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EU F-Gas Regulation guidance. Information sheet 3: industrial refrigeration.

• Author(s) : Gluckman Consulting, Defra (Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs), Jacobs
• Publication date: 2015/01
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Regulations, Refrigerating system, Industrial application, European Union, Chemical, Petroleum, Pharmaceutical industry, HFC, GWP, F-gas (fluorinated gas), Refrigerant
• Source: gluckmanconsulting.com

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Experimental investigation on the pull-down performance of a -80°C ultra-low temperature freezer.

• Author(s) : WANG H., SONG Y., CAO F.
• Publication date: 2020/11
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 119
• Formats : PDF

Investigation of chemical looping for high efficiency heat pumping.

• Author(s) : JAMES N. A.
• Publication date: 2019/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Chemical heat pump, Commercial application, Modelling, Expérimentation, Calculation, Test rig, Chemical reaction system
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

The effects of the novel home freezing system on microstructure, color, antioxidant activity, and microbiological properties of strawberries.

• Author(s) : RAYMAN ERGUN A., YANAT M., BAYSAL T.
• Publication date: 2021/01
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Household application, Freezing, Strawberry, Colour, Structure, Antioxidant, Microbiology, Chemical analysis, Expérimentation
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 121
• Formats : PDF

A study into the impact of chloride ions on the make-up hydrogen compressors.

• Author(s) : FOULANDIVANDA M., HEIDARY M. A.
• Publication date: 2021/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Hydrogen, Reciprocating compressor, Chloride, Industrial application, Maintenance, Fouling, Testing, Cost, Chemical
• Source: 12^th International Conference on Compressors and their Systems
• Formats : PDF

Development and Implementation of Industrial High Temperature Heat Pumps for Waste Scrubbing Process.

• Author(s) : LEE G., LEE B., CHO J., RA H. S., BAIK Y. J., WANG E. S., SHIN H. S., LEE Y. S., ROH C.
• Publication date: 2021/08/31
• Languages : English
• Keywords : High temperature, Heat pump, Industrial application, R245fa, Waste heat, Design, Chemical industry, Thermodynamic cycle, Expérimentation
• Source: 13^th IEA Heat Pump Conference 2021: Heat Pumps – Mission for the Green World. Conference proceedings [full papers]
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR

Industrial High Temperature Heat Pumps – Ongoing Research in the USA.

• Author(s) : AMARNATH A., VAIRAMOHAN B.
• Publication date: 2023/05/15
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Food industry, Chemical industry, Industrial application, Paper, Waste heat, Heat recovery, Design, Prototype, Low GWP, USA
• Source: 14^th IEA Heat Pump Conference 2023, Chicago, Illinois.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR

Seasonal thermal energy storage: A techno-economic literature review

• Author(s) : YANG T., LIU W., KRAMER G. J., SUN Q.
• Publication date: 2021/04
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Commercial application, Household application, Geothermy, Thermal energy storage, Seasonal performance, Latent heat, Borehole, Tank, Chemical reaction system, Sorption system, Sensible heat, Economy, Review, Cost
• Source: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews - vol. 139
• Formats : PDF

Physicochemical characterization of phase change materials for industrial waste heat recovery applications.

• Author(s) : FERNÁNDEZ A., GONZALEZ-FERNANDEZ L., GROSU Y., LABIDI J.
• Publication date: 2022/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Waste heat, Industrial application, PCM, Corrosion, Heat recovery, Physico-chemical property, Thermal energy storage, Expérimentation, Thermal property
• Source: Energies - vol. 15 - n. 10
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Thermochemical heat transformer for waste heat recovery: consideration of dynamic aspects for design.

• Author(s) : MICHEL B., CLAUSSE M.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Working fluid, Industrial application, Heat transformer, Heat recovery, Salt (sodium chloride), Chemical property, Modelling, Thermodynamic cycle, Waste heat
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Techno-economic analysis of steam generating heat pumps for integration into distillation processes.

• Author(s) : ARPAGAUS C., BLESS F., BERTSCH S.
• Publication date: 2022/06/13
• Languages : English
• Keywords : High temperature, Energy saving, Vapour, COP, Compressor, Heat pump, Cost, Industrial application, Chemical industry, Case study, Modelling, Distillation
• Source: 15^th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2022). Proceedings. Trondheim, Norway, June 13-15^th 2022.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Evaluation of system-level performance of closed strontium bromide thermochemical energy storage systems for space heating.

• Author(s) : RIVERA K., ODUKOMAIYA A., WOODS J., FRONK B.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Chemical heat pump, Thermal energy storage, Thermodynamic cycle, Modelling, Heat pump, Heating, COP, Energy consumption, Simulation, Residential building, Household application
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR

An estimation of the European industrial heat pump market potential

• Author(s) : MARINA A., SPOELSTRA S., ZONDAG H.A., WEMMERS A. K.
• Publication date: 2021/04
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Heat pump, Industrial application, Waste heat, Market, Energy saving, Paper, Chemical industry, Food industry, Modelling, Review, CO2 emission, Cost, Refinery, High temperature
• Source: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews - vol. 139
• Formats : PDF, Autre

Postharvest biology and technology of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.).

• Author(s) : SHAH H. M. S., KHAN A. S., SINGH Z., AYYUB S.
• Publication date: 2023/03
• Languages : English
• Source: Foods - vol. 12 - n. 6
• Formats : PDF

A numerical accelerated life methodology for understanding refrigerant chemical stability in HVACR systems.

• Author(s) : KUJAK S., SORENSON E.
• Publication date: 2018/07/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Thermodynamics, Chemical analysis, Low GWP, Arrhenius, R22, Review, Stability, Refrigerant, Air conditioning
• Source: 2018 Purdue Conferences. 17^th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

IIR Cryogenics 2023 conference: perspectives of cryogenic technologies for 2030

Overview of future technological advances in cryogenics: liquid hydrogen electric aircrafts, cryofuels, hydrogen chemical energy conversion, fuel cells for energy storage, cryogenic rocket engine, quantum and...

• Publication date : 2023/06/27

Cryochemistry: chemical reactions accelerated by freezing

Surprisingly, some chemical reactions can be accelerated by freezing. The possible applications of studying such cryoreactions include the food and pharmaceutical cold chain, as well...

• Publication date : 2022/02/28
• Subjects: Technology, Environment

ICR2011 highlights: cooling particle detectors

Cooling systems for particle detectors attracted interest at the IIR’s Congress in Prague in August 2011. These highly specific applications have very strict requirements compared with standard cooling systems: refrigerants should be resistant to...

• Publication date : 2012/02/21

2005 AHR Expo Innovation award winners

The winners of the third annual AHR (Air Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration) Expo Innovation awards will be honoured during a ceremony during the 2005 AHR Expo in Orlando, Florida, on February 8, 2005. The product entries were judged for...

• Publication date : 2004/12/22

Briefs: TimeTemp

The Norwegian manufacturer TimeTemp has developed an innovative, small self-adhesive label attached to food products. The company says its innovative shelf life indicator is able to precisely measure the freshness of food items as they pass...

• Publication date : 2011/02/07

Nanotechnoly: what’s new?

Nanotechnology - the manipulation of cell and atomic structure in materials no larger than a billionth of a metre in size - has recently been described by Frank O'Brien-Bernini, Vice President of Owens Corning Science & Technology Center, as...

• Publication date : 2006/07/26

Cryogenic distillation: a promising technology for carbon capture

Cryogenic distillation is subject to intense R&D works for CO2 capture in CCS facilities. A plant using this technology is under construction in China.

• Publication date : 2019/06/28

Chillers: efficiency takes off

Chillers are key refrigerating systems since, according to the Department of Energy, in the US, they account for about 13% of the power consumed by the nation's buildings and 9% of the overall demand for electric power. Examples below illustrate...

• Publication date : 2008/10/25

Ultracold polar molecules

Scientists at JILA, a joint institute of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the University of Colorado at Boulder (CU-Boulder), have applied their expertise in ultracold atoms and lasers to produce the first high-density...

• Publication date : 2008/10/22

HFO-1234yf news

HFO-1234yf, developed by DuPont and Honeywell as a substitute for HFC-134a in mobile air-conditioning applications in response to EU 2006/40 Directive which bans the use of refrigerants with a GWP higher than 150 in new types of vehicles by...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

CFC banks release larger emissions than expected

The leaks of CFC11 and CFC12 stored up in banks, if left unchecked, would delay the recovery of the Antarctic ozone hole by 6 years and add 9 billion metric tons of CO2eq to the...

• Publication date : 2020/05/27
• Subjects: Developing country, Environment

Global fluorochemicals market

The global fluorochemicals industry was valued at USD 15.3 billion in 2011 and is expected to generate revenue of USD 21.5 billion by 2018, growing at a CAGR of 5% from 2012 to 2018.

• Publication date : 2014/04/07
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Assessing the market potential of industrial heat pumps in Europe

To address the lack of product development of high temperature heat pumps, a recent article provides manufacturers with an estimate of the industrial heat pump market potential in...

• Publication date : 2021/11/30
• Subjects: Figures, economy, Technology

The global natural refrigerants market on the rise

The natural refrigerants market is projected to register a CAGR of 11.5% between 2015 and 2020, to reach USD 1,419.19 million in 2020 from USD 821.74 million in 2015.

• Publication date : 2015/10/07
• Subjects: Figures, economy

WhatGas, a smartphone application listing refrigerants

OzonAction has launched a useful application to identify refrigerant gases.

• Publication date : 2017/09/07
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Heat pumps, the central theme of the recent IIR Congress

An overview of the research carried out in the field of heat pumps, with the aim of achieving greater flexibility and increased energy efficiency, in particular through to the use of thermal energy...

• Publication date : 2023/10/24

The long awaited ICR2015 is underway!

Held every four years, this year ICR2015 welcomes 1,011 conference delegates from 55 countries, making it a truly global refrigeration event.

• Publication date : 2015/08/19

Member news: Mirai Intex ultra-low temperature refrigeration system at the ACHEMA trade show in Germany

Mirai Intex, corporate member of the IIR, will present its MC 15 C/W/T closed-cycle refrigeration machine at the ACHEMA trade show in August 2022 in Germany.

• Publication date : 2022/08/16
• Subjects: Technology

CRH 2015 - China Refrigeration 2015

Continued focus on providing persistent improvement and innovation in the HVAC&R industry. Highlights included a Demonstration Pavilion for cold chain solutions, Ozone2Climate Roadshow & Roundtable, and a side-event covering EU F-gas...

• Publication date : 2015/04/15

Student Competition at Conference on the Application of HFO Refrigerants

The organising committee of the IIR International Conference on the Application of HFO Refrigerants is delighted to announce the introduction of an award for the best paper by a student author at the 2018 event.

• Publication date : 2017/11/20

New IIR Working Groups focus on core matters in refrigeration

IIR Working Groups (WGs) operate on a temporary basis and bring together specialists to work on projects concerning current technological, social or economic issues linked to refrigeration. Their aim is to promote development, provide knowledge...

• Publication date : 2018/10/02

The essential role of refrigeration in the combat against COVID-19

Statement of the International Institute of Refrigeration calling governments to consider refrigeration-related services as “essential services” in the context of the current health crisis due to COVID-19.

• Publication date : 2020/04/14
• Subjects: Regulation, Environment, General information, Figures, economy, Technology, Developing country

Cryogenics and Low-Temperature Physics: New Horizons and Challenges

This Focus written by Ralf Herzog*, President of the IIR’s Cryophysics, Cryoengineering commission (Commission A1) for the Newsletter of the IIR is the third in a series of presentations of the activities and hot research topics handled by the...

• Publication date : 2012/09/21

Spotlight on Commission B2: at the forefront of refrigerating equipment

Coordinated by the IIR Science and Technology Council, Commission B2 focuses on promoting knowledge of refrigerating equipment technologies and their applications worldwide.

• Publication date : 2015/05/15

New in our Encyclopedia. Ice cream manufacturing and its environmental impact.

A comprehensive review of the freezing process, market data and environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing. 

• Publication date : 2022/10/27
• Subjects: Figures, economy, Technology

New IIR Informatory Note on high-temperature heat pumps

IRR’s latest Informatory Note demonstrates that high-temperature heat pumps are a key technology in the decarbonisation of process industries. 

• Publication date : 2021/10/22

March 2023: An active communication and awareness campaign for INDEE+

March 2023 was marked by a series of communication events for INDEE+, gathering all project partners and key Indian HVAC&R stakeholders in India.

• Publication date : 2023/04/26
• Subjects: Developing country

Activities of IIR’s Commission B2 on “Refrigerating Equipment”

Focus on the IIR's Commission B2

• Publication date : 2017/07/11

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers