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IIR document
Shell side direct expansion evaporation of ammonia on a 3-D structured surface tube bundle with exit superheat effect.
Évaporation de l’ammoniac par détente directe côté calandre sur un faisceau de tubes à surface structurée en 3-D avec effet de surchauffe en sortie.
Comparison of direct expansion and combined direct expansion and organic Rankine cycle for power generation by utilizing LNG cold energy.
Thermal performance of ground source heat pumps that use direct expansion system.
Direct expansion or chilled water. Which is better?
Performance comparison of a vertical direct expansion geothermal evaporator: PART II, multiple U-pipes.
Development of a steady-state physical-based mathematical model for a direct expansion based enhanced dehumidification air conditioning system.
Further study on the inherent operating characteristics of a variable speed direct expansion air conditioning system.
Novel lumped modeling for determining thermal performance of DX evaporator under partially-wet and fully-wet conditions.
Recommended by the IIR / IIR document
Low charge ammonia systems designed as direct expansion.
Shell side plain tube bundle performance of a multi-pass direct expansion evaporation of ammonia at various degrees of exit superheat.
A hierarchical gray-box dynamic modeling methodology for direct-expansion cooling systems to support control stability analysis.
Modelling and experimental study on a direct expansion based enhanced dehumidification air conditioning system.
A modeling study on the operational stability of a variable speed direct expansion air conditioning system.
Shell side direct expansion evaporation of ammonia on a plain tube bundle with exit superheat effect.
Investigation of energy-efficient strategy for direct expansion air-cooled air conditioning systems.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
13 results
A low charge direct expansion evaporator system configured to use less ammonia
A US-based meat processor operates a cold storage facility that uses just 1 kg approx ammonia per kW.
The CRAC (Computer Room Air Conditioning) market within the EMEA zone
The CRAC market accounts for 30,000 sold units in 2014, i.e as many as in 2013 within the EMEA zone. Like in 2013, 80% of the market is dominated by Europe.
Single-fuel LNG ferries with waste heat recovery systems
A Dutch ferry operator has recently commissioned two new ships with single-fuel LNG engines. The ships are also equipped with a waste heat recovery system to generate electricity.
Air-conditioning and heat-pump market figures in France; January-April 2014.
From January to April 2014, air-to-air heat pumps showed signs of very slight growth (2 to 4 %) whereas air-to-water heat pump sales grew by 23 %.
IIR member news: Star Refrigeration chooses CO2 to cool down a beer warehouse
Star Refrigeration, collective member of the IIR, recently published a case study about a CO2 solution used to cool down a beer warehouse.
Vapour compression refrigeration for space applications
An IJR review paper presents the history of vapour-compression refrigeration systems used in microgravity environments and sets the next steps of research needed to achieve reliable...
Heat pump sales grew in Europe in 2020
According to the latest market report by European Heat Pump Association (EHPA), heat pump sales grew by +7.4% in 2020, offering benefits both in terms of greenhouse gas emission...
Refrigeration innovations for the avocado market
The booming global avocado market calls for increasing standards of quality. Refrigeration technologies offer cutting-edge solutions for fruit ripening and seed preservation for future crops.
A novel method for frost detection
Frost growth on the evaporator coils of a refrigeration plant can dramatically reduce its efficiency. A novel indirect detection method that would avoid frost built-up has been developed.
Frost detection and defrosting methods: latest advances
A recent Purdue conference paper presents the state of the art regarding methods for retarding the onset of frosting, frost detection techniques and defrosting strategies, including those based on artificial...
The expansion of refrigeration applications of Thermal Energy Storage and PCMs
Based on a selection of papers from two recent IIR conferences, overview of thermal energy storage and PCM applications in the fields of refrigerated transport, display cabinets, fishing vessels, food processing...
Is this the final run in the quest for the Higgs Boson?
In March 2012, physicists from Fermilab’s Tevatron collider near Chicago announced that data collected could suggest the existence of the Higgs boson. Furthermore, the results coincide with the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) results released by CERN...
Recent advances in hydrogen liquefaction and storage
Several review articles present a comprehensive overview of the liquid hydrogen supply chain. IIR members Linde and Air Liquide are contributing to address the global demand for...
IIR news
4 results
Member news: latest innovations from Mirai Intex
The company Mirai Intex has just marketed a refrigeration machine using air cycle for low temperatures. Mirai Intex also markets a mobile storage solution.
Three educational and awareness-raising events within the framework of INDEE+ project in 2021
For the INDEE+ project, the end of the year 2021 was marked by several educational events aiming to raise awareness of the application of clean cooling systems offered by the CO2/R744 refrigeration...
IIR website: consult our courses!
The “Services and expertises” section of the IIR website includes a section on courses and training. The courses are among the most downloaded documents in 2022!
Registration is now open! 12th International Conference on Compressors and their Systems
Book your seat at the well-established 12th International Conference on Compressors and their Systems to take place on September 6-8, 2021.
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
1 result
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
