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IIR document

Chemical stability of HFO and HCFO olefin refrigerants and their potential mechanistic breakdown pathways.

• Author(s) : LEEHEY M., KUJAK S.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Keywords : HFO, HCFO, Chemical reaction, Low GWP, R1336mzz(E), R1233zd(E), R1234ze(E), R1234yf, Thermodynamic property
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Isobaric heat capacity prediction for HC, HFC, HFO and HCFO refrigerants in liquid phase.

• Author(s) : LIU Y., ZHAO X., WANG X., ZHENG X.
• Publication date: 2020/10
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Hydrocarbon, HFC, HFO, HCFO, Thermodynamic property, Heat capacity, Modelling, Expérimentation
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 118
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

The melting points and enthalpy of melting of refrigerants including HFOs and HCFOs.

• Author(s) : WANG X., WANG K., ZHAO Y., DONG X., GONG M.
• Publication date: 2023/04/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : HFO, Enthalpy, Thermal property, Expérimentation, Hydrocarbon, HCFO, Mixture, Melting
• Source: 3^rd IIR conference on HFO Refrigerants and low GWP Blends. Shanghai, China.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Surface tension measurement for low GWP refrigerants HFO-1123 and HCFO-1224yd(z).

• Author(s) : KONDOU C., HIGASHI Y.
• Publication date: 2018/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Measurement, Low GWP, Liquid-vapour, Density, Surface tension, Temperature, R1224yd(Z), , HFO, HCFO
• Source: 1^st IIR international conference on the application of HFO refrigerants, Birmingham, September 2-5 2018.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Surface tension measurement for low GWP refrigerants HFO-1123 and HCFO-1224yd(z).

• Author(s) : KONDOU C., HIGASHI Y.
• Publication date: 2018/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Measurement, Low GWP, Liquid-vapour, Density, Surface tension, Temperature, R1224yd(Z), , HFO, HCFO
• Source: 1^st IIR international conference on the application of HFO refrigerants, Birmingham, September 2-5 2018.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

High temperature heat pump using HFO and HCFO refrigerants – system design and experimental results.

• Author(s) : ARPAGAUS C., KUSTER R., PRINZING M., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Industrial application, Measurement, R1336mzz(Z), R1233zd(E), Heat pump, HFO, HCFO, High temperature, Testing, COP
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Dipole moment and heat capacity in the ideal gas state derived from relative permittivity and speed of sound measurements for HFO-1123 and HCFO-1224yd(Z).

• Author(s) : KANO Y., KAYUKAWA Y., FUJITA Y.
• Publication date: 2020/10
• Languages : English
• Keywords : HFO, Thermodynamic property, Heat capacity, Sound velocity, Expérimentation, Modelling, Equation of state, HCFO
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 118
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Thermodynamic analysis of low GWP HFO and HCFO Refrigerants in HTHP with large temperature glides on the heat sink.

• Author(s) : DIEWALD K., ARPAGAUS C., HEBENSTREIT B.
• Publication date: 2020/07/31
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Heat pump, High temperature, HFO, Low GWP, Heat sink, Cycle, COP, R1234ze(Z), R1224yd(Z), R1233zd(E), R245fa, Substitute, Thermodynamic property
• Source: IIR Rankine Conference 2020.
• Formats : PDF

Experimental comparison of HCFO and HFO R1224yd(Z), R1233zd(E), R1336mzz(Z), and HFC R245fa in a high-temperature heat pump up to 150 °C supply temperature.

• Author(s) : ARPAGAUS C., BERTSCH S. S.
• Publication date: 2021/05
• Languages : English
• Source: 2021 Purdue Conferences. 18^th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Characteristics of blends using low GWP molecules for application in centrifugal and screw compressor-based chillers.

• Author(s) : SCHULTZ K., KUJAK S., SORENSON E.
• Publication date: 2020/07/31
• Languages : English
• Keywords : HFO, R1130(E), R1234yf, R1234ze(E), R1336mzz(Z), R513A, R514A, R515A, R515B, R516A, Low GWP, Chiller, Centrifugal compressor, Screw compressor, Azeotropic mixture, Review
• Source: IIR Rankine Conference 2020.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Development of the equation of state for HFCO-1224yd(Z): detailed and extensive evaluation of the current equation and outlook for a new equation.

• Author(s) : AKASAKA R., HIGASHI Y., KOYAMA S.
• Publication date: 2018/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Vapour pressure, Comparison, Low GWP, Temperature, R1224yd(Z), Modelling, Pressure, HCFO, Equation of state, Refrigerant
• Source: 1^st IIR international conference on the application of HFO refrigerants, Birmingham, September 2-5 2018.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Development of the equation of state for HFCO-1224yd(Z): detailed and extensive evaluation of the current equation and outlook for a new equation.

• Author(s) : AKASAKA R., HIGASHI Y., KOYAMA S.
• Publication date: 2018/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Vapour pressure, Comparison, Low GWP, Temperature, R1224yd(Z), Modelling, Pressure, HCFO, Equation of state, Refrigerant
• Source: 1^st IIR international conference on the application of HFO refrigerants, Birmingham, September 2-5 2018.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Viscosity measurement for trans-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene (R1336mzz(E)) in liquid and vapor phases.

• Author(s) : MONDAL D., KARRIYA K., TUHIN A. R., AMAKUSA N., MIYARA A.
• Publication date: 2022/01
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R1336mzz(E), HFO, Viscosity, Capillary tube, Correlation, Liquid, Gas, Measurement
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 133
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Universal parameters of the extended corresponding states (ECS) model for hydrofluoroolefin refrigerants.

• Author(s) : TERAISHI R., KAYUKAWA Y., AKASAKA R., SAITO K.
• Publication date: 2021/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : HFO, Equation of state, Density, Vapour pressure, HCFO, Thermodynamic property, R1132(E), R1336mzz(E), Corresponding state, Modelling
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 131
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Effect of internal structure installed in pressure vessel in HFO-1123 disproportionation reaction.

• Author(s) : ZHANG Z., ITO M., DANG C., CHEN Y., HIHARA E.
• Publication date: 2023/01
• Languages : English
• Keywords : HFO, , Structure, Pressure, Low GWP, Expérimentation
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 145
• Formats : PDF

IJR highlights: review of low-GWP alternative refrigerants

In a recent review article based on over 60 published studies and published in the International Journal of Refrigeration, Chinese researchers have compared nearly 40 alternative low-GWP refrigerants in terms of...

• Publication date : 2021/06/28
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

IIR Rankine Conference 2020: Which alternative working fluids for ORC systems?

HFOs (hydrofluoroolefins), HCFOs (hydrochlorofluoroolefins) and hydrocarbons were the main alternatives to HFC245fa presented during the IIR Rankine Conference 2020.

• Publication date : 2020/09/04
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Update on the global regulation on refrigerants

Global regulations on fluorinated gases are evolving, with new ratifications of the Kigali Amendment (including China), the updating of the GWP of certain refrigerants by the IPCC, and five European countries...

• Publication date : 2021/09/07
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives, Regulation

Commercial refrigeration: marketing of R471A, a new alternative to R404A

Honeywell recently announced the marketing of R471A, a non-flammable refrigerant with a GWP under 150. It is expected to replace R404A in medium temperature commercial refrigeration...

• Publication date : 2022/02/28
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

System maintenance: are technicians sensitive to environmental issues?

Several hundred European refrigeration equipment maintenance technicians responded to a survey published in the IJR. It It diagnosed their behaviour and knowledge of the impact of fluorinated gases on climate...

• Publication date : 2023/04/26
• Subjects: Environment

REACH regulation: the restrictions proposed by five European states concern many alternative refrigerants

The European Chemicals Agency has been reviewing the proposed restrictions on PFAS, including some refrigerants, since February 7. 

• Publication date : 2023/02/17
• Subjects: Regulation

A low-GWP cooling system for the Eiffel Tower

The ageing R407C cooling system in the tower’s west pillar has been replaced with an energy efficient system using low GWP R1234ze(E).

• Publication date : 2022/04/04
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

F-Gas regulation : European Council and Parliament reach provisional agreement

After several months of discussion, the two European bodies have reached a provisional agreement aimed at further reducing fluorinated gas emissions, in line with the EU's climate objectives.

• Publication date : 2023/10/16
• Subjects: Regulation

Low GWP blends for domestic air conditioning

A review article presents the latest research trends on low GWP refrigerants, mainly HFC/HFO blends, for domestic air conditioning. 

• Publication date : 2023/03/28
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

US HFC phase-down: alternative refrigerants for commercial refrigeration

2022 marks the start of new HFC regulatory requirements in the US. An online tool is available that presents alternative refrigerants for commercial refrigeration.

• Publication date : 2022/04/11
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives, Regulation

Latest regulatory news: REACH regulation, HFC tax in France and adoption of the Kigali Amendment in the United States.

Further postponement of the REACH regulation and the HFC tax in France. Adoption of the Kigali Amendment in the US. 

• Publication date : 2022/12/12
• Subjects: Regulation

Alternatives to replace R404A for refrigerated transport

With about 5 million refrigerated vehicles operating worldwide, there is active research and development focusing on identifying alternatives to R404A, which is traditionally used in truck and trailer...

• Publication date : 2020/09/04
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Solar ejector refrigeration systems: benefits and latest developments

Two IJR articles present the latest advancements in this technology and in particular the advantages of variable geometry ejectors and low-GWP refrigerants in terms of performance.

• Publication date : 2020/06/26
• Subjects: Developing country

HFO1123: a new alternative to R410A?

Japanese firm Asahi Glass announced its own refrigerant for use in air conditioning systems, based on the new HFO molecule HFO1123.

• Publication date : 2014/04/28

HFC phase-down: update on the Kigali Amendment and the EU F-gas Regulation

In the European Union, the F-gas Regulation’s objectives were broadly respected in 2017; at an international level, the Kigali Amendment came into force on January 1, 2019, with currently 67 ratifying states.

• Publication date : 2019/01/31
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives, Regulation

Submit your abstracts to the 3rd IIR Conference on HFO Refrigerants and Low GWP Blends

To be organised by the Chinese Association of Refrigeration (CAR), the call for abstracts for the 2023 IIR Conference on HFOs has now been launched. Submit...

• Publication date : 2022/04/25
• Subjects: Technology, HFCs alternatives, Environment

HFO 2023: Call for abstracts extended until September 30!

The call for abstracts for the 2023 IIR Conference on HFOs, to be hosted by the Chinese Association of Refrigeration (CAR), has been extended to September 30, 2022!  

• Publication date : 2022/09/08
• Subjects: Technology, HFCs alternatives, Environment

New IIR Informatory Note. Low-GWP Refrigerants: Status and Outlook

The latest IIR Informatory Note outlines the options available for low-GWP refrigerants and their respective performance. It provides a series of recommendations on refrigerant...

• Publication date : 2022/07/08
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

The IIR participated in the South African Road Show

The Department of Environmental affairs of the Republic of South Africa (DEA), in collaboration with UNIDO, organised a Road Show in South Africa on June 11-22, 2018.

• Publication date : 2018/08/08
• Subjects: Regulation, Developing country, HFCs alternatives

IIR member news: Johnson Controls YORK chiller optimised for R1233zd(E)

The YORK YZ magnetic bearing centrifugal chiller, produced by Johnson Controls, is said to be the first chiller fully optimized for ultimate performance with the low-global warming potential refrigerant R1233zd(E).

• Publication date : 2019/01/31

New in the Encyclopedia: updated GWP values for HFCs

Find all the GWP values over 100 years and 20 years for hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants.

• Publication date : 2023/09/22
• Subjects: Environment

Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : Blends, HFO et HCFO

Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : HFCs, Blends, HFO et HCFO

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants

Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...

• Last update : 2023/09/15
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : HFCs