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IIR document
Experimental study of water drop freezing process on cryogenic cold surface.
Effect of hydro-thermal behavior on the frost heave of a saturated silty clay under different applied pressures.
Recommended by the IIR / IIR document
A study of automatic icemaking in household refrigerators.
Numerical modelling of an innovative microwave assisted freezing process.
Open-refrigerated retail display case temperature profile and its impact on product quality and microbiota of stored baby spinach.
Investigations of the dynamics of meat freezing at various modes of cryotreatment.
Ice slurry production in a tubular heat exchanger.
Experimental investigation of frost formation in a finned-tube evaporator under simulated real operation conditions.
THE REDISTRIBUTION OF SOLUTE IN FRONT OF THE ADVANCING ICE-LIQUID INTERFACE.
RECHERCHE SUR LA TEXTURE DES SOLUTIONS AQUEUSES CONGELEES.
RESEARCH ON CRYSTALLINE TEXTURE OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS.
SOME ASPECTS OF CALCULATING THERMAL FIELDS IN LIVING TISSUE.
Effect of initial ice formation near a cooling surface on progressive freeze-concentration process.
Numerical study on the effect of blood flow and tissue characteristics on freezing front propagation during cryosurgery.
On the freezing function of vital organs using a cryoprobe as heat source.
Three-phase model for simulating the freezing process of aqueous solutions.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
3 results
First birth following a transplant of frozen ovarian tissue
The first case of a live birth after a successful transplant of ovarian fragments taken from a patient and then conserved frozen has just been announced by Belgian gynaecologists in an article published in the British medical journal The Lancet....
Cryochemistry: chemical reactions accelerated by freezing
Surprisingly, some chemical reactions can be accelerated by freezing. The possible applications of studying such cryoreactions include the food and pharmaceutical cold chain, as well...
Refrigeration innovations for the avocado market
The booming global avocado market calls for increasing standards of quality. Refrigeration technologies offer cutting-edge solutions for fruit ripening and seed preservation for future crops.
IIR news
4 results
Activities of the IIR's Commission C1 on Cryobiology and Cryomedicine
Members of the Cryobiology and Cryomedicine Commission (C1) are working hard to reach their 2013-2015 objectives in cryobiology and cryomedicine research; knowledge dissemination; technology transfer and education.
International collaboration: The key to a prosperous future in refrigeration
The IIR puts its international network into action for the benefit of all.
Obituary: S. Forbes Pearson
Dr S Forbes Pearson, one of the most famous IIR person, passed away. The IIR presents its deepest sympathy and sincerest condolences to his family and relatives.
ICR2015: A stimulating environment for dynamic exchanges
With a focus on improving standards and the quality of life of many worldwide, as well as emphasising the importance of preserving the earth through the advancement of refrigeration applications and technology, ICR2015 is expected to attract a...
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
6 results
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables
Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Environmental impact of the ice cream industry
This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
