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Insulating foam. Fact Sheet 13.
Phasing-out HCFCs in small and medium-sized foam enterprises.
IIR document
A novel measurement system for dense foam using a single-tip optical fiber probe.
Optimization of foam characteristics for falling film evaporators.
Research on the Mixing Mechanism and Parameter Optimization of Liquid Nitrogen Foam Generator.
Experimental investigation on water drainage characteristics of open-cell metal foams with different wettabilities.
Development of mass production type rigid polyurethane foam for LNG carrier using ozone depletion free blowing agent.
High porosity open-cell metal foam as potential candidate for space cryogenic radiator.
Influence of surface wettability on liquid drainage characteristics of metal foams under sloshing conditions.
Refrigerant desorption and foaming in mixtures of HFC-134a and HFO-1234yf and a polyol ester lubricating oil.
Development and tests of loop heat pipe with multi-layer metal foams as wick structure.
Experimental investigation on buoyancy-induced convection in aluminum metal foams.
Ageing of insulated marine containers with polyurethane foam expanded with cyclopentane.
Investigation on effective thermal conductivity of MH with aluminium foam sheet and its application in a metal-hydrogen reactor.
Recommended by the IIR / IIR document
Solidification performance enhancement of encapsulated ice storage system by fins and copper foam.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
14 results
Foam blowing agents: use of R1233zd(E) is expanding
Honeywell announced that TCL, one of China’s largest appliance manufacturers, selected HFO1233zd(E) as foam blowing agent in its domestic refrigerators.
Australian government urged to action on HFCs and climate change
In August 2015, Prime Minister Tony Abbott’s cabinet announced plans to phase-down HFCs by 85% by 2036 and greenhouse gas emissions by 26-28% below 2005 levels by 2030.
World’s most powerful MRI machines push the limits of human imaging
Latest MRI machines, developed in the US and in France and designed to operate under ultra-high magnetic strength thanks to giant superconducting magnets, should notably allow major advances in the understanding of neurological diseases.
Vacuum Insulation Panels: a promising solution for domestic refrigerators
Thanks to their low thermal conductivity, Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIPs) make it possible to greatly reduce the energy consumption of domestic refrigerators. However, their adoption comes up against problems of...
Impact of ageing on the energy efficiency of refrigerating household appliances
A recent study shows an average increase in energy consumption of 11% after 2 years of operation and 27% after 16 years for these appliances. Ageing wall insulation and door gasket contribute to this...
CFC banks release larger emissions than expected
The leaks of CFC11 and CFC12 stored up in banks, if left unchecked, would delay the recovery of the Antarctic ozone hole by 6 years and add 9 billion metric tons of CO2eq to the...
Green roofs can reduce cooling demand in warm climate zones
The impact of green roofs on building energy performance was assessed in 15 climate zones. In most regions, the reduction in energy demand for cooling was greater than for...
Latest figures on HFC impact on climate change
EU reports that hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) emissions from refrigeration and air conditioning (RAC) have decreased for the fourth consecutive year since 2014. On a global scale, the impact of HFCs on climate...
Market assessment and financial schemes for sustainable cooling in Ghana and Senegal
In partnership with the UNEP’s “United for Efficiency”, Ghana and Senegal have implemented financing schemes to replace obsolete ACs and refrigerators, as part of the ECOWAS Refrigerators and Air Conditioners...
Vaccines: a step towards thermostability
Ensilication of the protein molecules of a vaccine against tuberculosis prevents its deterioration by heat.
India: scenarios for a sustainable development of the refrigeration sector
A recent study shows that an accelerated transition from HFCs to low-GWP refrigerants would allow India to go beyond the requirements of the Kigali Amendment and ensure sustainable...
France: The HFC tax plan defered to January 1, 2019.
A video excerpt of the French finance commission informs the debate on taxes on HFCs.
In France, the tax on HFCs is still under discussion (in French)
Update on the latest developments regarding the HFC tax, which finally appears in the 2018 finance bill.
Cold temperatures, a potential ally against cancer
Exposure to cold temperatures can reduce tumour growth by slowing down the glucose metabolism of cancer cells.
IIR news
3 results
Small steps towards a giant leap! Parties to the Montreal Protocol continue discussions on HFCs
Last week saw another step towards a global agreement on the phase down of ozone depleting substances, the event started with a buzz around the new amendment proposals to the Montreal Protocol.
Member news: Carrier Transicold's innovative electrical technologies for refrigerated transport
Carrier Transicold promotes a new all-electric and autonomous cooling system for semi-trailers that completes its 100% electric range.
New IIR members
The IIR welcomes the following new members: - Corporate members SB Alliance, Viroflay, France Soko Inzinjering, Krnjesevci, Serbia - Private members Mr Vincent Fargant, France Mr David Limb, Canada Mr Jianghong Wu, China - Junior...
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
1 result
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
