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IIR document

Mathematical simulation on the surface temperature variation of fresh-cut leafy vegetable during vacuum cooling.

• Author(s) : SONG X. Y., LIU B. L., JAGANATHAN G. K.
• Publication date: 2016/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Vacuum, Temperature variation, Heat transfer, Cooling, Surface, Simulation, Vegetable
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 65
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Effect of temperature variation on cold electronics based LC oscillator for RRR measurement.

• Author(s) : KARUNANITHI R., SAGAR P., SINGH G. A.
• Publication date: 2017/05/15
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Superconduction, Sensor, Temperature variation, Testing, Electric conductivity
• Source: Cryogenics 2017. Proceedings of the 14^th IIR International Conference: Dresden, Germany, Mai 15-19, 2017.
• Formats : PDF

Desviación de la temperatura de retorno de agua en instalaciones HVAC de edificios o de distrito (DH&C): su impacto en el consumo y como evitarla.

Variation of return water temperature in building or district HVAC installations: its impact on energy use and how to avoid it.

• Author(s) : DE LARA J. F. P., VÍLCHEZ J.
• Publication date: 2017/02
• Languages : Spanish
• Keywords : Thermostatic expansion valve, Generality, Building, Temperature variation, Air conditioning, Water circuit
• Source: Frío Calor Aire acondicionado - n. 499
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Modulation characteristics of a linear compressor for evaporating and condensing temperature variations for household refrigerators.

• Author(s) : KIM J. K., KIM J. B.
• Publication date: 2014/04
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Refrigerating system, Linear compressor, Temperature variation, Household refrigerator, Free piston, Modelling, Evaporation, Condensation, Compressor
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 40
• Formats : PDF

Numerical evaluation on the effects of soil freezing on underground temperature variations of soil around ground heat exchangers.

• Author(s) : YANGA W., KONGA L., CHEN Y.
• Publication date: 2015/01/22
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Geothermy, Temperature variation, Heat transfer, Underground, Heat pump, Modelling, Ground freezing
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 75

IIR document

Experimental study of air cargo temperature variations and its impact on mango quality.

• Author(s) : CHAOMUANG N., LAGUERRE O., DENIS A., PAVIET SALOMON Y., MAWILAI P., SRISAWAT K., DERENS-BERTHEAU E., NDOYE F. T., PONGSUTTIYAKORN T., RAKMAE S., PUN U. K., SIRISOMBOON P., PORNCHALOEMPONG P., DURET S.
• Publication date: 2024/04
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Tropical fruit, Mango, Cold chain, Expérimentation, Organoleptic property, Refrigerated transport, Ambient condition, Relative humidity, CFD, Storage life, Temperature variation, Export, Air transport
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 160
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Verification of simulated drying weight of packaged frozen food with temperature fluctuation during storage.

• Author(s) : WANG Z., ITO H., REDO M. A., SUZUKI T., WATANABE M.
• Publication date: 2022/04/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Simulation, Frozen food, Drying, Expérimentation, Temperature variation, Mass
• Source: 7^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain Online. Proceedings: April 11-13 2022
• Formats : PDF

Field measurement and analysis on temperature fluctuation range of room with split air conditioners in summer.

[In Chinese. / En chinois.]

• Author(s) : LI Z., ZHANG Q., LU W., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/07
• Languages : Chinese
• Keywords : Split system, Measurement, Air conditioner, Temperature variation, Summer
• Source: HV & AC - vol. 44 - n. 292
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Effects of the magnetic field on the freezing parameters of the pork.

• Author(s) : TANG J., SHAO S., TIAN C.
• Publication date: 2019/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Temperature variation, Quality, Pork, Expérimentation, Freezing, Magnetic field
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 107
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Salting of mackerel fillets in refrigerated brine.

• Author(s) : WIDELL K. N., STANDAL I. B., SCHEI M., INDERGÅRD E., NORDTVEDT T. S.
• Publication date: 2020/08/26
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Fish, Mackerel, Brine, Expérimentation, Salt (generic), Temperature variation
• Source: 6^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Nantes, France, August 26-28 2020
• Formats : PDF, Video

IIR document

Numerical investigation of working fluid influence on stirling refrigeration machine performance.

• Author(s) : KHMELNIUK M., TRANDAFILOV V. V., OSTAPENKO O., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/09/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Refrigerating equipment, Temperature variation, Stirling, Modelling, Rotary compressor
• Source: Compressors 2017: 9^th International Conference on Compressors and Coolants.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Temperature inversion and heat transport against the temperature drop in two-phase convection of cryogenic helium.

• Author(s) : URBAN P., SCHMORANZER D., HANZELKA P., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/04/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Helium, Heat, Temperature variation, Transport, Expérimentation, Cryogenics, Convection
• Source: Cryogenics 2014. Proceedings of the 13^th IIR International Conference: Prague, Czech Republic, April 7-11, 2014.
• Formats : PDF

Simulation and comparison of cooling performances of refrigerated vehicles with different structures.

[In Chinese. / En chinois.]

• Author(s) : ZHANG X., HAN J., YANG X., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/04
• Languages : Chinese
• Keywords : Refrigerated truck, CFD, Temperature variation, Temperature, Simulation, Apple, Expérimentation
• Source: Journal of Refrigeration - vol. 39 - n. 2
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

The characteristics of cargo temperature rising in reefer container under refrigeration-failure condition.

• Author(s) : KAN A., WANG T., ZHU W., CAO D.
• Publication date: 2021/03
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Simulation, CFD, Container, Sea transport, Failure, Temperature variation, Expérimentation, Modelling
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 123
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Performance of domestic refrigerators in laboratory and home environments.

