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IIR document

Evaluation of flammability characteristics of mixed refrigerants R134a/R1270, R134a/R170, and R170/R1270.

• Author(s) : ZHANG Z., HE G., NING Q., WANG Z., YANG W., HUA J., ZHOU S.
• Publication date: 2023/12
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R134a, Flammability, Expérimentation, R170, R1270, Inhibition, Thermodynamic property, Binary mixture
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - Vol. 156
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Theoretical investigation on the performance of a modified refrigeration cycle with R170/R290 for freezers application.

• Author(s) : CHEN Q., ZHOU L., YAN G., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Freezer, Cycle, Energy efficiency, Zeotropic mixture, Modelling, Performance, R170, R290, Exergy
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 104
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Theoretical investigation on the performance of a modified refrigeration cycle using binary zeotropic hydrocarbon mixture R170/R290.

• Author(s) : YAN G., HE C., YU J.
• Publication date: 2018/10
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Low temperature, R290, R170, Performance, Modelling, Zeotropic mixture, Binary mixture, Cycle, Freezer
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 94
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Theoretical analysis of a double ejector-expansion autocascade refrigeration cycle using hydrocarbon mixture R290/R170.

• Author(s) : LIU Y., YU J., YAN G.
• Publication date: 2018/10
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R290, R170, Simulation, Propane, Performance, Mixture, Ethane, Ejector, Energy efficiency, Expansion, Freezer
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 94
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Experimental investigation on flow condensation heat transfer and pressure drop of R170 in a horizontal tube.

• Author(s) : ZHUANG X. R., GONG M. Q., ZOU X., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Horizontal tube, Heat transfer, R170, Expérimentation, Ethane, Flow, Condensation, Pressure drop
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 66
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Experimental investigation of the performance of a low-temperature refrigeration cycle using R170/R290 and R1150/R600a mixtures.

• Author(s) : MONROS-ANDREU G., PRADES L., SAEZ A., MARIN E., LLOPIS R., PATIÑO J.
• Publication date: 2022/06/13
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Low temperature, Zeotropic mixture, Expérimentation, R600a, R1150, R290, R170, Binary mixture, Testing, Medical application
• Source: 15^th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2022). Proceedings. Trondheim, Norway, June 13-15^th 2022.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Experimental performance analysis of a packaged R290 refrigeration unit retrofitted with R170 for ultra-low temperature freezing.

• Author(s) : RODRIGUEZ-CRIADO J. C., EXPÓSITO CARRILLO J. A., PERIS PÉREZ B., DOMÍNGUEZ MUÑOZ F.
• Publication date: 2022/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Low temperature, Expérimentation, R170, Ethane, Propane, Cascade system, R290, Retrofitting, COP, Packaged unit, Indirect system
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 134
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Energy and exergy analysis of an air-source heat pump water heater system using CO2/R170 mixture as an azeotropy refrigerant for sustainable development.

• Author(s) : WANG D., LIU Y., KOU Z., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/10
• Languages : English
• Keywords : CO2, Refrigerant, COP, Azeotropic mixture, Modelling, Performance, Heat pump, R170, R744, Exergy, Thermodynamics, Water heater
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 106
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Global warming potential of hydrocarbon refrigerants.

• Author(s) : COLBOURNE D., VONSILD A.
• Publication date: 2018/06/18
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R600a, R1270, Calculation, R601, R290, R170, Hydrocarbon, GWP
• Source: 13^th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2018). Proceedings. Valencia, Spain, June 18-20th 2018.
• Formats : PDF

Optimal process synthesis for refrigeration system of associated gas low-temperature condensation plant.

• Author(s) : OSTAPENKO O., YAKOVLEVA O., KHMELNIUK M., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Exergy, Ukraine, R290, R170, Mixture, Refrigerant, Condensation, Concentration, Centrifugal compressor
• Source: Holodil'na Tehnika i Tehnologiâ - vol. 51 - n.5

IIR document

A cryogenic visual apparatus for solid-liquid equilibrium and the measurement of CH₄ + C₂H₆.

• Author(s) : WANG X., ZHAO X., YIN W., ZHANG J., ZHAO Y., DONG X., GONG M.
• Publication date: 2023/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Cryogenics, Fluid, Mixture, R50, Methane, R170, Ethane, Equilibrium, Phase, Expérimentation
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 153
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Modeling of vapor–liquid–liquid equilibria in binary mixtures.

• Author(s) : TZABAR N., BRAKE H. J. M. ter
• Publication date: 2016/10
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Equilibrium, Liquid-vapour, R290, R170, Modelling, Binary mixture, Expérimentation, Refrigerant
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 70
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

A fundamental equation of state for lubricant-refrigerant mixtures with optimization based on transport and interfacial properties.

• Author(s) : GÖPFER T., THOMAS C., HESSE U.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Viscosity, Lubricant, R170, Thermodynamic property, Modelling, Mixture, Equation of state, Entropy, Refrigerant
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Measurement of thermophysical properties of low-viscous polyol ester lubricants in carbon dioxide, ethane and ethylene atmospheres.

• Author(s) : GÖPFERT T., THOMAS C., HESSE U.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Measurement, Lubricant, R744, R170, R1150, Thermodynamic property, Mixture, Ethylene, Ethane, Refrigerant, CO2
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Experimental investigation on flow condensation of zeotropic mixtures of methane/ethane in a horizontal smooth tube.

• Author(s) : ZHUANG X. R., CHEN G. F., GUO H., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/01
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Heat transfer coefficient, Methane, R50, R170, Zeotropic mixture, Expérimentation, Ethane, Flow, Condensation
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 85
• Formats : PDF

US: EPA expands the use of 4 hydrocarbons and R32

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recently authorised the use of four hydrocarbon refrigerants and R32 in various applications.

• Publication date : 2015/06/19

US EPA proposes acceptance of hydrocarbons and R32 in 6 applications

The US EPA has proposed a range of acceptable uses for hydrocarbon refrigerants – R600a, R290, R170 and R441A along with R32 under the EPA’s Significant New Alternatives Policy (SNAP)

• Publication date : 2014/09/08
• Subjects: Regulation

Reducing the environmental impact of ultra-low temperature refrigeration systems

Ultra-low temperature (ULT) refrigeration systems often use very high-GWP HFCs. Yet, ULT systems are excluded from the scope of the regulations aimed at phasing-down HFCs. An IJR paper reviews the most promising...

• Publication date : 2020/04/05
• Subjects: Environment, HFCs alternatives

The hydrocarbon market in the Asia Pacific

The hydrocarbon market in the Asia Pacific will reach USD 128.5 million in 2018, according to a new market report by MicroMarket Monitor.

• Publication date : 2014/12/11
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Latest news on HFCs alternatives

R470A, R470B, R466: What applications and what features for these new non-flammable refrigerants?

• Publication date : 2019/12/30

Data centre uses river water for cooling

The American company Nautilus commissioned its first data centre naturally cooled by water from a river in April. 

• Publication date : 2021/05/31

Sales of domestic refrigerators decline in France in 2023

According to Gifam, a grouping of household appliance brands, sales of domestic refrigerators in France declined in 2023, due to a challenging property and economic...

• Publication date : 2024/03/15
• Subjects: Figures, economy

A new non-flammable mixture to boost the performance of CO2 systems

In a recent IJR article, researchers propose combining R744 with Dimethyl-ether (DME) to boost system performance while ensuring safety and low environmental impact, in a recent IJR...

• Publication date : 2024/02/26
• Subjects: Technology

UNIDO rewards Midea’s efforts in environmental protection

Midea’s work on the use of propane (R290) in air conditioning has been recognized by UNIDO.

• Publication date : 2020/11/27
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Air conditioning: towards a relaxation of the rules for the use of flammable refrigerants

While the European Commission is paving the way for the use of flammable refrigerants as an alternative for split systems, the current revision of the international standard IEC 60335-2-40 should allow higher...

• Publication date : 2020/10/22
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

AHRI releases August 2022 US heating and cooling equipment shipment data

AHRI provides monthly data on heating and cooling equipment shipped by US manufacturers in the US market. The data provided covers the two months prior to the month of release....

• Publication date : 2022/10/24
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Carrier completes the acquisition of Linde Refrigeration

On October 1, 2004, Carrier Corporation announced the completion of the acquisition of Linde Refrigeration, the European leader in commercial refrigeration and formerly a division of Linde AG, for 390 million USD. Linde's manufacturing facilities,...

• Publication date : 2004/11/19

Organic products strengthening frozen food market

Consumers are slowly warming up again to frozen foods due to convenience of the products and the recent introduction of more natural and organic frozen offerings.

• Publication date : 2015/03/19

The latest in laptop cooling technology

The latest developments in laptop cooling technology are based on liquid cooling systems which are thermally more efficient than regular air-based systems. In the past, liquid cooling was not a practical option for laptops because there wasn’t...

• Publication date : 2013/06/25

Modern technology permits economical refrigerated shipments

The number of refrigerated shipments, and thus the number of refrigerated containers, has risen worldwide in recent years. Hamburg Süd is optimizing the use of cooling energy and will reduce the energy consumption of its reefer containers by 15%...

• Publication date : 2013/06/27

Now available: IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference Papers 2022

Download one or all of the 170 technical papers from the 15th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants!

• Publication date : 2023/05/02
• Subjects: General information

CRH 2015 - China Refrigeration 2015

Continued focus on providing persistent improvement and innovation in the HVAC&R industry. Highlights included a Demonstration Pavilion for cold chain solutions, Ozone2Climate Roadshow & Roundtable, and a side-event covering EU F-gas...

• Publication date : 2015/04/15

News from IIR members: GDF-SUEZ

GDF SUEZ continues to develop its small scale liquefied natural gas (LNG) activities in North West Europe following the awarding by Fluxys of additional berthing and storage capacity long-term rights at the Zeebrugge LNG terminal.

• Publication date : 2013/06/20

Activities of the IIR’s Commission D2 on Refrigerated Transport

The role of the IIR is well recognized worldwide, and in particular the expertise of the members of Commission D2 makes an important contribution to refrigerated transport issues: avoiding the wastage of food and the minimizing of emissions.

• Publication date : 2013/07/01

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs