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IIR document

Particle size distribution in ice slurry systems-analysis of dual-view particle images.

• Author(s) : KOFFLER M., KAUFFELD M.
• Publication date: 2016/05/18
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Ice slurry, Ice, Measurement, Particle, Distribution
• Source: 11^th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning. Proceedings: Karlsruhe, Germany, May 18-20, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Density modification of ice particles in ice slurry.

• Author(s) : FRIESS Y., KOFFLER M., KAUFFELD M.
• Publication date: 2016/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Ice slurry, Density, Particle, Nucleation, Expérimentation, Crystallization, Refrigerant
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 62
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Density modification of ice particles in ice slurry.

• Author(s) : FRIESS Y., KOFFLER M., KAUFFELD M.
• Publication date: 2014/08/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Ice slurry, Density, Particle, Nucleation, Expérimentation, Crystallization, Refrigerant
• Source: 11^th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2014). Proceedings. Hangzhou, China, August 31-September 2, 2014.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Particle size distribution in ice slurry systems: setup and analysis.

• Author(s) : KOFFLER M., SCHAAF J., KAUFFELD M.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Ice slurry, Ice, Particle, Microscopy, Expérimentation, Distribution
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

A new concept to reduce indoor air particle concentration.

• Author(s) : ENBOM S., SALMELA H., LEHTIMÄKI M., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Design, Air quality, Pollutant, Particle, Filtration, Air conditioning, Concentration
• Source: REHVA Journal - vol. 51 - n. 4

IIR document

Numerical model of particle deposition on fin surface of heat exchanger.

• Author(s) : ZHAN F., ZHUANG D., DING G., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/12
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Finned tube, Performance, Particle, Modelling, Heat exchanger
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 72
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Particle sedimentation depression with stabilizers and surfactants on phase change materials.

• Author(s) : HIDEMA R., SUZUKI H., SATO H., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/05/18
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Structure, Stratification, Stabilizer, Solution, PCM, Particle, Expérimentation
• Source: 11^th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning. Proceedings: Karlsruhe, Germany, May 18-20, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

An analytical model for predicting the particle-deposited fin efficiency.

• Author(s) : ZHAN F., ZHUANG D., DING G.
• Publication date: 2018/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Heat exchanger, Dust, Modelling, Particle, Efficiency, Heat transfer, Fin
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 92
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Method for defrosting heat exchangers using an air-particle jet.

• Author(s) : SONOBE N., FUKIBA K., SATO S., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/12
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Jet, Aircraft, Air, Performance, Particle, Expérimentation, Defrosting, Cryogenics, Heat exchanger
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 60
• Formats : PDF

Cryogenics for high-energy particle accelerators: highlights from the first fifty years.

• Author(s) : LEBRUN P.
• Publication date: 2016/03/10
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Superconduction, Helium, Low temperature, Particle, History, Cryogenics, Accelerator

CFD investigation on particle deposition in aligned and staggered ribbed duct air flows.

• Author(s) : LU H., LU L.
• Publication date: 2016/01/25
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Enhancement, CFD, Ribbed tube, Air, Simulation, Particle, Flow
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 93

IIR document

Problems in design of cooling systems for particle detectors and relevant electronics.

• Author(s) : VACEK V., DOUBEK M.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Particle detector, Electronics, Design, Air cooler, Cooling, Refrigerant, Heat exchanger
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Influence of particle size on the magnetocaloric properties of Mn1.30Fe0.65P0.5Si0.5 powders.

• Author(s) : BARTOK A., KUEPFERLING M., CURCIO C., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/09/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Phosphorus, Calorimetry, Manganese, Magnetocaloric material, Silicon, Magnetocaloric property, Particle, Powder, Iron, Expérimentation
• Source: 7^th International Conference on Magnetic Refrigeration at Room Temperature (Thermag VII). Proceedings: Turin, Italy, September 11-14, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Investigation on cohesive force of ice particles in ice slurry for long-term ice storage.

• Author(s) : MATSUMOTO K., KUBOTA H., UMEHARA Y., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Ice slurry, Ice, Permeability, Particle, Expérimentation, Cold storage
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 90
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Heat transfer characteristics of PCM slurry using super-hydrophobic gel particles under laminar flow.

• Author(s) : OTSUBO T., MIYATA N., IWAYA M., ENDO M., NISHIO N., HIDEMA R., SUZUKI H.
• Publication date: 2022/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Heat transfer, PCM, Expérimentation, Calculation, Thermodynamic property, Laminar flow, Particle, Prandtl
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 138
• Formats : PDF

A Listeria monocytogenes biosensor based on gold nanoparticles

The innovation is an inexpensive, portable, disposable enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay-based biosensing strip that detects L. monocytogenes theough gold particle-modified screen-printed carbon electrodes.

• Publication date : 2013/05/16

ICR2011 highlights: cooling particle detectors

Cooling systems for particle detectors attracted interest at the IIR’s Congress in Prague in August 2011. These highly specific applications have very strict requirements compared with standard cooling systems: refrigerants should be resistant to...

• Publication date : 2012/02/21

A new cooling technique for superconducting cavities of particle accelerators

A team of researchers is developing a new method to cool the superconducting cavities of particle accelerators, which could make them more compact.

• Publication date : 2019/10/30

Spacewalkers replace the cooling pumps of the ISS cosmic particle detector

Two astronauts just finished successfully repairing the cooling pumps of the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer fitted to the International Space Station.

• Publication date : 2020/02/06

LHC season 3: cryogenic cooling system upgrade

The particle accelerator returned to service in 2022 after numerous improvements, including an increase in cryogenic cooling power at point 4. 

• Publication date : 2022/05/30
• Subjects: Technology

LHC Season 2: new frontiers in physics

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) – the largest and most powerful particle accelerator in the world – is gearing up for its second three-year run

• Publication date : 2015/05/13

Moving a 15m superconductive ring across the United States

Researchers from 26 institutions around the world are planning a new experiment called Muon g-2 that could influence particle physics.

• Publication date : 2013/09/05

CERN’s LHC on a hunt for Higgs boson

Two experiments led at CERN, ATLAS and CMS, attempt to discover data hinting at the existence or non-existence of the Higgs boson, a particle which is crucial to the Standard Model in physics.

• Publication date : 2012/03/09

Radiative cooling: smart materials to switch from heating to cooling

Researchers have developed a radiative thermal management device, composed of several layers of reflective/absorbent materials, capable of switching between heating and cooling...

• Publication date : 2022/09/28
• Subjects: Technology

The LHC transition to transcritical CO2 cooling technologies

A new generation of CO2 cooling for a new generation of LHC silicon detectors: a CO2 booster / CO2 evaporative (pumped) system will be adopted to cool the newly designed silicon...

• Publication date : 2021/09/07
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Briefs: LHC is thriving

In November 2009, CERN announced that the LHC was operating again, after the malfunction that led to a halt in September 2008. Experiments have since been performed at up to unprecedented levels of 7 TeV (3.5 TeV per beam). In early November 2010,...

• Publication date : 2011/02/11

Supercooling the LHC

CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the new research instrument of the world's elementary particle physics community. This discovery-making machine will explore the structure of matter and basic forces of nature on a scale never attained before....

• Publication date : 2007/02/12

LHC accelerating science

The first beam in the Large Hadron Collider at CERN was steered around the full 27 km of the world's most powerful particle accelerator on September 10, 2008, in Geneva. Beams of protons circulating in opposite directions are to be brought into...

• Publication date : 2008/10/25

Chillers: efficiency takes off

Chillers are key refrigerating systems since, according to the Department of Energy, in the US, they account for about 13% of the power consumed by the nation's buildings and 9% of the overall demand for electric power. Examples below illustrate...

• Publication date : 2008/10/25

IIR corporate members news: CERN is 50

On October 19, 2004, CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research), a corporate member of the IIR, officially celebrated its 50th anniversary in a ceremony attended by many government representatives to pay tribute to the discoveries made by...

• Publication date : 2005/02/11

FRIDOC now features a selection of MDPI articles on refrigeration

About 150 articles from MDPI journals, including review articles on various refrigeration technologies, are available in FRIDOC.

• Publication date : 2022/07/28
• Subjects: General information

Check out the latest news from FRISBEE!

In this issue two hot topics: the test carried out to increase refrigerator performance and field test monitoring of the food cold chain in European markets.

• Publication date : 2014/03/10

ICR 2011 in Prague: a Resounding Success

The 23rd IIR International Congress of Refrigeration held in Prague, on August 21-26, 2011, was highly successful...

• Publication date : 2011/08/30

Past events: The IIR around the world, August and September 2024

A look back at the IIR’s latest events during conferences (Gustav Lorentzen, Thermag, Compressors) and during sponsored vents (CHPC).

• Publication date : 2024/10/07

News from IIR members: GDF-SUEZ

GDF SUEZ continues to develop its small scale liquefied natural gas (LNG) activities in North West Europe following the awarding by Fluxys of additional berthing and storage capacity long-term rights at the Zeebrugge LNG terminal.

• Publication date : 2013/06/20

Opportunities: PhD Positions Available at nM2-Lab (Italy)

The research group at the Nanostructured Magnetic Materials Lab (nM2-Lab) is proposing several PhD positions in Rome and Genoa.

• Publication date : 2023/06/23
• Subjects: General information

News from IIR members: Nestlé

Nestlé is conducting unique research with the Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research in Switzerland (SLF) with a view to identifying the main mechanisms that alter the texture and structure of ice cream.

• Publication date : 2012/06/25

IIR Cryogenics Conference 2025: Call for abstracts to open in May!

Get ready to put pen to paper! The Programme Committee of the 18th IIR Conference on Cryogenics invites authors to submit their abstracts from May 25, 2024 – September 20, 2024.

• Publication date : 2024/03/21
• Subjects: Technology

Member news: Latest news from Air Liquide

Air Liquid inaugurates a low-carbon hydrogen production unit and promotes the development of helium refrigeration. 

• Publication date : 2021/02/23

Cryogenics and Low-Temperature Physics: New Horizons and Challenges

This Focus written by Ralf Herzog*, President of the IIR’s Cryophysics, Cryoengineering commission (Commission A1) for the Newsletter of the IIR is the third in a series of presentations of the activities and hot research topics handled by the...

• Publication date : 2012/09/21

New design for the IJR but still quality papers!

As well as original research papers the IJR also includes review articles, papers presented at IIR conferences, short reports and letters describing preliminary results and experimental details, and letters to the Editor on recent areas of...

• Publication date : 2019/11/20

Focus: The International Journal of Refrigeration (IJR)

In 1978 the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) launched a new international scientific journal, the IJR. The first volume of the IJR consisted of 4 issues comprising 29 scientific articles in all. Today, we publish 8 issues with an...

• Publication date : 2012/12/14

Publish your article in the IJR

Do you have something innovative to say about refrigeration? Find out how you can publish an article in the IIR International Journal of Refrigeration (IJR).

• Publication date : 2015/09/29

An article from the IJR on the state of the art of CO2

An article published by NTNU and SINTEF in the International Journal of Refrigeration summarises several researches on current and future "CO2 only" solutions for supermarket applications.

• Publication date : 2018/10/18

UNIDO and IIR launch a call for partners to develop cost guidelines for improving energy efficiency in retail refrigeration

As part of the Kigali Cooling Efficiency Programme funded project, UNIDO and the IIR are developing cost guidelines for incremental capital and operating costs in order to improve energy efficiency in retail refrigeration in Article 5 countries of...

• Publication date : 2019/02/25

Nanorefrigerants

Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Nanofluids

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams