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Refrigerants with GWP below 300 for air conditioning and heat pumps.

Number: 2362

Author(s) : HUGHES J., MEDINA J., KALRA S.

Summary

A hydrofluoro-olefin based (HFO) refrigerant with reduced direct global warming potential (GWP) and environmental impact, R-454B, is replacing the current widely-used refrigerant, R-410A, for residential and light commercial air conditioning and heat pump systems in the US and beyond due to its similar physical properties and performance to R-410A while meeting new US regulations that require new residential heat pump and air conditioning systems to use a refrigerant with GWP less than 700 after January 1, 2025. Although R-454B can be a long term-solution for many years to come and offers the closest performance to R-410A with a GWP of 466, there are frequent questions to explore the tradeoffs and impact on performance with refrigerants with even lower GWP.
Two new potential alternatives have been developed and optimized to provide cooling capacity and energy efficiency close to R-454B and R-410A with a GWP less than 300. R-455C has been developed to have similar cooling capacity within about 11% of R-410A with similar energy efficiency. R-454D has been developed to have cooling capacity within about 18% of R-410A with similar energy efficiency. Recent work has also been published with a refrigerant option with GWP less than 150 such as R-454C, and the performance comparisons and system optimizations for each of these options will be compared.
This paper explores the performance of these new lower GWP refrigerants in stationary air conditioning and heat pump applications. A commercially available residential heat pump designed for R-410A was modified to optimize the performance of each of these options, including electronic expansion valves to control at equivalent amounts of superheat and increased compressor displacement for testing at equivalent cooling capacity. Data presented will include thermodynamic properties, performance test results, thermal stability, lubricant miscibility, and materials compatibility compared to the existing refrigerant. These new refrigerant blends could provide useful options to maintain similar safety and performance in today’s air conditioning and heat pump systems while reducing direct emissions to meet regulatory demands in the future.

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Details

  • Original title: Refrigerants with GWP below 300 for air conditioning and heat pumps.
  • Record ID : 30033159
  • Languages: English
  • Subject: Technology
  • Source: 2024 Purdue Conferences. 19th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
  • Publication date: 2024/07/17

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