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IIR document

Benchmarking of supermarket energy consumption.

• Author(s) : FOSTER A., EVANS J., MAIDMENT G.
• Publication date: 2018/04/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : United Kingdom, Retail trade, Energy consumption, Supermarket, Case study, Energy efficiency
• Source: 5^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Beijing, Chine, 6-8 avril 2018
• Formats : PDF

Optimizing data center energy consumption.

• Author(s) : PURKAYASTHA I.
• Publication date: 2018/07/27
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Generality, Energy consumption, Electricity, Data centre, Computer, Cooling, Air flow, Energy efficiency
• Source: Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Technologies for Sustainable and Intelligent HVAC&R Systems, Kolkata, July 27-28 2018.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Energy consumption for salmon slaughtering processes.

• Author(s) : ATES B., WIDELL K. N., NORDTVEDT T. S., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/05/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Slaughterhouse, Energy consumption, Automation, Chilling, R717, Salmon, Norway, Case study
• Source: 7^th Conference on Ammonia and CO₂ Refrigeration Technology. Proceedings: Ohrid, North Macedonia, May 11-13, 2017.
• Formats : PDF

Energy consumption of 100 australian residential air conditioners.

• Author(s) : LAW A., OSMAN P., AMBROSE M., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Residential sector, Energy consumption, Measurement, Air conditioner, Australia
• Source: EcoLibrium - vol. 13 - n. 10
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Reducing energy consumption of refrigeration compressors in large breweries.

• Author(s) : VANJUR I., SOVILJ V.
• Publication date: 2015/04/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Generality, Energy consumption, Brewery, Ammonia, Screw compressor
• Source: 6^th Conference on Ammonia and CO2 Refrigeration Technology. Proceedings: Ohrid, North Macedonia, April 16-18, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Attention mechanism-aided model ensemble method of chiller energy consumption prediction.

• Author(s) : CAI J., YANG H.
• Publication date: 2024/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Chiller, Energy consumption, Prediction, Modelling, Accuracy
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 165
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Predicting specific energy consumption in the southern hemisphere.

• Author(s) : PEARSON A.
• Publication date: 2022/06/13
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Cold store, Energy efficiency, Energy consumption, Australia, Electricity, Case study, Prediction
• Source: 15^th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2022). Proceedings. Trondheim, Norway, June 13-15^th 2022.
• Formats : PDF

Modeling and Simulation of Household Appliances Power Consumption.

• Author(s) : VILLANUEVA D., SAN-FACUNDO D., MIGUEZ-GARCÍA E., FERNÁNDEZ-OTERO A.
• Publication date: 2022/04
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Modelling, Simulation, Energy consumption, Energy efficiency, Household application, Electricity, Single-family house
• Source: Applied Sciences - vol. 12 - n. 7
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Evaluation of the electrical energy consumptions for a low-energy building.

• Author(s) : DAMIAN A., POPESCU R., BAJENARU N., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Energy consumption, Electricity, Building, Simulation, Energy saving
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Refrigeration transport consumption: how to integrate best practices.

• Author(s) : DEVIN E., CAVALIER G.
• Publication date: 2020/08/26
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Regulations, Refrigerated transport, Energy saving, Energy consumption, Standardization, Environment, Generality, CO2 emission
• Source: 6^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Nantes, France, August 26-28 2020
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Analysis of energy consumption by applying a new generation of CO2 compressors.

• Author(s) : JAVERSCHEK O., PFAFFL J., KARBINER J.
• Publication date: 2019/04/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Energy consumption, Efficiency, R744, Compressor, CO2
• Source: 8^th Conference on Ammonia and CO₂ Refrigeration Technology. Proceedings: Ohrid, North Macedonia, Avril 11-13, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

The influence of evaporation pressure dynamics on energy consumption.

• Author(s) : SCHULTE A., FÖRSTERLING S., LARSEN L., HEERUP C., BACHER P., GOTTSCH R., TEGETHOFF W., ZÜHLSDORF B., KOEHLER J.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Energy consumption, Supermarket, CO2, R744, Display cabinet, Modelling, Simulation, Evaporation
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

Analysis on energy consumption of drying process for dried Chinese noodles.

• Author(s) : WANG Z., ZHANG Y., ZHANG B., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/01/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Energy consumption, Control (automatic), Drying, Pasta, Energy saving
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 110

IIR document

Relationship between specific energy consumption and size of supermarket stores.

• Author(s) : FOSTER A., BROWN T., EVANS J., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : United Kingdom, Retail trade, Energy consumption, Comparison, Calculation, Supermarket, Statistics
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Specific energy consumption values for various refrigerated food cold stores.

• Author(s) : EVANS J., FOSTER A., HUET J. M., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Food, Energy consumption, Chilled food, Cold store, Survey, Energy efficiency
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

Figures: EU electricity consumption

A report issued by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) shows that energy efficiency measures - such as labelling and minimum energy efficiency standards -together with national policies and incentives are contributing to...

• Publication date : 2010/05/27

US research projects to cut AC energy consumption

The 15 projects selected by Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) – within the Building Energy Efficiency Through Innovative Thermodevices (BEETIT) are developing new approaches and technologies for building cooling equipment and air...

• Publication date : 2012/09/19

Netherlands: refrigeration accounts for 18% of total electricity consumption in the industrial sector

A study (1) by KWA Business Consultants on the annual energy consumption of refrigeration plants in various industrial and non-industrial sectors in The Netherlands was presented during ICR2011.

• Publication date : 2011/12/21

Renewable energy supplied an estimated 16% of global final energy consumption in 2010

According to the Renewables 2011 Global Status Report, in 2010, rRenewable energy supplied an estimated 16% of global final energy consumption and delivered close to 20% of global electricity.

• Publication date : 2012/03/09
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Briefs: Dehumidification and cooling system cuts energy consumption by 43% in meat processing plant

Cooling and dehumidification costs in a meat plant in Germany have been reduced by a system using hot and cold water from other processes. According to DuCool, TönniesFleisch plant in Rheda-Wiedenbrück is saving annually 165 000 € in electricity...

• Publication date : 2009/08/13

Energy savings: Case study on a cool way to cut energy consumption in the UK food industry

A collaborative research and development project led by a mechanical engineering team from Brunel University, UK, found that supermarkets and food processing plants could cut their energy costs by over 30% and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by...

• Publication date : 2005/07/19

2015 HCFC consumption in Cuba

The government of Cuba reported a consumption of 13.17 Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) tonnes of HCFC in 2015.

• Publication date : 2016/12/09

HFC consumption in Bangladesh

According to a UNEP document published in June 2017, the HFC consumption in Bangladesh was of 810.68 metric tonnes, including 94.5% of R134a.

• Publication date : 2017/10/20
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives, Developing country

Cold stores safety and energy consumption

During the IIR International Congress of Refrigeration, held in Yokohama in August 2015, two valuable papers focused on cold store energy consumption and safety issues.

• Publication date : 2016/03/11

HCFC consumption and production in developing countries

Recent data on the HCFC production and consumption of developing countries were submitted to the Committee of the Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol.

• Publication date : 2018/03/27
• Subjects: Developing country

How climate change will alter European electricity consumption

Summary of a German study showing how electricity consumption in Europe will fluctuate in the event of unmitigated climate change.

• Publication date : 2017/12/21
• Subjects: Environment, General information

Brazilian government outlines measures to reduce electricity consumption

Owing to severe droughts affecting hydropower generation, the Brazilian government is imposing measures to reduce electricity consumption in public buildings, including limiting the...

• Publication date : 2021/09/27
• Subjects: Regulation, Developing country

Focus on the consumption of HCFCs in developing countries

Overview of the HCFC consumption in 19 Article 5 countries under the Montreal Protocol (2013-2016).

• Publication date : 2017/11/21
• Subjects: Regulation, Developing country

Air conditioner wastewater purified for human consumption

In Ecuador, Panasonic developed ACH20, a filtering system that purifies air conditioner wastewater and makes it fit for human consumption.

• Publication date : 2015/09/03

Data centres electricity consumption expected to soar by 2030

Swedish researchers have estimated the evolution of electricity consumption of data centres until 2030.

• Publication date : 2017/05/31

New IIR Informatory Note on thermal energy storage systems

IIR’s latest Informatory Note demonstrates that a well-designed TES system can reduce energy consumption through more efficient equipment operation and lower investment costs, thus reducing the equipment...

• Publication date : 2022/01/28

Member news: Danfoss is committed to reducing food waste

The Salling Group and Danfoss are working with Microsoft to reduce food waste and energy consumption in retail refrigeration. 

• Publication date : 2023/02/17
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

EU project SuperSmart comes to a close: What have we learnt?

Funded by the European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme, the EU SuperSmart project was launched in February 2016 and recently came to an end. Want to know how to reduce energy consumption in the food retail sector?… SuperSmart...

• Publication date : 2019/02/25

The year 2016: a new year full of opportunity

The year 2016 will be particularly important due to increasing international discussions on the production and consumption of hydrofluorocarbons with high global warming potential.

• Publication date : 2016/01/06

Best wishes 2019!

2018 was an eventful year for the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) who organised several conferences to improve the cold chain and reduce the impact of refrigeration on the environment (refrigerants, energy consumption).

• Publication date : 2019/01/01

Frisbee Project: Latest Developments

Frisbee is a European-Union-funded 4-year project. It was launched in September 2010 and involves 26 partners including the IIR. the IIR is in charge of collecting data and the dissemination of research outcomes. The aim is to provide new...

• Publication date : 2011/12/20

News from IIR members: Alfa Laval

Two major Belgian supermarket chains have recently ordered Alfa Laval's air gas coolers, and three of them have already been installed. Both supermarkets were specifically searching for cooling systems compatible with CO2 to reduce their energy...

• Publication date : 2013/02/22

STEF-TFE opens largest cold store in Madrid

New site cuts energy consumption by 15% with innovative energy storage system during off-peak hours

• Publication date : 2011/12/08

The CLIM’ECO programme kicks off

Supported by the French government and as part of the energy saving certificates scheme, the CLIM'ECO programme aims to reduce and optimise the energy consumption of air conditioning in the French Overseas Departments.

• Publication date : 2020/04/01
• Subjects: Developing country, Technology, Environment

International events

- Montreal: MOP 19 The United Nations Conference on the ozone layer was held in Montreal, September 17-21, 2007. The 20th Anniversary of the Montreal Protocol was celebrated on a special day (September 16, 2007) and throughout the week. All...

• Publication date : 2007/11/20

New in our Encyclopedia. Ice cream manufacturing and its environmental impact.

A comprehensive review of the freezing process, market data and environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing. 

• Publication date : 2022/10/27
• Subjects: Figures, economy, Technology

New IIR Informatory Note on Renewable Energy

The latest IIR Informatory Note stresses that renewable energy sources can be considered practically inexhaustible and are currently the only solution for an ecological transition to clean...

• Publication date : 2023/04/26
• Subjects: Environment

News from IIR members: Total

Total is the world's fourth-largest listed producer of natural gas and one of its top three liquefied natural gas suppliers and has published recent statistics on LNG. Consumption has been growing almost 3% a year for more than 30 years. According...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

Check out the latest news from FRISBEE!

In this issue two hot topics: the test carried out to increase refrigerator performance and field test monitoring of the food cold chain in European markets.

• Publication date : 2014/03/10

Focus by Didier Coulomb

As we announced in the latest issue of the Newsletter, this special issue on the environment was prepared jointly with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). 2007 is a very important year for the future of the global environment and the...

• Publication date : 2007/08/05

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG