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Evaluation of zeotropic mixtures as refrigerants in a dedicated subcooling system of a CO₂ refrigeration plant.

• Author(s) : TOFFOLETTI G., NEBOT-ANDRÉS L., MARTINEZ-ANGELES M., CORTELLA G., LLOPIS R.
• Publication date: 2022/04
• Languages : English
• Keywords : CO2, R744, Zeotropic mixture, Subcooling, Transcritical cycle, R600, R152, Expérimentation
• Source: XI Congreso Ibérico y IX Congreso Iberoamericano de Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, CYTEF 2022.
• Formats : PDF

Numerically-predicted velocities of C1 and C2 hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant flames with air.

• Author(s) : LINTERIS G. T., BABUSHOK V.
• Publication date: 2018/07/09
• Languages : English
• Source: 2018 Purdue Conferences. 17^th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

R152 en HFO-1234yf: Energiezuinige airconditioning voor de auto. Exit R134a voor auto-AC-systemen.

R152 et HFO-1234yf: energy-efficient mobile air conditioning. The last days of R134a for mobile air conditioning.

• Author(s) : BOER R. de
• Publication date: 2008/12
• Languages : Dutch
• Keywords : R134a, R1234yf, Car, R152, Expérimentation, Refrigerant, Air conditioning
• Source: Koude & Luchtbehandeling - vol. 101 - n. 12

IIR document

Condensation of new refrigerants inside smooth and enhanced tubes.

• Author(s) : CAVALLINI A., DORETTI L., KLAMMSTEINER N., LONGO G. A., ROSSETTO L.
• Publication date: 1995/08/20
• Languages : English
• Source: For a Better Quality of Life. 19th International Congress of Refrigeration.
• Formats : PDF

Analysis of vapour extraction strategies for evaporators.

• Author(s) : JOVANE M. E., BRAUN J. E., GROLL E. A.
• Publication date: 2006/07/17
• Languages : English
• Source: 2006 Purdue Conferences. 18th International Compressor Engineering Conference at Purdue & 11th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue [CD-ROM].
• Formats : PDF

R1234yf as a working fluid in Organic Rankine Cycle systems

A recent review article presented the use of HFO R1234yf and its mixtures in Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) systems, namely in applications for waste heat recovery from internal...

• Publication date : 2021/09/07
• Subjects: Technology

R452A performance and environmental impact in refrigerated transport

A paper presented at the IIR ICCC conference in China provides a review of R452A properties, system performance and LCCP impact as an alternative refrigerant in refrigerated transport.

• Publication date : 2018/05/17

Member news: Carrier Transicold to offer R452A in the United States

Carrier Transicold proposes R452A as an alternative to R404A for refrigerated hauliers in the USA. 

• Publication date : 2021/01/27

Refrigerated transport: R452A as a “drop-in” alternative to R404A

Two major transport refrigeration companies recently announced they will offer R452A as an alternative to R404A in their transport refrigeration units.

• Publication date : 2015/08/13
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

MAC: SAE considers R1234yf as “safe and effective” and AC5 and AC6 blends as “technically credible”

The SAE International Cooperative Research Project team has concluded that “R1234yf refrigerant is safe and effective to use in automotive applications. It also concluded that “based on a detailed fault tree analysis, AC6 offers a risk profile...

• Publication date : 2013/08/27

R1234yf tested for bus air conditioning

Tests co-funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and run bus AC system company Hispacold suggest that HFO-1234yf is a near drop-in replacement refrigerant for HFC-134a in the tested Hispacold’s 12S roof top bus air-conditioning...

• Publication date : 2011/12/30

European Commission investigates over R1234yf patents

On December 16, 2011, the European Commission (EC) has "opened antitrust proceedings concerning agreements between Honeywell and DuPont" for the development of R1234yf for air-conditioning systems in cars. "

• Publication date : 2012/02/27

Daimler decides not to switch to R1234yf

After having examined real-life scenarios conducted using R1234yf, Daimler, the manufacturer of Mercedes-Benz cars, has announced its intention to stick to R134a instead of implementing R1234yf in its automobile air-conditioning systems.

• Publication date : 2012/11/20

DuPont’s new HFO 1336mzz could replace R123

DuPont has announced it is to start small scale production of a new low GWP HFO which could replace R123.

• Publication date : 2014/05/22
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Launch of the first R1234ze free-cooling chillers

The “first to market” TurboChill free cooling chillers using low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerant R1234ze are going to be launched.

• Publication date : 2013/12/18

EPA permits R1234yf to be sold to US consumers

As a result of a lawsuit brought by the AAIA and the ARPI, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a final rule that will permit R1234yf to be sold to US consumers.

• Publication date : 2013/12/29
• Subjects: Regulation

Foam blowing agents: use of R1233zd(E) is expanding

Honeywell announced that TCL, one of China’s largest appliance manufacturers, selected HFO1233zd(E) as foam blowing agent in its domestic refrigerators.

• Publication date : 2017/12/18

European Commission questions Honeywell/DuPont R1234yf collaboration

On October 21, 2014, the European Commission has sent a Statement of Objections to Honeywell and DuPont regarding cooperation on new refrigerant used in car air-conditioning systems.

• Publication date : 2014/11/24

Arkema announced the construction of a R1234yf production plant in China

Arkema, French leading supplier of refrigerants, recently announced the construction of a R1234yf production plant in Changsu (near Shanghai), China.

• Publication date : 2013/12/05

Daimler agrees to use R1234yf to comply with EU regulations

Daimler agrees to use R1234yf but will phase in CO2 from next year.

• Publication date : 2015/12/06

IIR member news: Johnson Controls YORK chiller optimised for R1233zd(E)

The YORK YZ magnetic bearing centrifugal chiller, produced by Johnson Controls, is said to be the first chiller fully optimized for ultimate performance with the low-global warming potential refrigerant R1233zd(E).

• Publication date : 2019/01/31

Member news: Koura offers an alternative refrigerant to R1234yf for mobile air conditioning 

 Koura offers a direct replacement solution for R1234yf in mobile air conditioning.  

• Publication date : 2023/12/20

News from IIR members: AICVF

AICVF is 100! The French Association of Air-conditioning, Ventilation and Refrigeration Engineers is celebrating its centenary in 2010. It will produce a book retracing the history of the association, and each issue of its CVC journal will...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants

Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...

• Last update : 2023/09/15
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : HFCs

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG