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Progress and challenges in rolling bearing technology for compressors in industrial heat pumps.

Number: 0143

Author(s) : MORALES-ESPEJEL G. E., HAULEITNER R., DIETL P.

Summary

The introduction of new process media like refrigerants with low GWP (Global Warming Potential) and the specific operating conditions of heat pumps can create challenges for traditional bearing technology: dilution of the lubricating oil by process media is increasing, lubrication films are getting thinner, and risk of corrosion and chemical compatibility need to be investigated upfront. Furthermore, the use of variable frequency drives (VFD) extends the speed range to both lower and higher values for which the bearings must operate reliably. In certain cases this even requires a change of bearing technology like from hydrodynamic to rolling element bearings. But also rolling bearings can suffer from above mentioned conditions. Therefore this article summarises the extensive research and development to provide state-of-the-art rolling bearing solutions and related engineering advice. This involves tribological testing and lubrication characterization of refrigerants and oil-refrigerant mixtures. The article also touches on the use of hybrid ceramic bearings, stainless materials, coatings, and advanced cage materials. The effect of oil dilution and poor lubrication and its impact on surface distress and rolling bearing life, as well as the effect of contaminating particles have been captured in models to allow engineers to give improved predictions of bearing performance and durability. Finally, different rolling bearing solutions to deal with the challenges related to lubrication and bearing life in heat pump compressors are described, all the way from oil-refrigerant mixture lubrication with moderate high dilution rates, up to a major innovation related to oil-free lubrication, so-called Pure Refrigerant Lubrication (PRL).

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Format PDF

Pages: 12 p.

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Details

  • Original title: Progress and challenges in rolling bearing technology for compressors in industrial heat pumps.
  • Record ID : 30031094
  • Languages: English
  • Subject: Technology, HFCs alternatives
  • Source: 14th IEA Heat Pump Conference 2023, Chicago, Illinois.
  • Publication date: 2023/05/15

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