• Author(s) : BIGLIA A., GEMMELL A. J., FOSTER H. J., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Energy consumption, Comparison, Laboratory, Temperature variation, Household refrigerator, Testing, Survey
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

Refrigeration thanks to plastic crystals

Researchers have found that "plastic crystals" undergo particularly high temperature variations when subjected to pressure changes. These materials could be used for the development of the promising technology of barocaloric refrigeration.

• Publication date : 2019/04/30

Energy storage thanks to refrigeration

Electrical energy is notoriously difficult to store, especially on a large scale and this can be particularly problematical when dealing with irregular sources such as wind power for which there can be a great mismatch between energy supply and...

• Publication date : 2009/02/25

Earth-to-air heat exchanger for air conditioning in a Colombian tropical weather

In a recent theoretical study, a passive cooling system using an earth-to-air heat exchanger (EAHE) was modelled for the Colombian tropical weather.

• Publication date : 2021/08/02
• Subjects: Developing country, Technology

Magnetic refrigeration, a promising technology for the liquefaction of hydrogen

A keynote at the recent IIR Congress highlights magnetic refrigeration as a technology with high potential for the liquefaction of hydrogen, an essential energy vector for decarbonisation. 

• Publication date : 2023/11/28

ICR 2019: an overview of current refrigeration research (part II)

Presentation of the main scientific and technical topics covered in the papers of the 25th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration and summary of some of the 14 keynotes.

• Publication date : 2019/09/30
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Benefits of closed display cabinets for food preservation

A recent article in the IJR shows that in comparison to an open display cabinet, a closed display cabinet achieves lower product temperature and better temperature homogeneity, even with a high door-opening frequency.

• Publication date : 2019/08/29

Out of the ordinary: Keeping clay soldiers (relatively) cool

The largest group of terracotta figures ever lent by China was on display at the British Museum until April 6, 2008. The Chinese government required the 20 warriors to be kept at temperatures of 22°C + 2°C and at humidity levels of 45% RH + 8%, a...

• Publication date : 2008/05/13

Cold storage of evergreen seedlings affected by global warming

Due to global warming, conifer seedlings are more often exposed to desiccation during snow-free winters. Overwinter cold storage allows to improve their survival, provided that...

• Publication date : 2022/05/23
• Subjects: Technology, Environment

Fluctuating temperatures increase E. Coli and Listeria risk in leafy greens

A new study has found that fluctuations in temperature during transportation and retail sale of leafy greens negatively impacts both the product’s quality and microbial safety.

• Publication date : 2014/03/20

Honey is an efficient natural cryoprotectant in fertility preservation

While several review articles point to the need for new, effective and less toxic cryoprotectants, honey has proven to be an effective non-penetrating...

• Publication date : 2022/03/31
• Subjects: Technology

New developments in cryogenic storage

An innovating solution for cryogenic storage of products has been patented and marketed. This system makes it possible to store products at -190°C in a totally dry environment without using liquid nitrogen in the storage space. The risks inherent...

• Publication date : 2005/02/14

Reducing the economic costs of a direct-use geothermal heating system

Italian researchers have modelled a polymer heat exchanger to reduce the cost of a direct-use geothermal heating system for a single building in the active volcano district of the...

• Publication date : 2022/02/21
• Subjects: Technology

Efficient cooling methods to reduce heat stress in pigs

Microclimate parameters such as air temperature and humidity are important indicators of animal welfare. Besides, heat stress is more detrimental to productivity in the swine...

• Publication date : 2020/10/22
• Subjects: Technology

Challenges related to the adoption of air conditioning in emerging economies by 2040

The authors of a recent article modelled the adoption of air conditioning by 2040 in four emerging economies: Brazil, India, Indonesia, and Mexico. The adoption of AC could increase between two- to sixteen-fold,...

• Publication date : 2021/11/29
• Subjects: Figures, economy, Developing country

The expansion of refrigeration applications of Thermal Energy Storage and PCMs

Based on a selection of papers from two recent IIR conferences, overview of thermal energy storage and PCM applications in the fields of refrigerated transport, display cabinets, fishing vessels, food processing...

• Publication date : 2021/11/29

News from IIR members: Sofrigam

The number of drugs (e.g. targeted therapies, new vaccines, anti-diabetic drugs and blood derivatives) transported and kept at a controlled temperature is growing rapidly and these products are increasingly sensitive to temperature variations. In...

• Publication date : 2008/08/12

New IIR Informatory Note on passive cooling

The IIR’s latest Informatory Note demonstrates that passive cooling technologies can contribute significantly to reducing energy demand for air conditioning. 

• Publication date : 2022/04/29
• Subjects: Technology

1st IIR International Cold and Sustainability Conference

The 1st IIR Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain held in Cambridge, UK, on March 29-31, 2010 attracted over 150 participants from 22 countries. Academia, public and corporate research centres, public agencies and administrations, and...

• Publication date : 2010/05/27

New IIR Informatory Note on thermal energy storage systems

IIR’s latest Informatory Note demonstrates that a well-designed TES system can reduce energy consumption through more efficient equipment operation and lower investment costs, thus reducing the equipment...

• Publication date : 2022/01/28

IIR member news: Embraco

Embraco, IIR Corporate Member, announced the launch of a new oil-less linear compressor design for domestic refrigeration.

• Publication date : 2014/04/27

Discover the 30th Informatory Note on Heat-Sensitive Health Products

In this Informatory Note, the IIR has defined the issues and challenges that need to be addressed in order to ensure that reliable cold chains, along the distribution chain of products essential to public health, are put in place.

• Publication date : 2016/01/13

Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables

Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...

• Last update : 2023/01/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Fruit, Vegetables

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG