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IIR document

Analysis of the influence structural defects on the critical current of the HTc superconducting tapes.

• Author(s) : SOSNOWSKI J.
• Publication date: 2019/05/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Superconducting magnet, Current lead, Critical temperature, Superconducting tape, High temperature, Expérimentation
• Source: Cryogenics 2019. Proceedings of the 15^th IIR International Conference: Prague, Czech Republic, April 8-11, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Correlation between grain connectivity, packing density, and critical current density in MgB2 synthesized by in situ/ex situ combination technique.

• Author(s) : SHAH S., SHAHABUDDIN, ALZAYED N. S.
• Publication date: 2019/05/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Superconduction, Boron, Magnesium, Expérimentation, Current density, Critical density
• Source: Cryogenics 2019. Proceedings of the 15^th IIR International Conference: Prague, Czech Republic, April 8-11, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Solid desiccant-based dehumidification systems: A critical review on configurations, techniques, and current trends.

• Author(s) : ABD-ELHADY M. M., SALEM M. S., HAMED A. M., EL-SHARKAWY I. I.
• Publication date: 2022/01
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 133
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Electronic transport properties of NBTI in copper matrix superconducting wires.

• Author(s) : NICULESCU A. E., PICIOREA I., RIZOIU A., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/06/22
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Pinning, Electronics, Measurement, Temperature, Electrical resistance, Superconducting wire, Current density
• Source: 1^st IIR International Conference of Cryogenics and Refrigeration Technology (ICCRT 2016). Proceedings: Bucharest, Romania, June 22-25, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

Structural modeling of HTS tapes and cables.

• Author(s) : ALLEN N. C., CHIESA L., TAKAYASU M.
• Publication date: 2016/02
• Languages : English
• Source: Cryogenics - vol. 80

IIR document

Measurement of critical properties for the binary mixture of R744 (carbon dioxide) + R1234ze(E) (trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene).

• Author(s) : YAO X., SHEN J., KANG H., TANG B., LI Z., LI J., DONG X., GONG M.
• Publication date: 2023/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Measurement, R744, R1234ze(E), Binary mixture, Critical temperature
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 152
• Formats : PDF

Miniature oil-less linear compressor for portable oxygen concentrator.

• Author(s) : LEE H., SUN H., KIM Y.
• Publication date: 2018/07/09
• Languages : English
• Source: 2018 Purdue Conferences. 24^th International Compressor Engineering Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Heat transfer and various convection structures of near-critical CO2 flow in microchannels.

• Author(s) : CHEN L., ZHANG X. R.
• Publication date: 2014/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Microchannel, Heat transfer, Critical point, Flow, CO2
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 72 - n. 1

A fundamental equation of state for trans-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene [R1336mzz(E)].

• Author(s) : AKASAKA R., SIMONI L. D., LEMMON E. W.
• Publication date: 2022/07/10
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Equation of state, R1336mzz(E), Low GWP, Thermodynamic property, Critical pressure, Critical temperature, Mixture, HFO
• Source: 2022 Purdue Conferences. 19^th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

HTS racetrack coils for electrical machines.

• Author(s) : KOZUB S., BOGDANOV I., DEZHIN D., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/04/07
• Languages : English
• Source: Cryogenics 2014. Proceedings of the 13^th IIR International Conference: Prague, Czech Republic, April 7-11, 2014.
• Formats : PDF

Assessment of Different Envelope Configurations via Optimization Analysis and Thermal Performance Indicators: A Case Study in a Tropical Climate.

• Author(s) : ARAUZ J., MORA D., CHEN AUSTIN M.
• Publication date: 2022/02
• Languages : English
• Source: Sustainability - vol. 14 - n. 4
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

A thermodynamic analysis of refrigerants: possibilities and tradeoffs for low-GWP refrigerants.

• Author(s) : MCLINDEN M. O., KAZAKOV A. F., BROWN J. S., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/02
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 38
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Replacement of refrigerants in refrigerated transportation: risks and opportunities.

• Author(s) : BOSSUAT M., VALET O., CAVALIER G.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

The Case for DC: Motivation of Modern Topologies, DC-Powered Solutions, and Applications within Residential Environments.

• Author(s) : ORE J., MERAL F., ZIVIANI D., GROLL E.
• Publication date: 2021/05/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Residential sector, Direct current, Alternating current, Electricity, Network, USA, Case study
• Source: 2021 Purdue Conferences. 6^th International High Performance Buildings Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Residential building. Sustainability rating tools in Australia

• Author(s) : IIYER-RANIGA U., MOORE T., WASILUK K.
• Publication date: 2017/02
• Languages : English
• Source: EcoLibrium - vol. 16 - n. 1
• Formats : PDF

ICR2007: CO2 in the limelight

Among the 876 papers presented at the IIR International Congress of Refrigeration in Beijing, 82 were on CO2 as a refrigerant or secondary fluid. Many dealt with new components for CO2, the lack of such components being currently still one of the...

• Publication date : 2007/11/20

Underground storage of liquid CO2

Dispensing of CO2 by storing it underground usually implies placing it in aquifer rocks deep enough (-800 m) to achieve sufficient pressure to maintain the CO2 in a supercritical (fluid) phase. This approach has many shortcomings as in this form,...

• Publication date : 2006/11/15

CO2 Supermarkets

The journal Die Kälte und Klimatechnik has just produced an article on the opening of a supermarket using refrigeration installations for the first time running on direct expansion CO2 with both medium and low temperatures in Wettingen,...

• Publication date : 2005/10/26

H-fluid as an alternative to HFC-134a?

The new European Directive 2006/40 on emissions from air-conditioning systems in motor vehicles - which bans F-gases with a GWP higher than 150 (such as HFC-134a) as of 2011 for new models of cars - and Californian legislation which is putting...

• Publication date : 2006/11/15

Development and evaluation of a reversible CO2 residential air conditioning system compared to a state-of-the art R410a unit

This paper was presented at the IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference in Glasgow (Sep. 2004). A reversible CO2 prototype RAC split unit system was designed, built and installed in two calorimetric test chambers. The unit is based on the Lorentzen Cycle...

• Publication date : 2004/11/24

Ozone layer issues: Montreal Protocol

A recent policy article recommends "further adjustments to strengthen the Montreal Protocol and provide further insurance against the threat of abrupt climate change". According to the authors, "the Montreal Protocol's successful work to protect...

• Publication date : 2007/08/05

Briefs: Is air conditioning good for health?

Air conditioning (AC) could blunt the ill effects of air pollution, according to a recent study by Bell et al. from Yale University, published in Epidemiology in September 2009. The study investigated the short-term effects of particulate matter...

• Publication date : 2010/03/07

Alternative Cooling Technologies conference, London, 1st February 2005

This conference, which was co-sponsored by the UK Institute of Refrigeration and organised commercially by RAC magazine, was well attended with about 140 people present. It was arranged in five sessions. In the first session, speakers from UK...

• Publication date : 2005/02/11

Events: c-dig

The latest c-dig (carbon dioxide interest group) meeting took place in Lyon, France, on November 3-4, 2008 and was attended by about 40 researchers, compressor manufacturers and industry stakeholders. It gave an overview of the current state of...

• Publication date : 2009/02/24

Brief: controls market boost

In order to comply with the introduction of energy efficiency legislations and to promote ‘green' solutions, the development of new and advanced products offering enhanced services and monitoring are critical in the European refrigeration controls...

• Publication date : 2006/01/28

Scroll compressors offer top efficiency

Scroll compressors offer top efficiency The Taiwan-based compressor manufacturer ChynTec International Co. Ltd. published an article earlier this year offering a synthetic comparison of the general performance of reciprocating, scroll and screw...

• Publication date : 2005/12/22

Two-phase ejectors: a high potential for energy savings

Two review papers recently published in the IJR highlight ejectors as a promising solution to dramatically improve the efficiency of vapour compression refrigeration systems and outline the challenges that...

• Publication date : 2020/11/27

Regulations and use of HFCs in the USA

Under section 608 of the Clean Air Act, it has been illegal since November 15, 1995, to knowingly vent substitutes for CFC and HCFC refrigerants during the maintenance, service, repair and disposal of air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment....

• Publication date : 2004/09/14

Efficient mine cooling

Bluhm Burton Engineering (BBE) is currently implementing energy management ventilation and refrigeration systems for mines to reduce overall and to manage energy consumption. BBE's Director, Raymond Funnell, has underscored that there is a boom in...

• Publication date : 2008/05/13

Cold storage: sustainable solutions for developing countries with hot climates

Two papers from the recent IIR Congress illustrate the importance of developing the cold chain in developing countries with warm climates. In particular, in India, environmentally-friendly technical solutions...

• Publication date : 2023/12/19

Another successful IIR Gustav Lorentzen conference 2016

Dedicated to natural refrigerants, mainly ammonia, carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons, Gustav Lorentzen 2016 was a great success attracting over 270 people and more than 145 papers from leading international researchers and industrialists.

• Publication date : 2016/09/14

An article from the IJR on the state of the art of CO2

An article published by NTNU and SINTEF in the International Journal of Refrigeration summarises several researches on current and future "CO2 only" solutions for supermarket applications.

• Publication date : 2018/10/18

Highlights from COP13/MOP36 – Day 3

The IIR concluded another successful side event on natural refrigerants at COP13/MOP36. Today's session brought together a diverse group of government representatives, industry leaders, and environmental experts...

• Publication date : 2024/10/30

Statement from IIR Director General at COP29

Watch the IIR’s official statement delivered by IIR Director General Yosr Allouche at COP29, held in Baku, Azerbaijan, from 11-22 November, 2024. Transcript is available...

• Publication date : 2024/12/16
• Subjects: Regulation

Statement by Yosr Allouche, new Director General of the IIR

The International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) is pleased to announce the official nomination of Yosr Allouche as its new Director General. In this statement, she outlines her vision and aspirations for the...

• Publication date : 2024/10/17

Your invitation: United Nations Food Systems Summit 2021

The UN has invited the Director General of the IIR to present key data from two of its Informatory Notes during the Food Systems Summit 2021 to take place on September 20.

• Publication date : 2021/09/13
• Subjects: Technology, Environment

How to adapt in a world at 50°C? Learn more at the IMechE conference this September

On September 6-8, 2023, the Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE) will host its 1st International Conference and Workshop on Climate Adaptation and Resilience in London.

• Publication date : 2023/09/05
• Subjects: Technology, Environment

Cryogenics and Low-Temperature Physics: New Horizons and Challenges

This Focus written by Ralf Herzog*, President of the IIR’s Cryophysics, Cryoengineering commission (Commission A1) for the Newsletter of the IIR is the third in a series of presentations of the activities and hot research topics handled by the...

• Publication date : 2012/09/21

New president of IIR Commission C2 on food science and engineering

The IIR is proud to announce the appointment of Judith Evans, Professor at London South Bank University, as the new president of IIR Commission C2 on food science and engineering.

• Publication date : 2016/07/06

The IIR is taking part in standardization work for TTIIs in France

Gérald Cavalier, President of Section D of the IIR’s Science and Technology Council was appointed President of the new E18A Commission of AFNOR (Association Française de Normalisation, the French Standardization Agency): “Cold chain control -...

• Publication date : 2012/08/22

New IIR Informatory Note on The Role of Refrigeration in the Global Economy

In its latest Informatory Note, the IIR highlights the major and growing role of the refrigeration industry in the global economy, particularly in the areas of food, health, energy and the environment. It calls on policy makers to consider this...

• Publication date : 2019/08/29
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Highlights: IIR Cold Chain Conference 2020 Welcomed Over 140 Participants

Offering both on site and online access, the 6th IIR Cold Chain conference was the first ever hybrid IIR conference!

• Publication date : 2020/09/03

The IIR supports operational and economic missions in Madagascar

IIR interventions and recommendations will focus on the mission’s aspects which are related to the food cold chain, including offshore fishery and continental aquaculture among others.

• Publication date : 2016/08/10

IIR engages in COP13/MOP36 and COP29 to highlight the key role of sustainable refrigeration for all in handling climate change

Two major events in the fight against climate change and protecting the future of our planet, COP13/MOP36 and COP29, are held in October and November. The IIR is taking part in these United Nations conferences...

• Publication date : 2024/10/31
• Subjects: Environment, General information, Regulation

IIR Working Group publishes Guidelines for Life Cycle Climate Performance

The Guidelines for Life Cycle Climate Performance (LCCP) provide a harmonised method to calculate the LCCP for all types of stationary air conditioning, heat pumping and refrigeration systems.

• Publication date : 2016/01/27

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams