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Scientific assessment of ozone depletion: 2014.

• Author(s) : WMO
• Publication date: 2014/12
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Regulations, HCFC, CFC, Ultraviolet, Atmosphere, Review, Stratosphere, Prediction, World, HFC, Environment, Greenhouse effect, Ozone depletion, Refrigerant, Climate

Assessment for decision-makers: scientific assessment of ozone depletion, 2014

• Publication date: 2014/09/10
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Ozone, Recovery, Atmosphere, HFO, HFC, Environment, Ozone depletion, Leakage, Refrigerant, Climate, Acid

Recommended by the IIR

Scientific assessment of ozone depletion: 2018.

• Author(s) : WMO (World Meteorological Organization), UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme), NOAA, NASA, European Commission
• Publication date: 2018/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Greenhouse effect, ODP, HFO, Energy efficiency, Refrigerant, Natural refrigerant, Ozone depletion, Regulations, CFC, HFC, HCFC, Emission, CO2 emission, GWP, Climate, World, Generality
• Formats : PDF

Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), Chapter 2 in Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2018.

• Author(s) : MONTZKA S. A., VELDERS G. J. M.
• Publication date: 2018/11
• Languages : English
• Formats : PDF

Report of the UNEP Technology and Economic Assessment Panel. Volume 1. Decision XXVII / 4 Task Force Update Report Further Information on Alternatives to Ozone-Depleting Substances.

• Author(s) : ONU Environnement (ex-PNUE)
• Publication date: 2016/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Refrigerating equipment, Substitute, Heat pump, Environment, Ozone depletion, Refrigerant, Air conditioning
• Formats : PDF

Emission quantification of refrigerant CFCs, HCFCs and HFCs in megacity Lahore (Pakistan) and contributed ODPs and GWPs.

• Author(s) : UL-HAQ Z., ALI M., BATOOL S. A., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : HCFC, Global warming, CFC, HFC, Emission, Ozone depletion, Refrigerant, Pakistan
• Source: Journal of Earth System Science - vol. 125 - n. 6

International standards in refrigeration and air-conditioning: an introduction to their role in the context of the HCFC phase-out in developing countries.

• Author(s) : MASICKOVA J., CLARK E.
• Publication date: 2014/05/14
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Regulations, Refrigerating system, HCFC, Recommendation, Substitute, Developing country, GWP, Environment, Ozone depletion, Refrigerant, Climate

Recommended by the IIR

Global warming potentials and radiative efficiencies of halocarbons and related compounds: A comprehensive review

• Author(s) : HODNEBROG Ø., ETMINAN M., FUGLESTVEDT J.S., MARSTON G., MYHRE G., NIELSEN C.J., SHINE K. P., WALLINGTON T. J.
• Publication date: 2013/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : CFC, HCFC, HFC, Ozone depletion, Environment, Stratosphere, CO2 emission, Review, Modelling, Greenhouse effect, World, Halon, GWP, F-gas (fluorinated gas), Climate
• Source: Reviews of Geophysics - 51 - 2
• Formats : PDF

The NOAA annual greenhouse gas index

• Publication date: N/A
• Languages :
• Formats : PDF

Protecting the ozone layer and reducing global warming. Results, case studies and lessons learned from UNDP’s Montreal protocol programme.

• Author(s) : UNDP, GEF
• Publication date: 2014/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Regulations, HCFC, CFC, Control (automatic), Chilling, Air quality, Foam, HFC, Environment, Greenhouse effect, Ozone depletion, Refrigerant, Air conditioning, Climate

Protéger la couche d’ozone et réduire le réchauffement climatique. Résultats, études de cas et enseignements tirés du Programme du PNUD relatif au Protocole de Montréal.

Protecting the ozone layer and reducing global warming. Results, case studies and lessons learned from UNDP’s Montreal protocol programme.

• Author(s) : UNDP, GEF
• Publication date: 2014/11
• Languages : French
• Keywords : Solvent, Regulations, HCFC, CFC, Control (automatic), Air quality, Foam, HFC, Environment, Greenhouse effect, Ozone depletion, Refrigerant, Air conditioning, Climate

Protección de la capa de ozono y reducción del calentamiento del planeta. Resultados, estudios de casos y lecciones aprendidas del Programa del PNUD relativo al Protocolo de Montreal.

Protecting the ozone layer and reducing global warming. Results, case studies and lessons learned from UNDP’s Montreal protocol programme.

• Author(s) : UNDP, GEF
• Publication date: 2014/11
• Languages : Spanish
• Keywords : Solvent, Regulations, HCFC, CFC, Control (automatic), Air quality, Foam, HFC, Environment, Greenhouse effect, Ozone depletion, Refrigerant, Air conditioning, Climate

Ozone-depleting substances 2016 - Aggregated data reported by companies on the import, export, production, destruction, and feedstock and process agent use of ozone-depleting substances in the European Union.

• Author(s) : EEA (European Environment Agency)
• Publication date: 2017/09
• Languages : English
• Formats : PDF

Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. 2014 Report of the Refrigeration , Air Conditioning and Heat Pumps Technical Options Committee (TOC). 2014 Assessment.

• Author(s) : ONU Environnement (ex-PNUE), KUIJPERS L., PEIXOTO R.
• Publication date: 2015/02
• Languages : English

Recommended by the IIR

Amendment to the Montreal Protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer (Kigali Amendment).

• Author(s) : UNITED NATIONS (NATIONS UNIES)
• Publication date: 2016/10/15
• Languages : French, English
• Formats : Website, PDF

Ozone depletion and global warming

As an intergovernmental organization, the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) is invited to attend the annual conferences on the ozone layer (and the Montreal Protocol), on climate change (and the Kyoto Protocol), and to present a...

• Publication date : 2007/02/12

HFCs are “ weak ozone-depleting substances”

Although HFCs are promoted as being zero ODP refrigerants, they do have a small but measurable effect on ozone depletion, according to a new study by NASA.

• Publication date : 2015/12/08
• Subjects: General information, HFCs alternatives, Environment

Management and destruction of ozone depleting substances

A recent GIZ study analyses the management and destruction of ozone depleting substances (ODS) – primarily used as refrigerants – particularly in developing countries.

• Publication date : 2016/05/02
• Subjects: General information, Environment

Europe: focus on the consumption, exports, production and destruction of ozone depleting substances.

The European Environment Agency published in September 2017 a report aggregating data submitted by companies using ozone depleting substances.

• Publication date : 2017/10/18
• Subjects: Regulation, Figures, economy

The European Commission has initiated an evaluation of the Regulation n°1005/2009 on ozone-depleting substances (ODS)

The European Commission recently published a roadmap ahead of the evaluation of the effectiveness of European ODS Regulation n°1005/2009.

• Publication date : 2017/09/05
• Subjects: Regulation

Cuban plant to destroy substances depleting the ozone layer

Cuba will be the first country in Latin America to open a plant meant to destroy CFCs.

• Publication date : 2014/12/03

2015 HCFC consumption in Cuba

The government of Cuba reported a consumption of 13.17 Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) tonnes of HCFC in 2015.

• Publication date : 2016/12/09

The Montreal Protocol pays off

According to a recent UNEP report, the ozone layer is recovering. It could be restored to its initial state from 2040, except in Antarctica and the Arctic. 

• Publication date : 2023/01/26
• Subjects: Environment

CFC banks release larger emissions than expected

The leaks of CFC11 and CFC12 stored up in banks, if left unchecked, would delay the recovery of the Antarctic ozone hole by 6 years and add 9 billion metric tons of CO2eq to the...

• Publication date : 2020/05/27
• Subjects: Developing country, Environment

Latest figures on HFC impact on climate change

EU reports that hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) emissions from refrigeration and air conditioning (RAC) have decreased for the fourth consecutive year since 2014. On a global scale, the impact of HFCs on climate...

• Publication date : 2020/09/04
• Subjects: Environment

UNIDO project to help green Gambia’s refrigeration and air-conditioning sector

The Gambia and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) will implement a demonstration project to reduce greenhouse gases and ozone-depleting substances in the country's refrigeration and air-conditioning sector.

• Publication date : 2014/02/04
• Subjects: General information, Environment

Potential impact of dichloromethane on the ozone layer recovery

In a study published in Nature Communications, Ryan Hossaini and a team of researchers consider the impact of dichloromethane (CH2CL2) on the ozone layer.

• Publication date : 2017/12/13
• Subjects: General information, HFCs alternatives, Environment

Fast growing HFC levels could undermine climate benefits of the Montreal Protocol

A WMO-UNEP report stresses that climate benefits of the Montreal Protocol could be offset significantly by projected emissions of HFCs used to replace ozone depleting substances.

• Publication date : 2014/11/12
• Subjects: General information, HFCs alternatives, Environment

New environmental measures are emerging

Two important (for the refrigeration and air-conditioning sector) United Nations conferences take place every year, on ozone depletion and on climate change. The IIR attends these conferences and presents a statement as an intergovernmental...

• Publication date : 2009/02/24

Briefs: WMO-UNEP

The WMO-UNEP "Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2010" launched on the International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer (September 16) highlights Montreal Protocol contributions toward reducing global greenhouse gas emissions. It...

• Publication date : 2011/02/07

Participation of the IIR in the 31st Meeting of the Parties (MOP 31)

The 31st Meeting of the Parties (MOP 31) took place on November 4-8, 2019 in Italy at FAO headquarters. The Rome declaration on the reduction of food losses was signed.

• Publication date : 2019/11/29
• Subjects: General information, Regulation, Environment

UNEP publications

- Ozzy Goes Polar focuses on the effects that ozone depletion, climate change and persistent organic pollutants are exerting on polar ecosystems and communities and the ensuing consequences around the world. This animated cartoon book, prepared by...

• Publication date : 2007/08/05

International activities

The IIR must play a visible role at various international events. As an intergovernmental organization, the IIR will participate in the coming major international events organized by the United Nations: - the 18th Meeting of the Parties (MOP-18)...

• Publication date : 2006/11/15

IIR publications

The IIR is preparing 4 new publications that will be available by the end of 2007: - a booklet entitled Refrigeration Drives Sustainable Development which is an update of the 2002 report Refrigeration Sector Achievements and Challenges prepared...

• Publication date : 2007/08/05

Editorial by Didier Coulomb

For many years, the IIR has been seeking to improve the performances of natural refrigerants in order to address the issues of ozone depletion and global warming. The Gustav Lorentzen Conferences have been consistently highly successful. The...

• Publication date : 2008/10/25

Editorial by Didier Coulomb

In the previous issue of the Newsletter, I wrote about the conclusions I drew following the 2006 United Nations conferences on ozone depletion and climate change. A recently published important element backs up my conclusions: the Proceedings of...

• Publication date : 2007/05/04

UNESCO two-day meeting in Paris

The IIR participated in a two-day meeting organised by UN Environment at UNESCO (Paris).

• Publication date : 2018/08/08
• Subjects: General information, Environment

Webinar: The role of sustainable cooling technologies in the fight against climate change (in English and Italian)

A webinar on "The role of sustainable cooling technologies in the fight against climate change", organized  with Italy and IRENA, will take place on December 10 at 11:30 am (Paris time).

• Publication date : 2021/11/30
• Subjects: Environment

COP-19 Warsaw, Poland

Slow progress in the climate negotiations

• Publication date : 2013/11/22
• Subjects: General information, Environment

The IIR takes part in a UNIDO project

The IIR has been successful to a UNIDO call for proposals to assess the incremental and operating cost for improved Energy Efficiency in retail refrigeration in Jordan and Tunisia.

• Publication date : 2018/10/18
• Subjects: Developing country, General information, Environment

Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during COP 26

Statement Given by the Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 26th Conference of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP 26) in...

• Publication date : 2021/11/15
• Subjects: Environment

Call for nominations: Sustainable cold chains virtual exhibition

Call for nominations for sustainable cold chain technologies and approaches.

• Publication date : 2021/09/13
• Subjects: Technology, Environment

IIR statutory meetings

The statutory meetings of the IIR were held on 17-19 June 2020 online, due to the COVID-19 epidemic. Focus on some of the decisions taken on this occasion.

• Publication date : 2020/06/26

Cooling Keeps Food Fresh : Global Campaign Announced for World Refrigeration Day, June 26

Since 2019, June 26 celebrates the World Refrigeration Day. With increasing global stakes at hand over the past years, refrigeration took a leading role at the heart of international...

• Publication date : 2022/05/25
• Subjects: Environment

Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during COP 25

Statement Given by the Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 25th United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP 25), in Madrid (December 2-13, 2019).

• Publication date : 2020/04/20
• Subjects: Regulation, Environment

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector

This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...

• Last update : 2022/01/20
• Langues : English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams