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Design considerations in cold climates.

• Author(s) : SCHUETTER S., HACKEL S.
• Publication date: 2017/01
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Variable volume, Generality, Energy saving, Air conditioning, Heating, Cold climate
• Source: ASHRAE Journal - vol. 59 - n. 1

Cold climate HVAC solution.

• Author(s) : PETROVIC P.
• Publication date: 2017/12/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Older building, Energy consumption, Republic of Serbia, Case study, Air conditioning, Heating, Cold climate
• Source: 48^th International HVAC&R Congress and Exhibition.
• Formats : PDF

Improving cold climate air-source heat pump performance with refrigerant mixtures.

• Author(s) : HAKKAKI-FARD A., AIDOUN Z., OUZZANE M.
• Publication date: 2015/03
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Air, Heat pump, Performance, Zeotropic mixture, Refrigerant, Cold climate
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 78

Experimental investigation of vapor injected compression for cold climate heat pumps.

• Author(s) : BACH C. K., VETSCH B., GROLL E. A., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/07/14
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Vapour, Heat pump, Performance, Injection, Expérimentation, Compression, Cold climate
• Source: 2014 Purdue Conferences. 15th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Development of a cold climate heat pump using two-stage compression.

• Author(s) : SHEN B., RICE C. K., ABDELAZIZ O., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Design, Two-stage system, Heat pump, Performance, Compression, Cold climate
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

Cold climate integrated heat pump.

• Author(s) : SHEN B., MUNK J., GLUESENKAMP K.
• Publication date: 2022
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Cold climate, Seasonal performance, Air-source system, Residential sector, Domestic heat pump, Heating, Water heater, Testing, Air conditioning, COP, Energy efficiency, Prototype
• Source: 2022 Purdue Conferences. 19^th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Performance analysis of liquid flooded compression with regeneration for cold climate heat pumps

• Author(s) : RAMARAJ S., BRAUN J. E., GROLL E. A., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Vapour, Regeneration, Compression system, Heat pump, Performance, Cold climate
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 68
• Formats : PDF

Dry indoor climate – Why and how to prepare for the next cold season?

• Author(s) : BÖRJESSON M., BEDNAROVA P. V., PETRONI S.
• Publication date: 2021/12
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Relative humidity, Winter, Indoor environment, Health, Cold climate, Dry air
• Source: REHVA Journal - vol. 58 - 6
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Energy consumption of cold climate heat pumps in different climates. Comparison of single-stage and two-stage systems.

• Author(s) : GSCHWEND A., MENZI T., CASKEY S., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Energy consumption, Comparison, Two-stage system, Simulation, Heat pump, Single-stage system, USA, Cold climate
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 62
• Formats : PDF

Isentropic mixtures and their application in heat pumps in cold climate region.

• Author(s) : ZHENG N., HWANG Y., ZHAO L., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/07/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Thermodynamics, Vapour, Heat pump, Performance, Multistage system, Zeotropic mixture, Injection, Cold climate
• Source: 2016 Purdue Conferences. 16th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

A review of recent residential heat pump systems and applications in cold climates.

• Author(s) : WAN H., HWANG Y.
• Publication date: 2023/05/15
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Domestic heat pump, Cold climate, Air-source system, Defrosting, Energy efficiency, Review
• Source: 14^th IEA Heat Pump Conference 2023, Chicago, Illinois.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Performance evaluation of propane heat pump system for electric vehicle in cold climate.

• Author(s) : LIU C., ZHANG Y., GAO T., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Energy consumption, Electric vehicle, R290, Propane, Heat pump, Expérimentation, Heating, Cold climate
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 95
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Performance evaluation of R1234yf heat pump system for an electric vehicle in cold climate.

• Author(s) : LI W., LIU R., LIU Y., WANG D., SHI J., CHEN J.
• Publication date: 2020/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R134a, Cold climate, R1234yf, Substitute, Electric vehicle, Performance, Expérimentation, Heating, Mobile air conditioning
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 115
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Electric vehicle range extension strategies based on improved AC system in cold climate – A review

• Author(s) : ZANG Z., WANG D., ZHANG C., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/04
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Electric vehicle, Battery, Heat pump, Air conditioning, Heating, Thermal load, Cold climate
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 88
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Membrane energy exchangers, evaluation of a frost-free design and its performance for ventilation in cold climates.

• Author(s) : LIU P., ALONSO M. J., MATHISEN H. M.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Frost, Ventilation, Design, Performance, Membrane, Energy saving, Heat exchanger, Cold climate
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

Cold storage: sustainable solutions for developing countries with hot climates

Two papers from the recent IIR Congress illustrate the importance of developing the cold chain in developing countries with warm climates. In particular, in India, environmentally-friendly technical solutions...

• Publication date : 2023/12/19

Cryochemistry: chemical reactions accelerated by freezing

Surprisingly, some chemical reactions can be accelerated by freezing. The possible applications of studying such cryoreactions include the food and pharmaceutical cold chain, as well...

• Publication date : 2022/02/28
• Subjects: Environment, Technology

COP 27 at Sharm Al Sheikh

The IIR at the COP 27: side event was organised by the IIR with the European Heat Pump Association (EHPA). Didier Coulomb gave a statement at the high-level session.

• Publication date : 2022/12/12
• Subjects: Environment

Mini containers, an energy-efficient solution for small farmers?

To benefit small growers, a team of researchers investigated the concept of mini containers that would consume less energy and produce fewer GHG emissions than conventional full-size...

• Publication date : 2022/12/12
• Subjects: Technology

Evaporative cooling without adding humidity

Scientists at the University of Harvard have designed a prototype evaporative cooling system called Cold-SNAP that effectively cools air at low cost for both dry and humid climates.

• Publication date : 2020/05/26
• Subjects: Developing country, Technology

Evaporative cooling: continuation of the Cold-Snap project at Harvard University

Tests show that Cold-Snap evaporative cooling technology would be effective in humid climates, while limiting water consumption.

• Publication date : 2022/09/28

GL2012 highlights: latent cold thermal storage: the energetic benefits

In response to German climate protection goals, requiring 80-95 % cuts in CO2 emissions before 2050, Michael Kauffeld presented a paper on “The Energetic Benefit of Latent Cold Thermal Energy Storage” at the 10th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on...

• Publication date : 2012/11/20

Green roofs can reduce cooling demand in warm climate zones

The impact of green roofs on building energy performance was assessed in 15 climate zones. In most regions, the reduction in energy demand for cooling was greater than for...

• Publication date : 2023/10/24
• Subjects: Technology

Heat pumps a promising way to extend electric vehicles' range

Two articles recently published in the International Journal of Refrigeration highlight heat pumps – especially with integrated desiccant – as a promising way to extend the range of electric vehicles.

• Publication date : 2018/04/19

The Cold Hard Facts 2022 report presents the main figures for refrigeration in Australia

According to the latest Cold Hard Facts 2022 report published earlier this year, transition to low GWP refrigerants slowed down in Australia in 2021, and equipment sales increased...

• Publication date : 2023/04/10
• Subjects: Figures, economy

R&D

The US Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has developed a new air-conditioning system combining membranes, evaporative coolers and desiccants into a single device with the objective to suit to all climates,...

• Publication date : 2011/02/07

Towards a sustainable seafood cold chain

Several FAO (UN’s Food and Agriculture Organisation) reports present the figures and challenges of the seafood cold chain.

• Publication date : 2023/02/06
• Subjects: Developing country, Figures, economy

Briefs: Largest climatic laboratory

The McKinley Climatic Laboratory, located in the US Air Force Eglin Base in Florida, USA, which began testing in 1947, is the largest climate testing facility in the world. The temperature inside the 77 x 61 x 21 m hangar, with a 4700 m² base...

• Publication date : 2011/02/11

Climate control for your desk

We are used to taking command of our personal climate in planes and cars by using simple controls. Why not in buildings too? A study of the effect of installing individual air-conditioning vents at office desks, and putting controls at each...

• Publication date : 2010/03/07

Temperature-sensitive products: Continental Airlines

Cold chain first for Continental Airlines: the airline has obtained accreditation under the Qualified Envirotainer Provider Training and Quality programme (QEP) for its management of shipments using temperature-controlled air cargo containers....

• Publication date : 2009/02/25

1st IIR-UNEP Joint Experts’ Round-Table on Cold Chain Management in Hot Climates

In collaboration with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the IIR is proud to announce the 1st IIR-UNEP Joint Experts’ Round-Table on Cold Chain Management in Hot Climates.

• Publication date : 2016/01/20

Event update: 1st IIR-UNEP Joint Experts’ Round-Table on Cold Chain Management in Hot Climates

The IIR and UNEP organise a Joint Experts’ Round-Table on Cold Chain Management in Hot Climates.

• Publication date : 2016/06/08

CRH 2015 - China Refrigeration 2015

Continued focus on providing persistent improvement and innovation in the HVAC&R industry. Highlights included a Demonstration Pavilion for cold chain solutions, Ozone2Climate Roadshow & Roundtable, and a side-event covering EU F-gas...

• Publication date : 2015/04/15

The “Projects on clean and efficient refrigeration solutions for food and healthcare sectors in developing countries” workshop at ICCC 2022

An IIR workshop which has gathered the current projects in developing countries that will help to raise awareness among the industry, farmers, policymakers, and consumers… on the importance of adopting a...

• Publication date : 2022/04/29

Save the Date – The 7th IIR Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain will take place in April 2022

This international event will focus on sharing expertise on the cold chain with developing countries to address key UN sustainable development goals related to hunger, health, energy, education,...

• Publication date : 2021/06/28
• Subjects: Technology, Developing country, Environment

World Bank project in Bangladesh

The IIR has just signed an agreement with the World Bank to develop a cold chain, as sustainable as possible of course, in Bangladesh, in partnership with British and Bangladeshi universities. 

• Publication date : 2021/03/29
• Subjects: Developing country

Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during COP 26

Statement Given by the Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 26th Conference of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP 26) in...

• Publication date : 2021/11/15
• Subjects: Environment

Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during MOP 34

Statement Given by the Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 34th Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol (MOP-34) in Montréal, Canada (octobre 31 –...

• Publication date : 2022/12/12
• Subjects: Technology, Developing country, Environment

Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during COP 27

Statement Given by the Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 27th Conference of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP 27) in Charm...

• Publication date : 2022/12/12
• Subjects: Technology, Developing country, Environment

COP 28: the annual conference on climate change puts refrigeration in the spotlight!

Refrigeration will be one of the priorities at the next United Nations Conference of the Parties on climate change. It will be held in Dubai from 30 November to 12 December 2023. 

• Publication date : 2023/11/24

See what's in our events calendar for 2015 !

The IIR’s calendar in 2015 shows a promising choice of events covering cutting-edge refrigeration themes from refrigerants to energy issues; from cold chain sustainability to new refrigeration technologies.

• Publication date : 2015/01/07

IIR member news: Star Refrigeration

Star Refrigeration soon to hit US food firms with eco-friendly low-ammonia chillers and freezers

• Publication date : 2013/09/04

SophiA project: HKA Lab test progress

SophiA HKA (Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences) Lab test is intended to provide a better understanding of the cooling system in in different climate zones.

• Publication date : 2023/10/27

Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during COP 25

Statement Given by the Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 25th United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP 25), in Madrid (December 2-13, 2019).

• Publication date : 2020/04/20
• Subjects: Regulation, Environment

Sign-up to workshop at ICCC 2022: Clean and efficient refrigeration solutions for food and healthcare

Join the free online workshop on April 13 which will present the ongoing projects in developing countries that will help promote the adoption of climate-friendly refrigeration technologies.

• Publication date : 2022/03/07
• Subjects: Developing country, Environment

Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector

This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...

• Last update : 2022/01/20
• Langues : English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG