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IIR document

Tools for successful use of secondary working fluids in indirect systems.

Number: pap. ID: 281

Author(s) : MELINDER Å.

Summary

Most refrigeration systems have been constructed as direct expansion systems but indirect systems with secondary circuits have long been used. Today, indirect systems with secondary (working) fluids (secondary refrigerants or coolants, heat transfer fluids, brines) are used for a number of applications from solar heating to freezers in supermarkets. What needs to be considered when using secondary fluids in indirect systems? This paper takes up two rather new publications and a DVD that have been produced as tools for a successful use of secondary working fluids in indirect systems. One publication, Properties of Secondary Working Fluids for Indirect Systems (Melinder 2010), covers thirteen types of aqueous solutions and includes a few non-aqueous heat transfer fluids as a comparison. The fluid should be chosen considering the thermal properties at the operation temperature and certain other aspects such as toxicity, environmental impact and the effect of corrosion on metals and other materials in the system. A comparison of the fluid types is given for several applications. Properties of phase changing secondary working media or fluids are considered, evaporating CO2 to some extent and ice slurry properties more extensively. The publication contains an extensive section with tables and charts of thermo-physical properties of the various types of aqueous solution. A DVD includes an Excel calculation program using equations presented in the publication and an Excel program to make fluid property values available for computer programs of the user. The second publication on indirect refrigeration and heat pump system has been produced in Swedish in cooperation with over twenty companies and persons involved in the field (Melinder 2009). Information from books, reports, magazine articles, company information has been taken in consideration. An English version, Handbook on indirect refrigeration and heat pump systems, is planned to be published in the near future. The chapters in this handbook deal among else with the following topics: direct contra indirect systems, indirect systems solutions, components in secondary circuits, secondary (working) fluids, corrosion, environmental aspects, design, dimensioning, construction, installation, control and optimization of indirect systems. An expectation is that this handbook will prove to be a useful tool to understand and work with indirect systems.

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Pages: 8 p.

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Details

  • Original title: Tools for successful use of secondary working fluids in indirect systems.
  • Record ID : 30002396
  • Languages: English
  • Source: Proceedings of the 23rd IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Prague, Czech Republic, August 21-26, 2011. Overarching theme: Refrigeration for Sustainable Development.
  • Publication date: 2011/08/21

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