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Natural refrigerant mixtures in low-charge heat pumps: An analysis of the potential for performance enhancements.
Author(s) : CARAMASCHI M., JENSEN J. K., POPPI S., OSTERGAARD K. K., OMMEN T. S., KÆRN M. R., MADANI H., ELMEGAARD B.
Type of article: IJR article
Summary
The study investigated the characteristics of different natural refrigerants and their mixtures in a residential heat pump with low refrigerant charge. Three main evaluation criteria were utilized for comparing different mixtures: Coefficient of Performance (COP), Volumetric Heating Capacity (VHC), and a newly proposed indicator, the heating capacity at charge limit. Propane was used as a reference refrigerant. It was found that some mixtures significantly improved both COP and the heating capacity at charge limit while maintaining similar volumetric heating capacity and operating conditions. Alternative multi-criteria decision-making techniques were adopted to rank the best refrigerant mixtures. Mixtures rich in Dimethyl Ether (DME), such as DME-CO2 [0.96-0.04] and DME-Propylene [0.75-0.25] were found consistently among the best options. Those were followed by Propylene-rich mixtures such as Propylene-CO2, Propylene-Isobutane and Propylene-Butane. The levelized cost of heat (LCOH) could be improved by up to 12 %. To accelerate the transition to natural refrigerants, without compromises on efficiency and costs, further research and certification activities on non-fluorinated refrigerants based on Dimethyl Ether (R-E170), CO2 (R-744) and Propylene (R-1270) are recommended.
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Details
- Original title: Natural refrigerant mixtures in low-charge heat pumps: An analysis of the potential for performance enhancements.
- Record ID : 30032438
- Languages: English
- Subject: Technology
- Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 165
- Publication date: 2024/09
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.04.016
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Indexing
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Themes:
Residential heat-pumps;
Blends;
CO2 - Keywords: Heat pump; R744; Natural refrigerant; Mixture; Low charge; COP; Heat capacity; Propane; Propylene; Ether; Isobutane; Comparison; Performance
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