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CO2 cooling for the LHCb-Velo experiment at CERN.
Author(s) : VERLAAT B., LYSEBETTEN A. van, BEUZEKOM M. van
Summary
CO2 as evaporative coolant has gained interest for the use in high energy particle physics experiments. It is applied as coolant in the Vertex Locator (Velo) of the LHCb detector, which is an experiment at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN in Geneva. Silicon particle detectors like the Velo have special requirements on cooling. The sensors which are spread over a large volume must be kept at a stable low temperature of -7ºC at all times while the attached electronics generate a substantial amount of waste heat which has to be taken by the cooling system. The cooling infrastructure in the detector needs to be of low mass and the construction materials including the coolant need to be radiation resistant. CO2 as coolant is a good option for this application as it can withstand a large amount of radiation and has excellent thermal behaviour in small diameter tubes. The CO2 cooling system for the Velo uses the 2-phase accumulator controlled loop (2PACL) method. This method supplies low vapour quality CO2 into the evaporator at a constant pressure and requires no active components inside the radioactive environment. This paper describes the design of the Velo detector and the Velo thermal control system. It explains the 2PACL method. Test results of the VTCS are presented and experience gained during VTCS commissioning is described.
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Details
- Original title: CO2 cooling for the LHCb-Velo experiment at CERN.
- Record ID : 2009-1894
- Languages: English
- Source: 8th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Working Fluids (GL2008)
- Publication date: 2008/09/07
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Indexing
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Themes:
Thermodynamic measurements;
CO2 - Keywords: Sensor; Cooling; Research; Particle; Survey; Refrigerant; CO2; Accelerator
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