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Ionic liquid development for absorption heat pump applications.

• Author(s) : MAERZKE K., MOZURKEWICH G., ABDELAZIZ O., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/03/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Viscosity, Solubility, Ionic liquid, Absorption, Simulation, Heat pump, Water
• Source: International sorption heat pump conference (ISHPC2014), College Park, United States, March 31-April 2, 2014.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Experimental study of liquid phase heat capacity of dimethyl ether and triethylene glycol solution.

• Author(s) : CHEN G., ZHELEZNY V., SHESTOPALOV K., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/04/23
• Languages : English
• Source: 5^th IIR Conference on Thermophysical Properties and Transfer Processes of Refrigerants.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Assessment of vapor-liquid equilibrium models for ionic liquids based absorption systems.

• Author(s) : WANG M., INFANTE FERREIRA C. A.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Refrigerating system, Ionic liquid, Equilibrium, Liquid-vapour, Absorption, Heat pump, Model
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Liquid desiccant-based deep dehumidifier working with a novel ionic liquid: Prediction model and performance comparison.

• Author(s) : CAO B., YIN Y., ZHANG F., JI Q., CHEN W.
• Publication date: 2023/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Dehumidification, Desiccant system, Liquid, Humidity, Performance, Prediction, Comparison, Liquid desiccant, Modelling
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 146
• Formats : PDF

Application of liquid desiccant dehumidifiers.

• Author(s) : GUPTE S.
• Publication date: 2014/03
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Technology, Industrial application, Generality, Commercial application, Building, Lithium chloride, Liquid desiccant, Liquid, Desiccant, Dehumidifier
• Source: Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Journal - vol. 17 - n. 2
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Development of new non-metallic cryostats for liquid helium and nitrogen.

• Author(s) : KADE A., KARL C., KLUPSCH M., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/04/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Cryostat, Liquid nitrogen, Liquid helium, Design, Development
• Source: Cryogenics 2014. Proceedings of the 13^th IIR International Conference: Prague, Czech Republic, April 7-11, 2014.
• Formats : PDF

Experimental study on a finned-tube internally cooled contactor for liquid desiccant air conditioning systems with ionic liquid.

• Author(s) : SATOH T., VARELA R. J., YAMAGUCHI S., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/07/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Ionic liquid, Finned tube, Dehumidification, Liquid desiccant, Heat transfer, Performance, Expérimentation, Air conditioning
• Source: 2018 Purdue Conferences. 17^th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Modeling of vapor–liquid–liquid equilibria in binary mixtures.

• Author(s) : TZABAR N., BRAKE H. J. M. ter
• Publication date: 2016/10
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Equilibrium, Liquid-vapour, R290, R170, Modelling, Binary mixture, Expérimentation, Refrigerant
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 70
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Investigation of the influence of surfactant on the degree of supercooling (coexisting system of solid-liquid and gas-liquid interfaces).

• Author(s) : MATSUMOTO K., IGARASHI Y., SHIRAI D., et al.
• Publication date: 2013/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Surfactant, Gas, Liquid, Supercooling, Solid
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 36 - n. 4
• Formats : PDF

A design approach for liquid separators applied to household refrigerators.

• Author(s) : JANKE I., SILVEIRA A., MELO C.
• Publication date: 2018/07/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Suction, Junction, Liquid-vapour, Household refrigerator, Liquid trap, Modelling, Evaporator, Testing
• Source: 2018 Purdue Conferences. 17^th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

A design approach for liquid separators applied to household refrigerators.

• Author(s) : JANKE I., SANTOS SILVEIRA (dos) A., MELO C.
• Publication date: 2019/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Suction, Junction, Liquid-vapour, Household refrigerator, Liquid trap, Modelling, Evaporation, Testing
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 98
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Analysis of liquid film characteristics for gas-liquid annular flow in micro-channel.

• Author(s) : PENG H., YOSHINAGA Y., DANG C., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Two-phase flow, Gas, Microchannel, Liquid, Simulation, Film, Heat exchanger
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

Evaporation from a free liquid surface.

• Author(s) : LOTFI A., VRABEC J., FISCHER J.
• Publication date: 2014/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Liquid, Vacuum, Steady state, Surface, Model, Evaporation
• Source: International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer - vol. 73

Regeneration methods of liquid desiccant air conditioning system.

[In Chinese. / En chinois.]

• Author(s) : LI H., ZHANG T., CONG L., et al.
• Publication date: 2013/11
• Languages : Chinese
• Keywords : Liquid, Regeneration, Desiccant, Air conditioning
• Source: HV & AC - vol. 43 - n. 284
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Assessment of vapor–liquid equilibrium models for ionic liquid based working pairs in absorption cycles.

• Author(s) : WANG M., BECKER T. M., INFANTE FERREIRA C. A.
• Publication date: 2018/03
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Natural refrigerant, Ionic liquid, Absorption system, Performance, Modelling, Enthalpy
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 87
• Formats : PDF

H2 update: Air Liquide

The European Commission is providing€ 67.6 million in funding for Air Liquide's Horizon Hydrogen Energy (H2E) Innovation Program. The 7-year overall programme aims at building sustainable and competitive hydrogen-energy solutions and will require...

• Publication date : 2009/02/25

IIR Member news: Air Liquide

Air Liquide, a corporate member of the IIR, has signed a contract with LGETA (LG Electronics Tianjin Appliances Co. Ltd.), for the supply of a wide range of gases to LGETA's expansion project in Tianjin. Tianjin is the 4th largest city in China,...

• Publication date : 2004/11/10

Liquid nitrogen for French cuisine

The system uses the natural pressure of nitrogen during evaporation according to a vertical discharge principle.

• Publication date : 2015/03/12

A laser beam which cools liquids

The first laser refrigeration process was demonstrated in vacuum conditions in 1995. Twenty years later, a team from University of Washington explains in a study, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, how a laser can...

• Publication date : 2016/05/17

Underground storage of liquid CO2

Dispensing of CO2 by storing it underground usually implies placing it in aquifer rocks deep enough (-800 m) to achieve sufficient pressure to maintain the CO2 in a supercritical (fluid) phase. This approach has many shortcomings as in this form,...

• Publication date : 2006/11/15

Liquid nitrogen spray to clean spacesuits

Researchers from Washington State University developed a liquid nitrogen spray to remove moon dust from a space suit, potentially solving what is a significant challenge for future...

• Publication date : 2023/03/27
• Subjects: Technology

Sainsbury’s testing truck cooled by liquid nitrogen engine.

UK supermarket chain Sainsbury’s is currently testing a refrigerated delivery truck cooled by a liquid nitrogen powered engine.

• Publication date : 2017/02/13

Liquid hydrogen as a transportation fuel

With ever-rising petrol prices and global warming issues, alternative fuels for transportation are high up on the priority list. Hydrogen is already used for this purpose in fuel cell vehicles, but liquid-hydrogen-automobile technology is...

• Publication date : 2006/11/15

Cryogenics 2021 highlights: applications of liquid nitrogen

Cryopreservation of biological materials to favour biodiversity and cooling of superconducting cables to allow transmission of electrical energy with zero resistance are key applications of liquid...

• Publication date : 2022/01/28

Ionic liquids in combination with CO2: promising technology?

A group of scientists at the University of Notre Dame, Indiana, USA, are now working on utilizing novel ionic liquids – pure salts that are liquid at ambient temperatures – in tandem with CO2.

• Publication date : 2013/12/03

Testing a prototype outdoor air conditioner using liquid nitrogen

In September 2022, a start-up is testing a prototype outdoor air conditioning system using liquid nitrogen in a few restaurants.

• Publication date : 2022/09/19
• Subjects: Technology

Liquid crystal technology speeds up foodborne pathogen detection

Crystal Diagnostics has pioneered liquid-crystal technology that enables smart fast detection of bacteria and other dangerous pathogens such as E. coli in foodstuffs.

• Publication date : 2012/02/28

Liquid desiccant AC system cuts ice rink energy bill

Thanks to a liquid-desiccant air-conditioning system and the use of renewable energy sources, Pines Ice Arena in Pembroke, Florida, claims to have achieved 55% electricity savings, as well as a 35% reduction in natural gas consumption and a...

• Publication date : 2011/08/05

An improved liquid cooling system for the Microsoft Surface Pro 4.

The 'hybrid liquid cooling' solution allows a better heat distribution, making the SP4 feel a bit cooler.

• Publication date : 2015/10/22

Trends and Figures: Healthcare: big business for the liquid gas sector

It is estimated that healthcare accounts for around 10% of GDP of most developed nations and in 2003 it was estimated that it had consumed around 25% of the GDP of the US. Both the North American and Western European markets are believed to...

• Publication date : 2008/10/25

IIR member news: Air Liquide

Air Liquide – benefactor member of the IIR – recently inaugurated Cryocap™, a unique industrial installation that enables the capture of CO2 released during hydrogen production via a cryogenic process.

• Publication date : 2016/06/01

News from IIR members: Air Liquide

The world's longest and most powerful superconductor power transmission cable has been connected to the commercial power grid in Holbrook, New York, United States, by the Long Island Power Authority (LIPA) and American Superconductor. The 600-m...

• Publication date : 2008/08/12

News from IIR members: Air Liquide

Air Liquide and VitalAire are launching a new, personalized support programme for sleep apnoea patients. This disorder affects 1.5 million people in France, and 5% of the world's adult population. Eight out of 10 persons suffering from this...

• Publication date : 2009/05/18

Member news: Latest news from Air Liquide

Air Liquid inaugurates a low-carbon hydrogen production unit and promotes the development of helium refrigeration. 

• Publication date : 2021/02/23

News from IIR members: Air Liquide: fast expansion in Turkey

Turkey has a dynamic economy with a growth rate of 9% in 2010. Its industries are developing and diversifying, and the petrochemical sector is expanding.Air Liquide recently signed a long-term contract with the Turkish petrochemical Group...

• Publication date : 2012/02/28

IIR member news: Air Liquide joins the fight against the Covid-19 epidemic

To deal with the Covid-19 epidemic in France, the Air Liquide group, member of the IIR, has decided to produce 10,000 respirators in 50 days.

• Publication date : 2020/04/05

New in our Encyclopedia: cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry

This summary document presents the potential applications of liquid cryogens in the pharmaceutical sector. 

• Publication date : 2022/12/15
• Subjects: Technology

Highlights: IIR Statutory Meetings in June 2017

European project CryoHub presented and Air Liquide Life Science R&D Group Manager Manager presents economic issues and scientific challenges of cryogenic energy storage at the IIR Statutory Meetings in June 2017.

• Publication date : 2017/07/04

IIR member news: Linde

BOC, subsidiary company of the Linde Group, launches its innovative technology in refrigerated transport.

• Publication date : 2015/06/17

Member news : Danfoss launches thermostatic expansion valve for CO2

Danfoss has recently launched a thermostatic expansion valve for CO2, based on its TE2 valve. It is suitable for small to medium size remote refrigeration systems such as cold rooms and display...

• Publication date : 2022/10/27

New IIR Informatory Note on evaporative cooling

The latest IIR Informatory Note highlights that evaporative cooling is an energy-efficient technology that has many applications in air conditioning but also in short-term food storage. 

• Publication date : 2023/05/27

News from IIR members: Freezcube

FreezCube, developed by Playcube, corporate member of the IIR based in France, has been awarded the Gold Medal at Concours Lépine 2010. FreezCube is a simple monitoring device which provides useful information related to the safety of frozen foods...

• Publication date : 2011/02/07

Corporate members: news

Founded in 2003, Playcube SARL, a new IIR corporate member based in France, has developed FreezCube, a simple monitoring device which provides useful information related to the safety of frozen foods stored in freezers: FreezCube confirms that the...

• Publication date : 2008/06/05

The IIR launches a call to action to adopt 5 internationally established refrigeration terms!

All professionals in the field of low-temperature technologies are called and are strongly encouraged to strictly adhere to the internationally established and approved definitions, by the International...

• Publication date : 2020/10/02
• Subjects: General information

Call to action to adopt 5 internationally established refrigeration terms!

All professionals in the field of low-temperature technologies are called and are strongly encouraged to strictly adhere to the internationally established and approved definitions, by the International...

• Publication date : 2020/09/28
• Subjects: General information

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/06/02
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2022/06/20
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/05/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Nanorefrigerants

Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Nanofluids

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)