again synthetic substances, the chorine-free hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) with no ozone depletion potential (ODP), but still a high global warming potential (GWP), or the old refrigerants, natural substances like ammonia (R717), the hydrocarbons (R290, R1270, R600a), water (R718) and CO2 (R744). Selection criteria for refrigerants have to cover efficiency, safety, and environmental acceptability. Within these criteria the environment expressed by the TEWI, i.e. refrigerant losses during lifetime and CO2 emissions caused by the production of drive energy and the drive energy, respectively, becomes the most important issue. In this context efficiency gets the highest priority, and efficiency, as can be demonstrated, is mainly the result of technology development and correct integration into systems.

Available documents

Format PDF

Pages: 30-35

Available

  • Public price

    20 €

  • Member price*

    15 €

* Best rate depending on membership category (see the detailed benefits of individual and corporate memberships).

Details

  • Original title: Refrigeranti HFC o naturali, qual è il futuro?
  • Record ID : 2005-0564
  • Languages: Italian
  • Subject: HFCs alternatives
  • Source: Industria & Formazione - vol. 27 - n. 3
  • Publication date: 2003

Links


See the source

Indexing