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IIR document

Measurements of pρTx and specific heat capacity cv for (R290 + R1243zf) binary mixtures at temperatures from (292 to 350) K and pressures up to 11 MPa.

• Author(s) : SHENG B., DONG X., ZHAO Y., LI Z., YAN H., ZHONG Q., WANG J., GONG M., SHEN J.
• Publication date: 2020/04
• Languages :
• Keywords : R290, Propane, R1234zf, Thermodynamic property, Temperature, Pressure, Heat capacity, Expérimentation, Mixture
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 112
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Phase change dispersion properties, modeling apparent heat capacity.

• Author(s) : FISCHER L. J., ARX S. von, WECHSLER U., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Heat capacity, Heat transfer, PCM, Modelling, Change of phase
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 74
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Measurement of the heat capacity of R1233zd(E).

• Author(s) : LIU Y., ZHAO X.
• Publication date: 2018/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Heat capacity, Calorimeter, Measurement, R1233zd(E), Expérimentation, Flow
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 86
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Measurements of isobaric heat capacity of gaseous R1234yf.

• Author(s) : KAGAWA N., MATSUGUCHI A., WATANABE K.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R1234yf, Heat capacity, Gas, Calorimeter, Measurement, Pressure, Expérimentation, Equation of state
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Measurements of isobaric heat capacity of R1336mzz(Z).

• Author(s) : KAGAWA N., MATSUGUCHI A.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English, French
• Keywords : Calorimeter, R1336mzz(Z), Heat capacity, Expérimentation, Equation of state, Thermodynamic property
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Measurement of thermal conductivity and heat capacity of phase change materials with the longitudinal heat flow method.

• Author(s) : BRÜTTING M., HAGEN T., VIDI S., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/05/18
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Thermal conductivity, Heat capacity, Measurement, Simulation, PCM
• Source: 11^th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning. Proceedings: Karlsruhe, Germany, May 18-20, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Simple model of magnetocaloric cooling device based on heat capacity equations.

• Author(s) : LEWANDOWSKI D.
• Publication date: 2014/09/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Heat capacity, Magnetocaloric cooling, Regenerator, Cooling, Simulation, Model, Magnetism
• Source: 6^th International Conference on Magnetic Refrigeration at Room Temperature (Thermag VI). Proceedings: Victoria, Canada, September 7-10, 2014.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Experimental study of liquid phase heat capacity of dimethyl ether and triethylene glycol solution.

• Author(s) : CHEN G., ZHELEZNY V., SHESTOPALOV K., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/04/23
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R610, Heat capacity, Ethylene glycol, Calorimetry, Expérimentation, DME
• Source: 5^th IIR Conference on Thermophysical Properties and Transfer Processes of Refrigerants.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Influence of heat capacity adsorbent heat exchanger on cooling and heating enegy supply from adsorption chiller driven by solar thermal energy.

• Author(s) : HAMAMOTO Y., MORII H.
• Publication date: 2017/04/23
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Refrigerating system, Heat capacity, Adsorbent, Adsorption, Modelling, Solar energy, Heat exchanger
• Source: 5^th IIR Conference on Thermophysical Properties and Transfer Processes of Refrigerants.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Large-capacity propane heat pumps for DHW production in residential buildings.

• Author(s) : XU T., NAVARRO-PERIS E., PISCOPIELLO S., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/06/18
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Hot water, High capacity, Comparison, R290, Propane, Domestic heat pump, Residential building, Expérimentation, COP, Heating
• Source: 13^th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2018). Proceedings. Valencia, Spain, June 18-20th 2018.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

A new method for measuring refrigerating capacity of fin-tube type heat exchanger.

• Author(s) : WANG H., WATANABE M., MAN'O T., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/08/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Freezing temperature, Finned tube, Measurement, Cooling capacity, Power, Heat exchanger
• Source: 11^th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2014). Proceedings. Hangzhou, China, August 31-September 2, 2014.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Isobaric heat capacity prediction for HC, HFC, HFO and HCFO refrigerants in liquid phase.

• Author(s) : LIU Y., ZHAO X., WANG X., ZHENG X.
• Publication date: 2020/10
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Hydrocarbon, HFC, HFO, HCFO, Thermodynamic property, Heat capacity, Modelling, Expérimentation
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 118
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Experimental evaluation of a small-capacity, waste-heat driven ammonia-water absorption chiller.

• Author(s) : GOYAL A., STAEDTER M. A., HOYSALL D. C., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Small scale, Chiller, Ammonia-water, Absorption, Cooling capacity, Heat pump, Expérimentation, Waste heat
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 79
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

An artificial neural network for the residual isobaric heat capacity of liquid HFC and HFO refrigerants.

• Author(s) : GAO N., WANG X., XUAN Y., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Heat capacity, Artificial neural network, HFO, HFC, Expérimentation, Refrigerant
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 98
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

The study of entropy change and magnetocaloric response in magnetic nanoparticles via heat capacity measurements.

• Author(s) : KAPUSTA O., ZELENAKOVA A., HRUBOVCAK P., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Heat capacity, Measurement, Temperature, Adiabatic magnetization, Nanoparticle, Entropy, Magnetocaloric effect
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 86
• Formats : PDF

Assessing the market potential of industrial heat pumps in Europe

To address the lack of product development of high temperature heat pumps, a recent article provides manufacturers with an estimate of the industrial heat pump market potential in...

• Publication date : 2021/11/30
• Subjects: Figures, economy, Technology

Performance of R32 and R290 as alternatives to R22 and R410A in domestic air conditioning

According to the authors, regardless of the capacity difference, R290 could be considered as the most appropriate substitute in air conditioners with small finned tube heat exchangers

• Publication date : 2014/09/25

GL2012 highlights: compact CO2 air-heating heat pump for industrial drying

Researchers in Japan studied and developed a small capacity CO2 heat pump for industrial drying that is hoped will reduce power consumption to about one third.

• Publication date : 2012/10/04

Converting waste heat into cooling

A prototype that has succeeded in converting waste heat into cooling capacity could lead to new solutions to harness excess energy produced by systems.

• Publication date : 2012/03/23

IJR highlights: impacts of refrigerant charge on system performance

A team from Purdue University recently published* in the International Journal of Refrigeration a study showing the impact of charge level on capacity and efficiency for several heat-pump and air-conditioning units tested at various refrigerant...

• Publication date : 2013/03/28

Slovakia heat pump market situation

Average end consumer prices, including VAT, for a turnkey installation in single family houses are in the range of euros 6 000 to euros 15 000 depending on the type and capacity of the heat pump.

• Publication date : 2016/02/11
• Subjects: Figures, economy

How to evaluate the refrigerating capacity of compressors?

Most compressor manufacturers express the capacity of their compressors using the "nominal capacity" of the motor, expressed in HP (1 Horse Power = 0.735 kW) which does not give precise information on the refrigerating capacity of the compressor....

• Publication date : 2007/05/04

Sorption chillers

Sorption chiller technology is rapidly developing, especially that using solar energy. - As highlighted by Jacob and Kohlenbach* during the latest IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Working Fluids in Sydney, in Europe, numerous new...

• Publication date : 2011/02/07

Briefs: CO2 heat pumps in a retirement home

Villa Laura, a retirement home near Florence, Italy, is equipped with 4 water/water ground-water heat pumps operating with a transcritical CO2 cycle providing heating, air conditioning and hot water. This technology is already used to produce hot...

• Publication date : 2007/11/20

Solar absorption air conditioning

When do you need air conditioning? When it is hot and sunny. This is why Broad Air Conditioning, China, one of the world's largest manufacturers of direct-fired absorption chillers, has been focusing on solar absorption air-conditioning systems...

• Publication date : 2006/11/15

Charge minimization in hydrocarbon systems

This paper was presented at the IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference in Glasgow (Sep. 2004). It presents the results of the project to minimize charge in a R290 system that has 1-1.5 kW refrigeration capacity. Currently, there are many guidelines...

• Publication date : 2004/11/24

Heating and cooling ceilings

The upcoming translation of European Directive 2002/91/EC on improving energy efficiency in buildings into EU national legislation in January 2006 calls for a clear improvement in the energy efficiency of cooling and heating systems. In view of...

• Publication date : 2005/10/26

Marine refrigeration

The use of natural refrigerants is gradually spreading. Here are two examples of their use in the marine sector: - Environmentally-friendly fish transport American Freedom is one of the world's largest refrigerated ships and can hold up to...

• Publication date : 2007/11/20

The French air-conditioning market is growing significantly

According to Clim'info, in France, sales of individual air conditioners (with capacities below 17.5 kW) have undergone a very strong progression - about 40% - in 2003 compared with 2002. Sales of small mobile units, in particular, have benefited...

• Publication date : 2004/07/15

Ice storage

The Paris Palais des Congrès, a vast building comprising a Congress centre, a hotel and a shopping mall is equipped with an ice storage system allowing it to optimize its power-bill management in winter, but also to shave summer peaks and to...

• Publication date : 2007/11/20

News from IIR members: Kinarca

Kinarca obtains ISO 22000 certification for its gel-ice machine. Bureau Veritas Certification has certified that Kinarca's Food Security system applied to the design process, manufacturing assembly and maintenance of flo-ice machines is according...

• Publication date : 2009/02/24

Participation of the IIR at COP-10

On December 6-18, 2004, over 6100 participants from 169 countries attended the 10th Conference of the Parties (COP-10) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)  held at the Rural Exhibition Center in Buenos Aires ,...

• Publication date : 2005/02/11

IIR Conference: Auckland

Innovative Equipment and Systems for Comfort and Food Preservation , an IIR conference, will be held in Auckland, New Zealand, on February 16-18, 2006. Deadlines: June 1, 2005 for abstracts and September 16, 2005 for papers. December 9, 2005:...

• Publication date : 2005/06/14

News from IIR members: Johnson Controls

Johnson Controls and Princess Noura bint Abdulrahman University are beating the record books with York CYK chillers. To construct what is claimed to be the world's largest chiller plant using air-cooled radiators, Johnson Controls is providing 26...

• Publication date : 2011/02/07

Heat pumps, the central theme of the recent IIR Congress

An overview of the research carried out in the field of heat pumps, with the aim of achieving greater flexibility and increased energy efficiency, in particular through to the use of thermal energy...

• Publication date : 2023/10/24

News from IIR members: Star Refrigeration

Star Refrigeration has installed a highly efficient Azanechiller at a Scottish meat processing facility. The central pumped glycol system has a total cooling capacity of 365kW and includes pumps with variable speed drives, six ceiling...

• Publication date : 2011/08/04

Member news: Mirai Intex releases new high capacity ultra-low temperature refrigeration system

Mirai Intex, corporate member of the IIR, has released a new ultra-low temperature (ULT) system based on air-cycle technology, offering high cooling capacity.

• Publication date : 2021/03/09
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives, Technology

The IIR around the world: October 2023

A look back at the IIR's latest events at Refcold in India, the ESEF forum in Praia, Cabo Verde, and the SIFA trade fair in France. 

• Publication date : 2023/10/24

The IIR publishes two new IIR Informatory Notes on Energy Recovery!

The International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) has just published two new Informatory Notes on energy recovery: one on Energy Recovery in Mechanical Ventilation Systems and the other one on Air-to-Air Energy...

• Publication date : 2021/07/13
• Subjects: Environment, Technology

Two new IIR Informatory Notes on Energy Recovery!

The IIR has just published two new Informatory Notes on energy recovery: one on Energy Recovery in Mechanical Ventilation Systems and the other one on Air-to-Air Energy Recovery Equipment. 

• Publication date : 2021/06/29

Member news : Danfoss launches thermostatic expansion valve for CO2

Danfoss has recently launched a thermostatic expansion valve for CO2, based on its TE2 valve. It is suitable for small to medium size remote refrigeration systems such as cold rooms and display...

• Publication date : 2022/10/27

Latest news from B-Medical Systems, Epta and GEA, three IIR corporate members

B Medical Systems, a global leader in the vaccine cold chain, is expanding its production capacity due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Epta monitors R290 fridges in cashier-free store in Dubai and GEA provides a...

• Publication date : 2021/11/29

New IIR Informatory Note on thermal energy storage systems

IIR’s latest Informatory Note demonstrates that a well-designed TES system can reduce energy consumption through more efficient equipment operation and lower investment costs, thus reducing the equipment...

• Publication date : 2022/01/28

Member news: Mirai Intex ultra-low temperature refrigeration system at the ACHEMA trade show in Germany

Mirai Intex, corporate member of the IIR, will present its MC 15 C/W/T closed-cycle refrigeration machine at the ACHEMA trade show in August 2022 in Germany.

• Publication date : 2022/08/16
• Subjects: Technology

The Cold Chain: A logistical challenge at the heart of the distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine 

Gérald Cavalier - President of the Science and Technology Council of the International Institute of Refrigeration, President of the French Association of Refrigeration, President of the Cemafroid...

• Publication date : 2020/11/23
• Subjects: General information, Technology

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Nanorefrigerants

Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Nanofluids