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The implications of residential air conditioning refrigerant choice on future hydrofluorocarbon consumption in the United States.

Author(s) : GODWIN D. S., FERENCHIAK R.

Type of article: Periodical article

Summary

As the primary alternative to ozone-depleting refrigerants, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) have increased in use and emissions in the United States. This increase, and a large portion of total U.S. HFC consumption is expected due to the use of HFCs in residential air conditioning (RAC).The RAC market primarily relied upon chlorodifluoromethane, a hydro-chlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) known as HCFC-22, whose consumption is being phased out globally under the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer and under national regulations such as the Clean Air Act in the United States. The RAC market today relies on HFCs, most often R-410A (a blend of difluoromethane or HFC-32, and pentafluoroethane or HFC-125) for new equipment, but older units using HCFC-22 remain. The RAC industry is investigating multiple alternatives with global warming potentials (GWPs) significantly below that of R-410A. Research has been conducted by chemical producers, air conditioner and component manufacturers, national government laboratories, academia, and consortium efforts. Various low-GWP alternatives have been suggested with GWPs of approximately 750 and below. This paper investigates industry-wide HFC reduction measures in the United States across sectors that have transitioned from ozone-depleting substances to HFCs. Under various scenarios with RAC refrigerants with GWPs in the 150-750 range, this paper shows that future RAC refrigerants will strongly influence industry efforts to reduce U.S. HFC consumption. These reductions are not just reliant on manufacturers introducing new equipment with low-GWP alternatives. The service industries, responsible for repairing leaks and recovering refrigerant, play a vital role in reducing HFC consumption.

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Pages: 17

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  • Original title: The implications of residential air conditioning refrigerant choice on future hydrofluorocarbon consumption in the United States.
  • Record ID : 30027666
  • Languages: English
  • Subject: HFCs alternatives
  • Source: Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences. - vol. 17
  • Publication date: 2020
  • DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1943815X.2020.1768551
  • Document available for consultation in the library of the IIR headquarters only.

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