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New perspectives for the application of large-scale heat pumps.

• Author(s) : HUETTL C., WENN N., VOSS J., REISSNER F., SCHAEFER J.
• Publication date: 2023/05/15
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Industrial application, Heat pump, District heating, Large scale, High temperature
• Source: 14^th IEA Heat Pump Conference 2023, Chicago, Illinois.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Performance monitoring of closed cooling towers for fouling detection.

• Author(s) : NIENBORG B., SANTHANAM S., MATHIEU M., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Tube bundle, Measurement, Heat transfer, Cooling tower, Temperature, Expérimentation, Thickness, Scaling, Fouling
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

On-farm milk cooling solution based on insulated cans with integrated ice compartment.

• Author(s) : TORRES-TOLEDO V., HACK A., MRABET F., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Small scale, Milk, Temperature, Cooling, Developing country, Dairy, Farm, Expérimentation, Solar cooling
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 90
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Modeling and analysis of an ammonia–water absorption refrigeration system utilizing waste heat with large temperature span.

• Author(s) : LU D., XU Q., CHEN G.
• Publication date: 2019/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Exergy, Heat recovery, Ammonia-water, Absorption system, Modelling, Temperature scale, Waste heat
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 103
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Numerical analysis of a near-room-temperature magnetic cooling system.

• Author(s) : EZAN M. A., EKREN O., METIN C., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/03
• Languages : English
• Keywords : CFD, Magnetocaloric cooling, Heat transfer, Modelling, Magnetocaloric effect, Temperature scale, Ambient condition
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 75
• Formats : PDF

Performance characterization of an ice-storage system for small scale cooling applications.

• Author(s) : BEDRU HUSSEN M., TORRES-TOLEDO V., MÜLLER J., ALEMU D., CORONAS A.
• Publication date: 2020/11/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Ice, Energy storage, Small scale, Compressor, Temperature, Performance, COP, Energy efficiency, Expérimentation
• Source: X Congreso Ibérico y VIII Congreso Iberoamericano de Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, CYTEF 2020.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Investigation of an air source heat pump water heating system working at wide temperature scale.

• Author(s) : CHEN J., CHEN Y., LUO X., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

Small-scale phase change materials in low-temperature applications: a review.

• Author(s) : WEISS L., JHA R.
• Publication date: 2023/03
• Languages : English
• Source: Energies - vol. 16 - n. 6
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Performance measurements on a large-scale magnetocaloric cooling application at room temperature.

• Author(s) : CHAUDRON J. B., MULLER C., HITTINGER M., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/09/16
• Languages : English
• Source: 8^th International Conference on Caloric Cooling (Thermag VIII). Proceedings: Darmstadt, Germany, September 16-20, 2018.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Waste heat driven ammonia-water absorption chiller for high temperature residential-scale applications.

• Author(s) : KINI G., TAMBASCO M., CHANDRASEKARAN S., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Microchannel, Chiller, Ammonia-water, Absorption system, Prototype, Modelling, High temperature, COP, Waste heat, Heat exchanger
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

Design and application of distributed economic model predictive control for large-scale building temperature regulation.

• Author(s) : PATEL N. R., RAWLINGS J. B., WENZEL M. J., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/07/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Commercial building, Temperature, Control (automatic), Simulation, Performance, Optimization
• Source: 2016 Purdue Conferences. 4^th International High Performance Buildings Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Modeling and experimental investigation of a pilot-scale adsorption chiller using low-temperature heat from cogeneration.

• Author(s) : CHOROWSKI M., PYRKA P.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Heat, Low temperature, Chiller, Adsorption, Modelling, Testing, Cogeneration
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Scale up of MnFePSi materials in a broad temperature range and manufacturing of advanced heat exchanger structures.

• Author(s) : DÖTZ F., ASTEN D. van, BARRERA-MEDRANO D., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/09/11
• Languages : English
• Source: 7^th International Conference on Magnetic Refrigeration at Room Temperature (Thermag VII). Proceedings: Turin, Italy, September 11-14, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

Techniques de réfrigération cryogénique pour les laboratoires de physique de la matière.

Cryocooling for physics of matter laboratories.

• Author(s) : GANDIT P.
• Publication date: 2014/09
• Languages : French
• Keywords : Technology, Helium 4, Helium 3, Helium, Cryostat, Low temperature, Liquid helium, Adiabatic demagnetization, Review, Demagnetization, Cryogenics
• Source: Revue générale du Froid & du Conditionnement d'air - vol. 103 - n. 1146

IIR document

HFO-1336mzz(Z) and HCFO-1233zd(E) as alternatives to HFC-245fa in organic Rankine cycles for micro-scale low temperature applications.

• Author(s) : NAVARRO-ESBRÍ J., MOLÉS F., AMAT-ALBUIXECH M., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R245fa, Organic Rankine cycle, Low temperature, Low GWP, R1336mzz(Z), R1233zd(E), Substitute, HFO, Expérimentation
• Source: 1^st IIR international conference on the application of HFO refrigerants, Birmingham, September 2-5 2018.
• Formats : PDF

Successful test of a dilution refrigerator for quantum computers

IBM scientists have succeeded in cooling a quantum computer chip to a temperature of 25 mK using a large-scale dilution refrigerator. 

• Publication date : 2022/10/27
• Subjects: Technology

Temperature and energy performance of domestic cold appliances in England

A paper from A. Biglia et al.presents the results of a large-scale survey of domestic cold appliances in households in England, UK. Simultaneous measurements of the temperature inside and outside of the cold appliances, as well as the electricity...

• Publication date : 2018/04/30

Energy storage thanks to refrigeration

Electrical energy is notoriously difficult to store, especially on a large scale and this can be particularly problematical when dealing with irregular sources such as wind power for which there can be a great mismatch between energy supply and...

• Publication date : 2009/02/25

Uncertainty in the prediction of the climate response to rising levels of GHG

According to a study published in Nature on January 27, 2005, the climate response to rising levels of greenhouse gases could be much worse than predicted. The study, carried out by Pr Stainforth's team, shows the uncertainty in the predictions....

• Publication date : 2005/03/15

Supercooling the LHC

CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the new research instrument of the world's elementary particle physics community. This discovery-making machine will explore the structure of matter and basic forces of nature on a scale never attained before....

• Publication date : 2007/02/12

IIR Rankine Conference 2020: Which alternative working fluids for ORC systems?

HFOs (hydrofluoroolefins), HCFOs (hydrochlorofluoroolefins) and hydrocarbons were the main alternatives to HFC245fa presented during the IIR Rankine Conference 2020.

• Publication date : 2020/09/04
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Invasion of a Body Snatcher

New research by French scientists has revealed how Listeria monocytogenes can activate the cellular transport machinery that transports viruses and small molecules and proteins and use it to invade cells and hide from the body's immune system....

• Publication date : 2005/11/23

5th generation district heating and cooling networks in Europe

A recent generation of district heating and cooling networks is developing in Europe, using low temperature renewable energy heat sources (such as shallow...

• Publication date : 2022/02/28
• Subjects: Technology

Briefs: Thermoacoustics for air conditioning

The Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), is developing a new form of refrigeration for cooling at room temperature, based on thermoacoustics, which was previously used only for cryogenic temperatures. The technology PARC developed is claimed to...

• Publication date : 2010/05/27

Cryogenics: A new cryocooler

A new cryocooler has been demonstrated at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) that combines small-size, rapid cooling, low temperatures and high efficiency. It is a "pulse tube" design that uses oscillating helium gas to...

• Publication date : 2007/05/04

Sorption chillers

Sorption chiller technology is rapidly developing, especially that using solar energy. - As highlighted by Jacob and Kohlenbach* during the latest IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Working Fluids in Sydney, in Europe, numerous new...

• Publication date : 2011/02/07

Briefs: English pears all year round

Tesco, a UK-based retailer, has announced the availability of English pears all year round. Until now, the autumn fruit, which some consider the best in the world, was only available from September-May. Tesco's biggest pear supplier, Adrian...

• Publication date : 2011/02/11

Overview of data center cooling technologies

The very huge growth in Internet traffic requires the continued development of new energy-efficient data center cooling technologies, based primarily on liquid...

• Publication date : 2022/12/15
• Subjects: Technology

Supermarket news

Tesco ( Thailand ) has almost completed a 5-year £18-million programme to replace all CFCs and HCFCs used in its stores and is replacing refrigerating equipment with highly energy-efficient systems. Energy consumption has dropped 30%, this being...

• Publication date : 2005/06/14

ICR2011 highlights: cooling particle detectors

Cooling systems for particle detectors attracted interest at the IIR’s Congress in Prague in August 2011. These highly specific applications have very strict requirements compared with standard cooling systems: refrigerants should be resistant to...

• Publication date : 2012/02/21

IIR Seminar in Tunis brings to the forefront the social and economic strategic importance of the cold chain

Recognising the social and economic importance of this issue on a global scale, the IIR organised a seminar on the Logistics For Transport Of Foodstuffs Under Controlled Temperatures In Hot Countries on October 25, 2016 in Tunis (Tunisia),...

• Publication date : 2016/12/14

Download the IIR Seminar on the Logistics For Transport Of Foodstuffs Under Controlled Temperatures In Hot Countries presentations

Recognising the social and economic importance of this issue on a global scale, the IIR organised a seminar on the Logistics For Transport Of Foodstuffs Under Controlled Temperatures In Hot Countries on October 25, 2016 in Tunis (Tunisia).

• Publication date : 2016/12/13

Download the latest technical papers from the IIR Cryogenics Conference

Held on 8-11 April this year, the 15th IIR Cryogenics Conference welcomed over 120 guests from more than 22 countries.

• Publication date : 2019/07/02

The Cold Chain: A logistical challenge at the heart of the distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine 

Gérald Cavalier - President of the Science and Technology Council of the International Institute of Refrigeration, President of the French Association of Refrigeration, President of the Cemafroid...

• Publication date : 2020/11/23
• Subjects: Technology, General information

IIR conference on caloric cooling Thermag VIII: highlights

Thermag VIII was an opportunity to present new developments regarding magnetocaloric, electrocaloric and elastocaloric cooling.

• Publication date : 2018/10/18

The IIR at the heart of magnetic refrigeration

Magnetic refrigeration technology proves more alluring than ever: conferences, workshops and research projects continue to make waves.

• Publication date : 2015/03/25

Press release: The International Institute of Refrigeration Publishes an Informatory Note on The Impact of the Refrigeration Sector on Climate Change

In line with its corporate objective to promote knowledge of refrigeration and associated technologies and applications on a global scale, the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) has published a new Informatory Note on “The Impact of...

• Publication date : 2017/12/04

IIR member news: Angelantoni Group

“COLD ENERGY” is an innovative solution to improve energy efficiency both for old and new compression refrigeration systems by transferring a highly efficient automotive technology to enhance energy recovery of heat exchangers.

• Publication date : 2017/01/20

Member news: Linde to develop cryogenic cooling solutions for quantum computers

Linde, corporate member of the IIR, partners with Bluefors to develop cryogenic cooling solutions for quantum computing technology. 

• Publication date : 2021/04/29

Supercooling and superchilling: A solution to increased shelf life and reduced food waste?

If these technologies were combined with perfusion chilling for meat and fish, then additional benefits such as rapid cooling, low weight loss and novel products could result.

• Publication date : 2015/10/27

IC2015 Workshops: An opportunity to join, share and build together

ICR2015: A chance to actively participate in the innovation of refrigeration.

• Publication date : 2015/06/17

Press release: The International Institute of Refrigeration produces five Cold Chain Technology Briefs in partnership with UN Environment OzonAction

The IIR commissioned several of its experts in their capacity as presidents of an IIR section, an IIR commission and as an IIR member to produce five Cold Chain Technology Briefs in partnership with UN Environment OzonAction.

• Publication date : 2018/01/25

Press release: The IIR International Dictionary of Refrigeration is now freely accessible online

Available in 11 languages, the complete version of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) International Dictionary of Refrigeration is now freely accessible online.

• Publication date : 2018/02/01

Press release: An impressive 1,000 abstracts received for the 25th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration

First held in 1908, the International Congress of Refrigeration presented by the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) is now the world’s leading event for research and industry in the HVACR sector, cryogenics included.

• Publication date : 2018/07/20

Press release: The IIR Launches Quiz on The Impact of Refrigeration on the Climate Change

In conjunction with the newly released 35th IIR Informatory Note on The Impact of the Refrigeration Sector on Climate Change, the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) has launched a quiz on “Refrigeration and the environment”, which...

• Publication date : 2017/12/14

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables

Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...

• Last update : 2023/01/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Fruit, Vegetables